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Lesson 3

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18 views3 pages

Lesson 3

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oneclickcyberservice
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Magnetic Boundary Conditions

The magnetic boundary conditions are the conditions that the H (or B) field must satisfy at the
boundary between two different media. Consider the boundary between two media, 1 and 2, as
shown in the diagram below.

Applying Gauss’ law

솰ࣽ⿏

to the pillbox , i.e. Gaussian surface, and allowing we have

u u

Thus

u u

Or

u u

Since . This shows that the normal component of B is continuous at the boundary. It
also shows that the normal component of H is discontinuous at the boundary; H undergoes some
change at the interface.

Applying Ampere’s Circuital law


솰ࣽ t

to the closed path abcda, as shown below

we get

t u u t 솰 u 솰 u t

Where is the surface current on the boundary whose direction is assumed to be normal to the
path as shown in the diagram. As we have

t t

Thus

t t

Note: the assumption is that we have a current sheet at the interface defined by , whose units
are th.

In general (no assumptions on direction of K)

Where is the is a unit vector normal to the interface and is directed from medium 1 to
medium 2.
If the boundary is free of current or the media are not conductors (since K is free current density),
then , therefore

t t

And

t t

Considering the angles that the fields make with the normal to the interface as shown in the
diagrams, we have

cos u u cos

And

sin sin

Dividing the two equations and rearranging we get

tan
tan

This is the law of refraction for magnetic flux lines at a boundary with no surface current.

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