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Physics Holiday Homework PDF

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34 views4 pages

Physics Holiday Homework PDF

Uploaded by

reya0415panchal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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📐physics holiday homework 📖

Here’s a list of key definitions, laws, and principles that are typically covered in Class IX and X
Physics:

1. Motion

• Distance: Total length of the path travelled by an object.

• Displacement: The shortest path between the initial and final position of an object.

• Speed: Rate of change of distance. (Speed = Distance/Time)

• Velocity: Rate of change of displacement. (Velocity = Displacement/Time)

• Acceleration: Rate of change of velocity.

Important Equations of Motion:

1.

2.

3.

2. Force and Laws of Motion

• Force: A push or pull on an object that changes its state of motion or shape.

• Newton’s First Law (Law of Inertia): An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless
acted upon by a net external force.

• Newton’s Second Law: The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied
force. (Force = Mass × Acceleration; )

• Newton’s Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• Momentum: Product of mass and velocity. (Momentum = Mass × Velocity)

3. Gravitation
• Universal Law of Gravitation: Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a
force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the
square of the distance between them.

where is the gravitational constant.

• Acceleration due to Gravity (g): The acceleration experienced by an object due to Earth’s
gravitational pull. Value of .

Important Formulas:

• Weight:

• Gravitational potential energy:

4. Work, Energy, and Power

• Work: The product of force and displacement in the direction of force. (Work = Force ×
Displacement; )

• Energy: The ability to do work.

• Kinetic Energy: Energy possessed by a body due to its motion.

• Potential Energy: Energy possessed due to position or height.

• Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be
transformed from one form to another.

• Power: Rate of doing work. (Power = Work/Time; )

5. Sound

• Sound: A form of energy that travels in the form of waves through a medium.

• Frequency: The number of vibrations per second (measured in Hertz).

• Amplitude: Maximum displacement of particles from their mean position.

• Speed of Sound: Depends on the medium. Speed in air = 343 m/s.


• Echo: Reflection of sound.
where is the speed, is the frequency, and is the wavelength.

6. Electricity

• Electric Charge (q): Property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an
electric field.

• Current (I): The flow of electric charge per unit time.

• Voltage (V): The potential difference across two points.

• Resistance (R): A material’s opposition to the flow of electric current.

Ohm’s Law:

The current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across
the two points, provided the temperature remains constant.

7. Magnetism and Electromagnetism

• Magnetic Field: The region around a magnet where its magnetic force is experienced.

• Electromagnetic Induction: The production of an electromotive force (EMF) across an electrical


conductor when it is exposed to a changing magnetic field.

Faraday’s Law:

The induced EMF in a closed loop is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
through the loop.

8. Reflection and Refraction of Light

• Reflection: Bouncing back of light when it strikes a smooth surface.

• Law of Reflection: Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection.

• Refraction: Bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

• Snell’s Law:
where is the angle of incidence, is the angle of refraction, and is the refractive index.

This list covers the fundamental concepts you need to know. Be sure to understand these
thoroughly!

THANK YOU

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