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HPC Seminar Report

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15 views2 pages

HPC Seminar Report

Uploaded by

gulshanj353
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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High-Performance Computing (HPC)

Seminar Report
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. History of High-Performance Computing
3. Key Concepts in HPC
4. HPC Architectures and Systems
5. Parallel Computing Models
6. Programming Tools and Languages for HPC
7. Scheduling and Resource Allocation in HPC
8. Performance Analysis and Optimization
9. Challenges and Pitfalls in HPC Programming
10. Future Trends in HPC
11. Conclusion
12. References

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1. Introduction
High-Performance Computing (HPC) involves the use of supercomputers and parallel
processing techniques for solving complex computational problems. These systems are
designed to deliver significant processing power and are essential in fields like scientific
simulations, climate modeling, molecular dynamics, and artificial intelligence.

HPC systems process vast amounts of data and execute millions of instructions per second.
The importance of HPC lies in its ability to solve problems that require intensive
computational power, such as weather forecasting, genome sequencing, and aerospace
engineering simulations. HPC systems enable researchers and engineers to test hypotheses
and models, reducing reliance on physical experiments and speeding up innovation.

2. History of High-Performance Computing


HPC has its roots in mathematics and physics, starting with calculations for ballistic tables
during the Manhattan Project. Early supercomputers were built in the 1960s and 1970s,
using mainframes from companies like IBM, Cray, and DEC. Over time, HPC evolved into
massively parallel systems using commodity hardware.

- 1960s-70s: Mainframes dominated computing during this era. Machines such as IBM's
System/360 and Cray's CDC 6600 provided the foundation for modern HPC systems. They
relied heavily on centralized processing units and sequential execution.
- 1980s: The introduction of vector processors, designed to handle operations on entire
arrays of data, revolutionized HPC. Systems like the Cray-1 delivered remarkable
performance gains by optimizing vector operations.
- 1990s: Commodity CPUs and Beowulf clusters became popular, enabling mass parallelism
and cost-effective scalability. NASA's 1994 Beowulf project was an important milestone,
demonstrating how commodity components could be combined to build powerful parallel
systems.
- 2000s: Systems like Jaguar and Roadrunner achieved petaflop performance, setting new
benchmarks for computational power. Roadrunner at Los Alamos combined traditional
processors with specialized Cell processors, achieving 1.7 petaflops.
- 2010s: The introduction of GPU-based architectures, exemplified by Tianhe-1A in China,
pushed performance beyond 4.7 petaflops. GPUs optimized parallel processing further,
accelerating applications in AI and machine learning.

... (continues with other sections)

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