CELTA Written Assignment 2 – Language Related Tasks

Candidate name: BABINA SUNIL

(in capitals and signed to testify that this is entirely your own work)

Date: 02/01/2025 Words count

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Assessment criteria Tutor's comments

a. analyse language correctly
for teaching purposes

b. correctly use terminology

relating to form, meaning
and phonology when
analysing language

c. access reference materials

and reference information
they have learned about
language to an appropriate
source

d. use written language that is

clear, accurate and
appropriate to the task

Tutor name and signature:

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Tutor comments on resubmission:

Tutor name, signature and date:

Tutor 2: (signature and date):

 I have read the assignment and agree with the grade and comments.

Assignment Two: Language Related Tasks

This assignment requires you to research, and reflect on aspects of language. The types of target
language considered include grammar and vocabulary. You will be asked to analyse concept,
form and phonology and identify important problems that students may have with the language,
giving solutions to these problems, as you need to do when planning lessons.

Task:
Part A – Grammar; Part B - Vocabulary
Here are 2 sentences with a grammatical structure underlined in each one and 2 sentences
with a vocabulary item underlined. Follow the instructions below a – g for each task (2x
grammar and 2x vocabulary)

You need to analyse one grammar structure and one lexical item from each level (i.e you
cannot choose all of your items from one level only)

NB: Look at the examples provided below for a grammar structure and for a lexical item and
follow the layout. Your answers should be about 300 words for each grammar item and 200
words for each of the vocab items.
● Grammar (Elem)
1. More and more people are choosing to live in the countryside these days.
2. Paul is taking his driving test on Wednesday.
3. Life is just slower and more relaxed here.
4. I’m never going to live in a city.
● Grammar (Interm)
1. She must have left work.
2. She shouldn’t have left him.
3. If I had time, I would take up a sport.
4. Lisa and her husband fed the children when they came home.
● Lexis (Elem)
1. She’s a sensible girl. I don’t think she’d talk to strangers.
2. I’m a person who likes peace and quiet
3. I never feel bored.
4. I know people who run the shops in my street.
 ● Lexis (Interm.)
1. I live in a rough area of Manchester
2. John turned down the job.
3. I was so embarrassed about it.
4. When she finally turned up, we had our typical conversation.

Examples: Handbook page 51

WORKED EXAMPLES: STRUCTURE/GRAMMAR

(Elementary)

Example -1

Paul is taking his driving test on Wednesday.

Meaning

Provide a definition:

This sentence is an example of the present continuous tense used to talk about a planned or
scheduled future event. In this sentence is taking is in the present continuous tense, indicating a
planned or scheduled event in the near future.

Explain the meaning

The meaning of the sentence is that Paul has a fixed plan or arrangement to take his driving test on
the specified day, Wednesday, emphasizing the fixed nature of the arrangement.

CCQS:

1. Is Paul taking his driving test now? - No

2. Has Paul already taken his driving test? - No

3. When is Paul taking his driving test? - on Wednesday

4. What is Paul going to do on Wednesday? - Driving test

5. Is Paul’s driving test in the past, present or future? - future

Form

S+ to be( in the present simple)+-ing form of the main verb+ time

S- Paul (subject)

To be – is ( present simple tense)

Ing form of the main verb- taking

Time expression – on Wednesday

Pronunciation

/ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ/

/ɪz/ = is

/ˈteɪkɪŋ/ = taking

The /z/ sound in "is" links to the /t/ sound in "taking", creating a smooth connection between the
words.

The stress falls on the second syllable (TAKing).

Anticipated problems and solutions

Problem: Students may struggle to pronounce the /ɪz/ sound in "is".

Solution: Model and drill the /ɪz/ sound, highlighting its difference from /ɪ/ and /iː/. Problem:
Students may have difficulty with the word stress in "is taking".

Solution: Emphasize the correct stress pattern (/ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ/) and provide opportunities for students to
practice.

Problem: Students may have difficulty with the word stress in "is taking".

Solution: Emphasize the correct stress pattern (/ɪz ˈteɪkɪŋ/) and provide opportunities for students
to practice.

Example-2

She must have left work.

Meaning-
Provide a definition:

This phrase is an example of the present perfect tense used with modal verbs to express inference
about a past action, indicating a high degree of certainty that the action took place.

Explain the meaning

The speaker is certain or very confident that she departed from work at some point in the past,
although they did not directly witness her leaving.

CCQS:

1. Is the speaker sure she left? - Yes

2. Did the speaker see her leave? - No

3. What is the level of certainty about her leaving? - very high

4. Is the speaker talking about something that happened in the past? -Yes

5. Is the speaker making a guess or is she certain ? - certain

Form

Modal verb(must) + have + past participle (left)

Pronunciation

/ʃiː ˈmʌst həv ˈlɛft/

/ʃiː/ = She

/ˈmʌst/ = must

/həv/ = have

/ˈlɛft/ = left

The linking sounds help to connect the words smoothly and naturally in spoken English.

The sentence stress is falling on She MUST have LEFT

Anticipated problems and solutions

Problem: Students may confuse the usage of "must have" with "must".

Solution: Clarify the difference between "must" (obligation) and "must have" (deduction about the
past)

Problem: Students may not know the meaning of "must" in this context.

Solution: Pre-teach the meaning of "must" as a modal verb used for deduction.

Problem: Students may struggle to understand the collocation "must have left".

Solution: Highlight common collocations with "must" (e.g., "must have", "must be") by providing
opportunities for the students to practice. |

a)Providing a context/conveying meaning: (Elem)

Example – 1
I never feel bored.
1.Meaning:
An emotional state of sensation, feeling tired and unhappy because something is not interesting,
sentiment

 Synonyms tired, uninterested, fed up

 .Antonyms: interested, excited, enthusiastic

2.Form
 Verb Forms
1. Base Form: feel bored
2. Present Continuous: am feeling bored
3. Present Simple: feel bored
4. Past Simple: felt bored
5. Past Continuous: was feeling bored
6. Past Perfect: had felt bored
7. Past Perfect Continuous: had been feeling bored
8. Future Simple: will feel bored
9. Future Continuous: will be feeling bored
10. Future Perfect: will have felt bored
11. Future Perfect Continuous: will have been feeling bored

 Modal Verb Forms

1. Can: can feel bored

2. Could: could feel bored
3. May: may feel bored
4. Might: might feel bored
5. Must: must feel bored
6. Should: should feel bored
7. Will: will feel bored
8. Would: would feel bored

 Passive Voice Forms

1. Present Simple: boredom is felt

2. Past Simple: boredom was felt
3. Future Simple: boredom will be felt

 Other Forms
1. Gerund: feeling bored
2. Infinitive: to feel bored

3. Pronunciation-
 feel bored.-
/ˈfiːlɪŋ bɔːrd/
feel- /fiːl/
/fiː/ sounds like "fee"
/l/ sounds like a soft "l" sound like "ling"

 Bored-/bɔːrd/
/bɔː/ sounds like "bore"
/rd/ sounds like a soft "d" sound

4.Collocation
The word "bored" often collocates with verbs like "feel", "get", "be", and "become".
1. Feel bored with something (e.g., "I feel bored with this job.")
2. Feel bored by something (e.g., "I feel bored by this lecture.")
3. Feel bored at something (e.g., "I feel bored at parties.")
4. Feel bored doing something (e.g., "I feel bored doing nothing.")
5. Feel bored of something (informal) (e.g., "I'm fed up with/bored of this game.")

5. Idiomatic Expressions
1. Fed up: extremely bored or tired of something (e.g., "I'm fed up with this job.")
2. Bored to tears: extremely bored (e.g., "I was bored to tears during the lecture.")
3. Bored out of my mind: extremely bored (e.g., "I'm bored out of my mind with this homework.")
4. Bored stiff: extremely bored (e.g., "I was bored stiff during the meeting.")
5. Get bored with something: to become bored with something (e.g., "I got bored with that game
after a few hours.")
6. Be bored to death: to be extremely bored (e.g., "I was bored to death during the presentation.")
7. Have had it up to here: to be extremely bored or frustrated (e.g., "I've had it up to here with this
traffic.")
"Bored to tears"
"Bored out of my mind"
"Bored stiff"

6.Word Formation
 Nouns
1. Boredom (n.) - the state of being bored (e.g., "I'm experiencing boredom during this lecture.")
2. Bore (n.) - a person or thing that is boring (e.g., "He's such a bore at parties."
  Adjectives
1. Bored (adj.) - feeling tired and unhappy because something is not interesting (e.g., "I'm bored with
this game.")
2. Boring (adj.) - not interesting or exciting (e.g., "This movie is boring.")

 Verbs
1. Bore (v.) - to make someone feel tired and unhappy because something is not interesting (e.g.,
"This lecture is boring me.")
2. Get bored (v.) - to become bored (e.g., "I got bored with that book after a few chapters.")

 Adverbs
1. Boringly (adv.) - in a way that is not interesting or exciting (e.g., "He spoke boringly about his job.")

 Phrasal Verbs
1. Bore someone to tears (phrasal v.) - to bore someone extremely (e.g., "This movie bored me to
tears.")
2. Bore someone stiff (phrasal v.) - to bore someone extremely (e.g., "This lecture bored me stiff.")

 Homophones
1. Bored - Board
2. Bore - Boar

The whole sentence I never feel bored informs that The speaker does not experience boredom

Example-2
When she finally turned up, we had our typical conversation
1.Meaning
Meaning-To arrive or appear, often unexpectedly or after being delayed.

Synonyms- Show up, Arrive, Appear

Antonyms – Leave, Depart, Disappear

2.Form

 Verb Forms
1. Base Form: turn up
2. Past Simple: turned up
3. Past Participle: turned up
4. Present Participle: turning up
5. Infinitive: to turn up

 Modal Verb Forms

1. Can: can turn up
2. Could: could turn up
3. May: may turn up
4. Might: might turn up
5. Must: must turn up
6. Should: should turn up
7. Will: will turn up
8. Would: would turn up

 Tenses
1. Present Simple: turns up
2. Present Continuous: is turning up
3. Present Perfect: has turned up
4. Present Perfect Continuous: has been turning up
5. Past Simple: turned up
6. Past Continuous: was turning up
7. Past Perfect: had turned up
8. Past Perfect Continuous: had been turning up
9. Future Simple: will turn up
10. Future Continuous: will be turning up
11. Future Perfect: will have turned up
12. Future Perfect Continuous: will have been turning up

3. Pronunciation-

Turned up - /ˈtɜːn ʌp/

Breakdown:

- /ˈtɜːn/ (TURN) sounds like "tern" with a slightly longer vowel sound
- /ʌp/ (UP) sounds like a short, relaxed "u" sound followed by a soft "p" sound

Example: "When she finally turned up, we had our typical conversation.

4.Collocation
1. Turn up late: arrive later than expected
Example: "He turned up late to the meeting."
2. Turn up unexpectedly: arrive without warning or invitation
Example: "She turned up unexpectedly at the party."
3. Turn up the volume: increase the loudness of music or sound
Example: "Can you turn up the volume? I want to hear the music clearly."
4. Turn up the heat: increase the temperature or intensity
Example: "The chef turned up the heat to cook the dish quickly."
5. Turn up at: arrive at a place
Example: "He turned up at the office looking tired."

5. Idiomatic Expressions
1. Turn up in the most unlikely places: appear unexpectedly in unusual situations
Example: "He has a habit of turning up in the most unlikely places."
2. Turn up the ante: increase the stakes or pressure
Example: "The company turned up the ante by offering a higher salary."
3. Turn up trumps: succeed unexpectedly or achieve something surprising
Example: "The new employee turned up trumps and solved the problem."
4. Turn up the pressure: increase the intensity or stress
Example: "The coach turned up the pressure on the team to win the game."
5. Turn up for the books: happen unexpectedly or surprisingly
Example: "The surprise party turned up for the books and was a huge success."
6.Word Formation
1. Turn up (noun): a person who arrives unexpectedly
Example: "He was a turn up at the party."
2. Turn-up (adjective): unexpected or surprising
Example: "The turn-up in the election results was surprising."
3. Turn-up (noun): an increase or improvement
Example: "There was a turn-up in sales after the marketing campaign."
4. Turned-up (adjective): increased or intensified
Example: "The turned-up music was too loud."

Reference:
“Practical English Usage”, Michael Swan (OUP, 1980)

“Macmillan English Dictionary”, Macmillan Publishers Ltd. 2003

Vocabulary. Target statement: turn up (Intermediate)

Context i.e. how will B) Context: Tom’s friends arranged a surprise birthday party for him. As he walks
you convey meaning? to the hall everyone yells “surprise!”, and the music turns up and is shocked and
delighted by the surprise party.

● Word/phrase Clarify Meaning Checking meaning Any problems with Solutions

● Phon script (e.g. (e.g. CCQs, extensions, M, F or P?
● Stress definition / timeline,
● Form pic /mime etc.) personalisation etc.)
D) Pron A) Meaning C) Checking (F) Problems Provide
understanding examples with
- /tɜːnz/ sounds like increase the Meaning: different
"turns" with a slightly volume or Concept questions: context
longer vowel sound amount of Students may
something., to 1. What is being struggle with Examples
- /ʌp/ sounds like "up" increase celebrated ? idiomatic expression
with a short, relaxed amount or of "turn up" as the Volume: Can
vowel sound Ans. Tom’s birthday meaning cannot be you turn up
intensity: "Turn
up the heat." 2. What happens when inferred directly the music?
E) Form (increase the
Tom enters the room?
/tənz ʌp/ To arrive or volume)
appear: "He Ans. Everyone yells
In this context, "turn turned up late." "Surprise!” Clothing: She
up" is a phrasal verb turned up the
that combines the "Can you turn 3. What is the reaction cuffs of her
verb "turn" with the up the music?" of the Tom? pants. (folded
preposition "up" to up)
Ans. Shocked and Form:
create a new meaning. delighted He turned up
The students may
the soil in the
4. Why did Tom feel not be able to
garden. (dug
shocked? understand that
up or
"turn up" is a phrasal
Ans. Because it was a overturned)
verb that combines
surprise for him the verb "turn" with He turned up
4. What happens to the the preposition "up" late to the
music at the party? to create a new party. (arrived)
meaning
Ans. It turns up
They may also get a
5. Who planned the confusion that turn
surprise party? up as to increase the
volume
Ans. Tom’s friends
Pronunciation:
students may not . Practice
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 use the correct rising intonation:
or falling intonation Rising or
when saying "turned falling
up". intonation?

students may put Listen and

equal stress on both repeat:
syllables or stress TURNed up?
the wrong syllable. or TURNed up.

Practice word
stress:
TURNed up

Listen and
repeat:
TURNed up

(G) References “Macmillan English Dictionary”, Macmillan Publishers Ltd. 2003 ; “Practical English
Usage”,
Michael Swan (OUP, 2006)

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Vocabulary. Target statement: __ feel bored (Elementary)
Context i.e. how will B) Context: Last weekend, Tim went to his grandparents' house in the countryside.
you convey meaning? It was a quiet and peaceful place, but he felt bored after a while.as there was no
internet, no TV, and no video games.

● Word/phrase Clarify Meaning Checking meaning Any problems with Solutions

● Phon script (e.g. (e.g. CCQs, extensions, M, F or P?
● Stress definition / timeline,
● Form pic /mime etc.) personalisation etc.)
D) Pron A) Meaning C) Checking (F) Problems 1. Clarify the
understanding difference
In natural speech, the To have a Meaning: between
words "feel" and feeling of Concept questions: "bored",
"bored" are often run tiredness, lack Confusing "bored"
1. Where did Tim go last with "boring "tired", and
together, making it of interest, or "sleepy".
sound like one word. disconnection weekend? Thinking "bored"
from means "tired" or Example:
/fiːl bɔːd/ 2. How would you "sleepy".
something, describe the "Bored means
E) Form often resulting countryside where Tim’s Assuming "bored" is you're not
in a desire for grandparents live? a negative emotion, interested or
Verb Phrase: Feel + something when it can also be excited, not
Adjective (bored) more 3. Why did the writer a neutral state. just sleepy!"
stimulating or feel bored at his Use visual aids
Grammar Form: Verb grandparents' house? Confusing "bored"
exciting. or examples to
+ Adjective with "unhappy" or illustrate the
Example: I feel bored. "depressed" concept of
boredom.
Verb: Feel Adjective:
Bored Example:
"Remember
Tense: Present Simple when you're
stuck in a long
line? That's
boredom!"

Emphasize
that boredom
is a normal
feeling that
can happen to
anyone.

Example:
"Even I feel
bored
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 Form: sometimes!
It's okay!"
Verb tense
consistency: Using
inconsistent verb
tenses, e.g., "I felt Use timelines
bored yesterday, but Practice verb
I feel boring today. tense
2 Modal verb conversion
misuse: Incorrectly 1. Explain
using modal verbs modal verb
like "can," "could," usage: Clarify
or "should" with the correct
"feel bored," e.g., "I usage of
can feel bored." modal verbs
3 .Sentence like "can,"
structure: Difficulty "could," and
constructing "should" with
grammatically "feel bored,"
correct sentences e.g., "I can feel
using "feel bored," bored when
e.g., "I feel bored." I'm alone."

2. Practice
correct modal
verb usage:
Provide
exercises
where
students use
modal verbs
correctly with
"feel bored,"
Highlight
common
mistakes

Practice
sentence
building:
Provide
exercises
where
students build
sentences
using "feel

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 Pronunciation: bored," e.g., "I
feel _____
1. Word stress: (bored)." 1.
Students may put Model correct
equal stress on both stress:
words ("FEEL bored") Emphasize the
instead of correct stress
emphasizing the first pattern ("FEEL
word ("FEEL bored"). bored") when
2. Consonant sound modeling the
difficulties: Students sentence.
may struggle with 2. Choral
the /f/ sound in repetition
"feel" or the /d/
sound in "bored". 3. Individual
practice:
3. Intonation: Provide one-
Students may use on-one
incorrect intonation practice for
patterns, such as students to
rising or falling focus on
intonation, instead correct stress.
of a neutral tone.

(G) References “Macmillan English Dictionary”, Macmillan Publishers Ltd. 2003 ; “Practical English
Usage”,
Michael Swan (OUP, 2000)

you might find this video useful: https://www.elt-training.com/httpwwwelt-

trainingcompageslibrary-language-related-task

to help you with pronunciation, use tophonetics.com

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