UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Introduction MS Excel is a commonly used Microsoft Office application. It is a

spreadsheet program which is used to save and analyse numerical data.

 A spreadsheet or worksheet is a file made of rows and columns that help sort,
organize, and arrange data efficiently, and calculate numerical data.

What is MS Excel?

MS Excel is a spreadsheet program where one can record data in the form of tables. It is easy
to analyse data in an Excel spreadsheet. The image given below represents how an Excel
spread sheet looks like

Benefits of Using MS Excel:

 Easy To Store Data: Since there is no limit to the amount of information that can
be saved in a spreadsheet, MS Excel is widely used to save data or to analyse data.
Filtering information in Excel is easy and convenient.

 Easy To Recover Data: If the information is written on a piece of paper, finding

it may take longer, however, this is not the case with excel spreadsheets. Finding
and recovering data is easy.

 Application of Mathematical Formulas: Doing calculations has become easier

and less time-taking with the formulas option in MS excel

 More Secure: These spreadsheets can be password secured in a laptop or personal

computer and the probability of losing them is way lesser in comparison to data
written in registers or piece of paper.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Data at One Place: Earlier, data was to be kept in different files and registers
when the paperwork was done. Now, this has become convenient as more than
one worksheet can be added in a single MS Excel file.
 Neater and Clearer Visibility of Information: When the data is saved in the
form of a table, analysing it becomes easier. Thus, information is a spreadsheet
that is more readable and understandable.

1.EXCEL OPENING

Starting Excel-2010
Method 1: To start Excel-2010 click on the Start button of Windows-7, Microsoft Office
Program Group will be opened. Clicking Excel-2010 will start it

Method 2: First select the Start Button followed by Run, and then type Excel, press the
Enter key. Under Programs, clicking Microsoft Excel 2010 will open Excel-2010

The simplest way to start Excel is to double-click on the Excel shortcut available on the
desktop, but to perform this action the shortcut must be available on the desktop.

Important Elements of Excel

UNIT III SPREAD SHEET
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

2. ENTERING DATA AND FORMATTING

The Excel workbook consists of worksheets which inturn consists of cells. In every
Cell we can enter three types of data. 1) Number 2) Text and 3) Formula.
Entering Data
To enter data:
 Select the desired cell by using the mouse or arrow keys.
 Type the data in the selected cell.
 Press the Enter or arrow key.
 Excel interprets Date and Time as a number. Thus, 1-January-1900 is considered
as
1, 2-January-1900 as 2, and so on.
 By this, calculations can be done more easily on dates, for example: to know the
number of days between two dates it can be subtracted.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Changing the data

Once data has been entered in a cell, it can be changed in many ways:
 By deleting the data.
 Replacing the data with another data.
 Changing the data in the desired way.
 To delete data from the desired cell or cells, select one or more cells and then
press the Delete key. More than one cell (Range) can be selected by pressing the
Shift + Arrow keys or using the mouse (Keep the left mouse button clicked and
drag it on
the desired cells).
 To delete data by selecting Home → Editing → Clear. With the help of this we
can delete data and formatting, only format, only data, comment or hyperlink.

 To change the data within in a cell with new data, select the cell and type the new
data, the old data will be replaced with the new one.
 The edit mode of Excel gives us following options to change any specific data in a
cell:
 Double click on the cell
 Select the cell and press F2 key or
 When the cell is selected its contents are visible in formula bar, change the
contents in the formula bar and the change will be reflected in the cell.

Filling data series using Autofill

When the data comes in the form of series like 1, 2, 3… 10 or Sunday, Monday… Saturday
or January, February…, December or 01- Mar – 2014 to 31- Mar – 2014 etc.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Then we can use the Autofill option of Excel. To use the Autofill fill option, enter the initial
value and select the number of cells that are to be filled as shown in figure 1.13, then choose
Home → Editing → FillSeries

Series In: If you want to fill in horizontal direction then select Rows, or if a vertical fill
is to be done as shown in figure 1.13 then select Columns.

Type: To fill in series select Linear, to fill date select date, to multiply select Growth.

Date Unit: If Date is selected only then this last option will be visible.

Step Value: It shows the incremental value from initial value, while Stop Value displays the
last value. Alternatively enter first two values in the first and second cell, select both these
cells, a small plus sign (+) will be visible near the bottom right corner, this is known as fill
handle. Drag the mouse by keeping it on the handle, Excel will automatically fill values
based on the initial values.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Formatting a number with the help of ribbon

As shown in figure 1.16, the Home → Number group provides you the facility to format a
number. When a mouse pointer is kept on the desired option it shows a brief description
about it.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Formatting Number with the help of Format Dialog Box

 We can also do formatting with the help of Format Dialog box.
 To open the Format Dialog box, click on the button in the bottom right corner of the
Number Group in the Home Tab.

Formatting Text
 Home → Font group give options to apply formatting to the selected text in a cell
such as changing the font and style, to make it bold, italics, or to underline, to apply
border, to increase or decrease the font size, to change the font color of the cell as
well as to fill the cell with different color.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Home → Alignment group has options that allows the selected text to be aligned
horizontally (Alignment) and vertically, to move the text within a cell (Indent), to
show the text at a specific angle (Orientation), to merge or separate more than one cell
in different ways (Merge & Center), and to move the text to a new line so that it does
not move out of the cell (Wrap Text).

3. NAVIGATING EXCEL

Microsoft Excel has become a powerful tool used in businesses of all types. What started
(and is still used) as an accounting tool, the product now is ever-present in offices around the
world.

Mastering some key functions in Excel can help your users work more efficiently. Here’s a
look at 10 top navigation tips.

1. Use the Arrow

If you have lots of worksheets open (Excel lets you have as many as 1,000) in your
workbook, it can be difficult to find the one you need. On the bottom left are two black
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

arrows that can be used to scroll through the different worksheets to find the one you need.
Click on it and it becomes the active sheet. You can also use the Ctrl key with the arrows to
move to the first or last sheet.

Right-clicking on either of the arrows brings up a pop-up window with a complete list of your
worksheets. Click on the name and brings you to that worksheet.

2. Use the Shortcuts

The following shortcuts can save you time moving through your workbook:

 Ctrl + Page Down: Go to the next worksheet

 Ctrl + Page Up: Go to the previous worksheet

3. Right-Click to Manage Worksheets

Right-clicking on any worksheet brings up a list of helpful options. Here you can quickly
change the worksheet color, rename a worksheet, or copy or delete it.

4. Insert a New Worksheet

There are four ways to add a new worksheet to your workbook.

 Right-click on any worksheet tab and select the Insert option

 Shift + F11
 Click on the plus sign in a circle on the bottom right of the tab listings
 Go to the Home menu, go to the Cells section, click on Insert and select Insert Sheet

5. Delete a Worksheet

Right-clicking provides you with the option to delete a worksheet. If there’s data in the
worksheet a warning will appear. You can also go to the Home tab in the Cells group and
click on Delete and select Delete Sheet.

A word of warning about deleting sheets. You cannot undo a sheet deletion.

6. Rename a Worksheet

There are three options, from slowest to fastest:

 Go to the Home tab, click on the Cells group and the Format option. You’ll see a
choice to Rename Sheet. This will activate the name box for the sheet
 Right-click on the worksheet tab and choose the rename option
 Double-click on the worksheet tab

7. Add a Tab Color

Large workbooks can make it difficult to organize and find a needed worksheet. Adding color
tags to the worksheet tabs is a big help. Right-click on the tab, select Tab Color and choose
the shade you want.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

8. Move a Worksheet

This is a simple tip. To move a worksheet, click the tab and hold. A mouse pointer will
appear and you can move the tab to the spot you want.

9. Copy a Worksheet

When you need to copy a worksheet within the same workbook, copying and pasting is not
the best option. The copied data often does not look the same and can require a lot of time to
fix. Another option is to again click and hold the tab you want to copy, and hit the Ctrl key.
Move to the spot you want to add the copied worksheet and a new tab will be added.

To copy a worksheet to a new workbook, first open the destination workbook. Go to the
source workbook and the sheet you want to copy or move. Right-click anywhere and select
the Move or Copy option. Next, move to the destination workbook and choose the location.

One note: It’s best to copy the sheet you want, even if you want to move it, just in case it gets
misplaced. You’ll still have the original.

10. Group Worksheets

When you want to add headers and footers or formatting to multiple worksheets, Excel does
not have an intuitive solution. Using the Grouping function lets you handle several key tasks
that apply to more than one sheet, including:

 Page setups
 Printing
 Entering or editing data
 Formatting
 Moving, copying or deleting

To group sheets, select the first sheet you want in the group. Depress the Shift key and you
can select consecutive sheets you want to group. If sheets are not consecutive, use the Ctrl
key instead.

4. FORMULAS ENTERING

Microsoft Excel is a popular tool for managing data and performing data analysis. It is used
for generating analytical reports, business insights, and storing operational records. To
perform simple calculations or analyses on data, we need Excel formulas.

Even simple Excel formulas allow us to manipulate string, number, and date data fields.
Furthermore, you can use if-else statements, find and replace, mathematics and trigonometry,
finance, logical, and engineering formulas.

The basic formulas in Excel

are SUM(), MIN(), MAX(), AVERAGE(), COUNT(), POWER(), CEILING(), FLOOR(), C
ONCAT(), TRIM(), REPLACE(), SUBSTITUTE(), LEFT(), RIGHT(), MID(), UPPER(), LO
WER(), PROPER(), NOW(), TODAY(), DATEDIF(), VLOOKUP(), HLOOKUP(), and IF()
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

The SUM() formula performs addition on selected cells. It works on cells containing
numerical values and requires two or more cells.

In our case, we will be applying the SUM formula to a range of cells from C2 to C5 and
storing the result on C6. It will add 24, 23, 21, and 31. You can also apply this formula to
multiple columns.

=SUM(C2:C5)

2. MIN and MAX

The MIN() formula requires a range of cells, and it returns the minimum value. For example,
we want to display the minimum weight among all athletes on the E6 cell. The MIN formula
will search for the minimum value and show 60.

=MIN(E2:E5)

=MAX(E2:E5)

3. AVERAGE
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

The AVERAGE() formula calculates the average of selected cells. You can provide a range
of cells (C2:C5) or select individual cells (C2, C3, C5).

To calculate the average of athletes, we will select the age column, apply the average
formula, and return the result to the C7 cell. It will sum up the total values in the selected
cells and divide them by 4.

=AVERAGE(C2:C5)

. COUNT

The COUNT() formula counts the total number of selected cells. It will not count the blank
cells and different data formats other than numeric.

We will count the total number of athlete weights, and it will return 4, as we don’t have
missing values or strings.

=COUNT(E2:E5)

5. POWER
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

In the beginning, we learned to add power using “^”, which is not an efficient way of
applying power to a cell. Instead, we recommended using the POWER() formula to square,
cube, or apply any raise to power to your cell.

In our case, we have divided D2 by 100 to get height in meters and squared it by using the
POWER formula with the second argument as 2.

=POWER(D2/100,2)

6. CEILING and FLOOR

The CEILING() formula rounds a number up to the nearest given multiple. In our case, we
will round 3.24 up to a multiple of 1 and get 4. If the multiple is 5, it will round up the
number 3.24 to 5.

=CEILING(F2,1)

7. CONCAT

The CONCAT() Excel formula joins or merges multiple strings or cells with strings into one.
For example, if we want to join the age and sex of the athletes, we will use CONCAT. The
formula will automatically convert a numeric value from age to string and combine it.

“24”+“M” = “24M”
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

=CONCAT(C2,B2)

8. TRIM

TRIM() is used to remove extra spaces from the start, middle, and end. It is commonly used
to identify duplicate values in cells, and for some reason, extra space makes it unique.

=TRIM(A4)

Copying Formula in Excel

It is easy to copy a formula from one cell to another, avoiding entering it again and again and
saving time. We can easily copy the formula using various ways.

Suppose we have the following Excel sheet where the values from cells A2, B2, and C2, are
added in cell D2. We need to copy the formula from cell D2 to D3.

When copying the formula from cell D2, we must first select the specific cell. We must press
the right-click button and select the 'Copy' option to copy the entire cell content and the
formula. Alternately, we can also use the typical keyboard shortcut 'Ctrl + C' to copy
selected contents in Excel.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

The cell references are automatically adjusted as soon as we paste the copied formula into an
Excel cell. However, the formula remains the same as the one in the copied cell. Thus, in our
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

example, cell D3 has the same formula, but values are taken from cells A3, B3, and C3. The
cell references are self-adjusted to match the row number or column of the pasted cell.

Note: The self-adjustment only happens while using relative references or mixed references.
While dealing with absolute reference, the exact formula is copied. Thus, we must use
absolute cell references to copy formulas with the same/exact cell references.

Copying a Formula from one Excel cell to Multiple cells

When copying a formula to multiple cells, we can follow the same steps as the previous
method. We have to copy the cell with the formula using the "Ctrl+C" shortcut and then
paste it on the destination cells. However, we must select all the destination cells before
pasting the formula. To select multiple cells, we can click on the desired cells, one by one,
while holding down the Ctrl key. Also, we can hold down the Shift key while selecting
multiple contiguous cells and click on the first and last cells.

If we need to enter the formula in multiple cells, Excel also allows us to do the same with a
single keystroke. The method works for both adjacent and non-adjacent cells.

o First, we need to select all the cells to type the formula. We can select contiguous
cells using the drag feature of the mouse. Besides, we can click on each non-
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

contiguous cell while holding the Ctrl key to select non-adjacent cells.

o We need to press the F2 key to go to the Edit mode.

o Lastly, we must enter the formula in an editing mode and press the Ctrl and Enter
keys together (i.e., Ctrl + Enter).
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

This will copy the entered formula into all selected cells with adjusted relative cell
references.

Copying a Formula to Entire Row or Column

In Excel, copying formula from one cell to other respective cells throughout the entire row or
column is also possible. It is very easy to perform, no matter how many cells are in a row or
column.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

To copy a formula to an entire row, we must enter the formula in the first desired cell of the
corresponding row. Next, we must select the formula cell and move the mouse cursor to a
small square present at the bottom right corner of the respective cell. As soon as we reach the
square, our cursor will change to a black plus (+) sign. It is generally referred to as the Fill
Handle.

We need to click and hold on the fill handle and drag it to the left or right side over the cells
to copy the corresponding formula to destination cells.

In the above image, we need to drag to the right side of the cells from B5 to D5:

Advertisement

In the same way, we can drag the fill handle to the upside or downside for copying the
formula to the desired column. Also, we can double-click the fill handle to automatically
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

drag it till all the relative adjacent cells are filled. The formula will be copied to cells as far as
there is data to adjacent cells.

When copying the Excel formulas using the drag feature, cell references for copied formulas
are automatically adjusted based on relative locations of rows or columns. The results are
also calculated based on the adjusted references to the destination cells.

Step 1: Create a Dataset

In your excel sheet enter the dataset for which you want to make chart or graph. We are using
the following random sales data for different courses for Jan – Mar period.
Step 2: Select the Dataset
Select the entered dataset by drag and drop or by CTRL + A.
Step 3: Go to Insert and Select Recommended Charts

Go the Insert Tab and in the dropdown select chart of your choice from the Recommended
Charts. You can click on All charts option if can not find your desired chart.

There are various types of charts recommended by Excel. You can preview the chart before
applying it. Select the chart or graph that you desire and click on OK. These types of charts
are discussed below.
Type of Charts in MS Excel
Excel provides several charts or graphs that we can use to visualize and analyze the data in
different scenarios. Usually, we are required to choose the chart type depending on the data
we are required to analyze.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Chart
Type When To Use Example

 The column chart is used

to compare the values
Bar across different categories.
Chart  In the column chart, the
data value runs
horizontally across the
chart.

 The pie chart is used to

Pie quantify data values.
Chart  It represents the data in
percentage in a circular
graph.

 A column chart is used to

Column compare the values across
Chart different categories.
 The data values run
vertically across the chart.

 The line chart is used to

Line visualize the periodic
Chart trends.
 A certain period could be
days, months years, etc.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Chart
Type When To Use Example

 A combo chart is the

combination of two or
Combo
more charts.
Chart  This is used to highlight
the different types of
information.

 A surface chart is used for

Surface
an optimum combination
Chart of data between two kinds
of data points.

To give you insights of how to create charts or graphs in excel we are using Surface chart as
an example showing you the step by step procedure.
How to Create Surface Graph in MS Excel
Follow the steps to create Surface Graph in Excel:
Step 1: Highlight the Dataset
Select the dataset for which you want to draw the graph.
Step 2: Go to Insert and Select All Charts
Access the Insert tab and from the drop down click on All Charts option.
Step 3: Click on Surface Chart
Select the option of surface chart from the given graph options and click on OK.
How to Create Histogram in Excel
Follow the Steps to create Histogram in Excel:
Step 1: Highlight the Dataset
Select the dataset for which you want to draw the graph.
Step 2: Go to Insert and Select All Charts
Access the Insert tab and from the drop down click on All Charts option.
Step 3: Click on Histogram
Select the option of surface chart from the given graph options and click on OK.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Click on Histogram

After we insert the chart, Excel will automatically prepare the chart according to the dataset
and insert it into the sheet. In the similar fashion you can easily insert any graph of your
choice.

How to Format and Customize Your Excel Graphs

Formating the chart will enhance our chart or graph and also provide information that will
help to analyze the chart easily. You can format or customize chart by adding titles, axis,
labels, etc.
Here we are showing process of adding title and axis.
1. Adding Chart Title
Follow the steps given below to add chart title in Excel.
Step 1: Select the Inserted Chart
Step 2: Add Title
Add title to the chart by double-clicking on the Chart Title view and, add whatever title you
want.

2. Adding Axis
Follow the steps given below to add axis in Excel.
Step 1: Select the Inserted Chart.
Step 2: Click on the plus(+) button beside the chart.
Step 3: Check the axis titles checkbox, and add the axis name.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

3. Switching Row/Column
To rearrange the data presentation, you can switch the row and column layout of your chart.
This can be particularly useful when you want to display data series or categories differently.

4. Legend Position
The legend position provides valuable information about the data series in your chart. You
can customize the legend’s position to enhance chart clarity and presentation.
To move the legend to the right side of the chart, click the “+” button on the right side of the
chart, choose “Legend“, and then select “Right“.

5. Data Labels
Data labels draw attention to specific data points or series on your chart. By adding data
labels, you can provide context and emphasize crucial data points.
To add data labels, select the chart, click on the data series or point you want to label, and
then click the “+” button. Check the “Data Labels” option to display the labels.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

How to Change Chart Type

Excel gives you the feature to change the type of chart or graph after creating. Follow the
below steps to change the chart type in Excel:
Step 1: Select the chart
Click on the chart or graph you want to modify to select it. When the chart is selected, you
will see handles or bounding boxes around it, indicating that it’s active.
Step 2: Select the “Change Chart Type” Option
Navigate to the “Chart Design” tab in the Excel ribbon. In the “Type” group, click the
“Change Chart Type” button to open a gallery of available chart types.

Step 3: Choose a new Chart type

Browse through the chart-type options in the gallery and select the one that suits your needs.
For example, if you want to switch to pie chart, click on Pie chart.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Step 4: Confirm the Change

After selecting the change you require, click “OK” to apply the change. Your chart will be
instantly updated with the new chart type, providing useful when you want to display that
series or categories differently.

7.TABLE ANALYSIS IN EXCEL

A Table is a rectangular range of structured data. The key features are −

 Each row in the table corresponds to a single record of the data.

Example - Employee information.
 Each column contains a specific piece of information. Exmaple - The
columns can contain data such as name, employee number, hire date,
salary, department, etc.
 The top row describes the information contained in each column and is
referred to as header row.
 Each entry in the top row is referred to as column header.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

You can create and use an Excel table to manage and analyze data easily.
Further, with Excel Tables you get built-in Filtering, Sorting, and Row
Shading that ease your reporting activities.

Further, Excel responds to the actions performed on a table intelligently. For

example, you have a formula in a column or you have created a chart based
on the data in the table. When you add more data to the table (i.e., more
rows), Excel extends the formula to the new data and the chart expands
automatically.

Difference between Tables and Ranges

Following are the differences between a table and range −

 A table is a more structured way of working with data than a range.

 You can convert a range into a table and Excel automatically provides
−
o a Table Name
o Column Header Names
o Formatting to the Data (Cell Color and Font Color) for better
Visualization

Tables provide additional features that are not available for ranges. These
are −

 Excel provides table tools in the ribbon ranging from properties to

styles.
 Excel automatically provides a Filter button in each column header to
sort the data or filter the table such that only rows that meet your
defined criteria are displayed.
 If you have multiple rows in a table, and you scroll down the sheet so
that the header row disappears, the column letters in the worksheet
are replaced by the table headers.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 When you place a formula in any cell in a column of the table, it gets
propagated to all the cells in that column.
 You can use table name and column header names in the formulas,
without having to use cell references or creating range names.
 You can extend the table size by adding more rows or more columns
by clicking and dragging the small triangular control at the lower-right
corner of the lower-right cell.
 You can create and use slicers for a table for filtering data.

You will learn about all these Features in this Chapter.

Create Table

To create a table from the data you have on the worksheet, follow the given
steps −

Step 1 − Select the Range of Cells that you want to include in the Table. Cells
can contain data or can be empty. The following Range has 290 rows of
employee data. The top row of the data has headers.

Step 2 − Under the Insert tab, in the Tables group, click Tables. The Create
Table dialog box appears. Check that the data range selected in the Where is
the data for your table? Box is correct.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Step 3 − Check the My table has headers box if the top row of the selected Range
contains data that you want to use as the Table Headers.

Note − If you do not check this box, your table will have Headers – Column1,
Column2, …

Step 4 − Click OK.

 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Range is converted to Table with the default Style.

Step 5 − You can also convert a range to a table by clicking anywhere on the
range and pressing Ctrl+T. A Create Table dialog box appears and then you
can repeat the steps as given above.

Explore our latest online courses and learn new skills at your own pace. Enroll
and become a certified expert to boost your career.

Table Name

Excel assigns a name to every table that is created.

Step 1 − To look at the name of the table you just created, click table, click
on table tools – design tab on the Ribbon.

Step 2 − In the Properties group, in the Table Name box, your Table Name will
be displayed.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Step 3 − You can edit this Table Name to make it more meaningful to your
data.

Step 4 − Click the Table Name box. Clear the Name and type Emp_Data.

Note − The syntax rules of range names are applicable to table names.

Managing Names in a Table

You can manage table names just similar to how you manage range names
with Name Manager.

 Click the Table.

 Click Name Manager in the Defined Names group on Formulas tab.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

The Name Manager dialog box appears and you can find the Table Names in your
workbook.

You can Edit a Table Name or add a comment with New option in the Name
Manager dialog box. However, you cannot change the range in Refers to.

You can Create Names with column headers to use them in formulas, charts,
etc.

 Click the Column Header EmployeeID in the Table.

 Click Name Manager.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Click New in the Name Manager dialog box.

The New Name dialog box appears.

In the Name box, you can find the Column Header, and in the Refers
to box,you will find Emp_Data[[#Headers],[EmployeeID]].

As you observe, this is a quick way of defining Names in a Table.

PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

How to Prepare Financial Statements in Excel: with Easy Steps

Step 1 – Create a Balance Sheet

Part 1 – Create a Layout

 Create 3 individual sections for Assets, Liabilities, and Owner’s equity

and assign a cell to calculate the balance value.
 In the assets section, you can create 2 parts for current assets, fixed
assets, and other assets.
 In the liabilities section, there will be two sections for Current and
long-term liabilities.
Balance = Assets – Total Liabilities – Owner’s Equity
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Part 2 – Calculate Total Assets

 Use the SUM function to calculate the Total Current Assets, Total
Fixed Assets, and Total Other Assets.

Part 3 – Calculate Total Liabilities and Owner’s Equity:

 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Insertthe values of current and long-term liabilities and calculate their

totals.

 Insertthe values of the owner’s equity and sum them to calculate the
total.
 Calculate the total liabilities and owner equity value.

Part 4 – Calculate the Balance Amount:

 Subtract the total liabilities and owner’s equity from the value of the
total assets.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Here’s a sample balance sheet for a company.

Read More: How to Prepare Financial Statements from Trial Balance in Excel

Step 2 – Create the Income Statement Sheet

Part 1 – Calculate Total Revenue:

 Calculate the total sales value and subtract the value of the fewer
quality products from it.
 Add initial inventory, purchased goods and materials, and labor costs.
 Subtract the value of ending inventory from the total cost of goods.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 Calculatethe gross revenue by subtracting the total cost of

goods from the net sales.

Part 2 – Calculate Total Operating Expenses

 Addall relevant items here and sum them to calculate the total
operating expenses.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Part 3 – Calculate Net Profit

 Calculate interest expenses or profit, tax expenses, or anything else

that affects your profit.
 Add some items as Non–recurring items.
 Sum them to get the Net Profit value.

 You will get a complete Income Statement Sheet.

 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Read More: How to Create a Personal Financial Statement in Excel

Step 3 – Create Cash Flow Statement Sheet

Part 1 – Create a Layout:

 Createa layout to allocate the cash flow items into 3 different

categories for operations, investment activity, and financial activity.

Part 2 – Calculate Net Cash Flow of Operations:

 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

 You can receive cash from clients or many other sources and cash
be paid for many reasons like inventory, salary, administrative
expense, interest, expense, etc.
 Subtract the cash-paid value from the cash received value to get the
net cash flow of operations.

Part 3 – Calculate Net Cash Flow of Investments

 Theitems relevant to the assets of the company include properties,

machinery, loans, investment securities, etc.
 UNIT III SPREAD SHEET

Part 4 – Calculate Net Cash Flow of Financial Activities

 Include items like stock issuance, borrowings, dividends, etc.

 You will get the Cash flow statement of the company.