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Alternating PYQ

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12 views5 pages

Alternating PYQ

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Alternating Current

(109

Alternating Current and


Alternating Voltage, Peak
and RMS Value of
Alternating
Through an Inductor and Current/Voltage, AG
Capacitor, Phasor Diagram,
AC Through a Series LCR
Circuits, Resonance, Power
in AC
Circuits-Power Factors

MCQ Multiple Choice Questions


(1 Mark)

An inductor, a capacitor and a


resistor are connected
6. A capacitor and an inductor are connected in two
in series acrosS an ac Source of voltage, If the
different ac circuits with a bulb glowing in each
freauency of the source is decreased gradually, the
of:
circuit. The bulb glows more brightly when: (2021]
reactance
[2023] (a) the number of turns in the inductor is increased
(a) both the inductor and the capacitor decreases.
(b) inductor decreases and the
(b) the separation between the plates of the
capacitor increases.
capacitor is increased
() both the inductor and the capacitor increases.

d inductor increases and the capacitor


decreases.
(c) an iron rod
(d) a dielectric
is

is
introduced into the inductor
introduced into the gap between
2. An ac voltage v = Vo Sin ot is applied to a series the plates of the capacitor
combination of a resistor R and an element X. 7. A pure inductor of 318 mH and a pure resistor of
The instantaneous current in the circuit is 75 Q are connected to an acsource of 50 Hz.
in series

I=I,sin (ot + Then which of the following is The voltage across 75 Q resistor is found to be 150 V.
correct?
[2023] The source voltage is: [2021]

(a) X is a capacitor and X = /2 R (a) 150 V


(6) X is an inductor and X, = R (b) 175 V
(c) X is an inductor and X, = V2R (c) 220 V

(d) X is a capacitor and X =R (d) 250 V


3. An jdeal inductor is connected across an AC source 8. The frequency of an ac source for which a 10 uF
of voltage. The current in the circuit [2023] capacitor has a reactance of 1000 2 is: [2021]

(a) is ahead of the voltage in phase by I.


1000
(a) Hz (b) 50 Hz
(b) lags voltage in phase by
(c) is ahead of voltage in phase by /2. 50 100
(c) Hz (d) Hz
(d) lags voltage in phase by x/2. T
4. What is the ratio of inductive and capacitivereactance 9. Which one of the following is true? [2021]
of an ac circuit? [2023] (a) An inductor has infinite resistance in dc circuit.
(a) o²LC (b) LC² (b) A inductor and a capacitor both cannot conduct
in a dc circuit.
LC
(c) (d) oL (c) A capacitor can conduct in a dc circuit but not
an inductor.
5. In a series LCR circuit, the capacitance is changed (d) An inductor can conduct in a dc circuit but not
from Cto C/4. For the resonant frequency to remain
a capacitor.
unchanged, the inductance should be changed from 10. The powerfactor of a series LCR circuit at resonance
L to nL,where n is: [2023(C)]
will be
[2020]
1

(9) (b) 2 (a) 1 (6) 0


1

(d)
(c) 4
(110 Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Physics)-12

SA Short Answer Type [l] Questions


(2
II. An inductor L 04 H, acapacitor C= 10 F and 14. In a series LCR circuit,
Matksy
a R=
resistor 400 Q are connected in series to an under which (i) the theobtain

ac source V= 40 + n/3) impedance conditions of


sin (1000 volt. Calculate minimum, and (ii) wattless the

t
the Current circuit
circuit. is
flows in
the
(a) impedance of the circuit, and
(b) peak value of
15. In a series LCR circuit (2014
current. |2020(C)| with an ac
A
cffective voltage 50 V, sourCe of
12. light bulb is in turm connccted in a series (a) across R= C= 20 uF frequency v
an LR circuit. (b) across an RC circuit, with an ac rms
300 9,

current in the circuit.


and L=10H.
Findthe
source. Explain, giving necessary mathematical
16. A circuit is
formula, the effect on the brightness of the bulb in up by set (2014,
connecting
case (a) and (b), when the frequencyof the ac source
L= 100 mH, resistor R =
100 2 inductance )
reactance 200 and a
is increased.
of
2in series.
[2019(C)] An capacitor
of 150/2 V, 500/ Hz is
13. A light bulb and a solenoid are connected in series applied
alternating emf
across this serie
across an acsource of voltage. combination. Calculate
Explain, how the glow the power
the resistor. dissípated i
of the light bulb will be affected when an iron rod is
inserted in (2014)
the solenoid. [2017]

SA Short Answer Type [ll] Questions


(3Marks)
17. How does the resistance from impedance? differ voltage drops across the
With the help of a suitable resistor and the capacitor.
phasor diagram, obtain (üi)Is the algebraic sum of
anexpression for impedance of a series LCR circuit, these voltages more than
the source voltage? If yes,
Connected to a source Sin ot. v=V A
solve the paradox. (20231

Findthe condition for resonance in a series


[2023] 22. series LCR circuit with R =20 2,L =2H and
18.
LCR C= 50 uF is connected to a 200 volts ac
circuitconnected to a source V sin t, where o v= of variable frequency. What is (i) the amplitude
source

can be varied. Give the factors on which the resonant

of
the current, and (ü) the average power
transferred
frequency of a series LCR circuit depends. Plot a to the circuit in one complete cycle, at resonance?
graph showing the variation of electric current with
(üi)Calculate the potential drop across the
frequency in a series LCR circuit. [2023]
capacitor.

(20231

19. A resistor of 50 2,a capacitor of uF and an


23. An alternating voltage of 220 V is applied acros
a device X.A current of 0.22 A flows in the
inductor of H are connected in series acrOSS and
circuit

it behind the applied voltage in phase by


lags

an ac source whose voltage (in volt) is given by


T/2radian. When the same voltage is applied acros
V= 70sin (100 ). Calculate: another device Y, the current in the circuit remains
(a) the net reactance of the circuit, the same and it is in phase with the applied voltage.

(6)the impedence of the circuit,


(a) Name the devices and Y and, X
(c) the effective value of current (b) Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when
in the circuit.

[2023|
the same voltage is applied across the sertes

20. An ac source y =y combination of and Y. X [20231


sin of is connected across an
ideal capacitor.
24. A current of lA flows through a coil when its
connected across a DC battery of 100 V. D
If
Derive the expression for the (i) current flowing in
the circuit, and (ii) reactanceof the battery is replaced by an AC source of 100 V and

graph of current
capacitor, Plot a
angular frequency 100 rad the current reduces s,
versus of. to 0.5 A. Find
i
[20231

21. A resistor of 30 2 and a capacitorof 250 are


(a) impedance of the circuit.
(b) self-inductance of coil.
connected in series to a 200 V, 50 Hz ac source.
between the voltage and he
Calculate (C) phase difference
(i) the current in the circuit, and (iü) (2023)
current.
(111)
Alternating Current
shows a capacitor C, a variable
The figure resistor
variation of the net
a bulb connected in series to the ac (i) Plot a graph showing
Rand source of
of this series combination of X
(v). The bulb glows with some impedance
frequency brightness.
and Y as a function of the angular frequency
[2019]
(og)e of the applied voltage.

R 28. the value of the phase difference


(a) Find
in the
between the current and the voltage
series LCR circuit shownbelow. Which one

leads in phase :current or voltage?


HOw will the glow of the bulb be affected, if the Without making any other change, find the
(b)
(a) separationbetween the plates ofthe capacitoris value of the additional capacitor C,, to be
doubled,keeping resistance R and frequency (v) connected in parallel with the capacitor C,
the same?
in order to make the power factor of the
(b) resistance R is decreased keeping the value of
circuit unity.
capacitance C and, frequency (v) same?
L=100 mH C=2 uF R=400
(c)frequencyof ac SOurce is decreased for the same 2

value ofC and R? Justify your answer in each HE


case.
[2023(C)]

26. A voltage V= V sin of is applied to a series LCR


ircuit. Derive the expression for the average power
dissipated over a cycle.
(2017]
Under what condition is (i) no power dissipated
V=V,sin (1000 t +¢)
even though the current flows through the circuit.
29. A source of ac voltage V =V,sin ot, is connected
()maximum power dissipated in the circuit? [2019) across a pure inductor of inductance L. Derive
27. When a circuit element X is connected acrosS an ac the expressions for the instantaneous current in

source, a current of V2 A flows through it and this the circuit. Show that average power dissipated
current is in phase with the applied voltage. When in the circuit is zero. [2017]

another element Y is connected across the same ac 30. An inductor L of inductance X, is connected in
source, the same current flows in the circuit but it series B
with a bulb and an ac source. How would
leads the voltage by radians.
brightness of the bulb change when (i) number of
(1) Name the circuit elements X andY. turn in the inductor is reduced, (i) an iron rod
is inserted in the inductor and
(ü) Find the current that flows in the circuit when (ii) a capacitor
the series combination of Xand Yis connected of reactance X = X, is inserted in series in the
across the same ac voltage. circuit. Justify your answer in each case. [2015]

LA Long Answer Type Questions (5Marks)

31. (a) Show that an ideal inductor does not dissipate i) Calculate the self-inductance of the
power in an ac circuit. inductor.

(b) The variation of inductive reactance (X,) of an (iü) When this inductor is used in series with
inductor with the frequency of the ac source ) a capacitor of unknown value and a
of 100 V and varable frequency is shown in the resistor of 10 at 300 2 maxmum power s,
fig. dissipation occurs in the circuit. Calculate
the capacitance of the capacitor. [2020]
32. (a) In a series LCR circuit connected across an
60
a.c. source of variable frequency, obtain the
40 expression for its impedance and draw a plot
showing its variation with frequency of the
a.c. source.

(6) What is the phase difference between the


voltagesacross inductor and the capacitor at
100 200 300
resonance in the circuit? LCR
f(in Hz)
(112) Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Phlysics)-12.

(c) When an inductor is connected to a 200 V 35. A device Xis


de voltage, acurrent of 1 A flows through it. connected
When the same inductor is connected to a
VV,in ot, The
And power in variaion of
200 V, 50 Hz a.c, sourco,only 0.5 A current onecycle
flows. Explain, why? Also, calculate the self nph.
inductance of the inductor. (20191
33. Adevice X
connectedacross an acsource
is
of voltage
V= V, sin o. The current through X is given as

(a) ldentify the


devicec Xand write the expression
for its reactance.

(b) Draw graphs


showing variation of
voltage and
current with time
over one cycle of ac, (a)
(c) How does the
for X. ldentify thedevice X,
reactance of the device X
vary (b)Which of the
with frequency
of the ac?
Show this variation
curves A, B and Creprenb
graphically. voltage, current
(d) Draw the
and the power
phasor diagram the circuit?
onsumed
for the device X. Justify your answer
(c) How does
34. (a) Draw (2018) its
graphs showing impedance vary
the variations of thenc with
frequeney
inductive of
reactance and capacitive source? Show graphically,
with reactance (d) Obtain an
frequency of the
applied ac source. expression
(b) Draw the for the curent in the
phasor diagram circuit and its phase
circuit
for a series RC
connected to an ac relation with acvoltsgs
(c) An source,
alternating
across a
voltage of 220 V
X,a
device
is applicd 36. (a)Prove that the
which lag behind
current of 0.25 A
flows, current flowing
the applied idealinductor through an
voltage in connected ACrOSS A6
by phase
2 radian. If the same lags the
voltage in phase
SOuI6,
voltage is
across applied by
another device Y, the same (b) An
flows but inductor of self
now it is in
current induetance 100 mll, and
phase with the a bulb are
voltage. applicd connected in series
with aE,SOUTE
(i) Name the of rms
devices X and Y.
voltage 10 50 HZ, It
V,
is
(ii)
found that
Calculate the cffcctive
current flowing
voltage ofthecircuit leads the current
circuit when in the in phase by
thesamevoltage
across the series is 4 Caleulate the
inductanceofthe
applicd
Y. combinationof X and inductor used and
aVerage power
(2018(C)1 in the circuit, if a dissipated
current of Aflows in the
1
circuit.
(201701
Transformers and their
SA
Applications, AC Generator
Short AnswerType [il]
Questions
1. The primary and
the
step-down secondary coils of an
ideal
(3Marks)
transformer consist of
turns
respectively,. When
650and 25 VyObtain an expression
the primary coil for thevoltags
transformer is
connectedto 240 V of this In its V, induced
in the mains, the sccondarycoil havingN,
primary coil is 1,5 current main sources of turns. Mention
(a) the voltage A., Calculate
: (20231
power l086 two
in real
across the transformers
(b) the current secondary coil 3.
in the (a) Write the (2023|
secondarycoil
(c) the average
power delivered to Derive
principle

the exCxpression
of working of se n
generatot
2. The primary the output
circuit for the induced emf
coil generated in
having N, turns of
it.
transformer is supplied an ideal
(0) Write the function
with an of slip rings
alternating in an ae
voltage generatet
(20231
Alternating Current (113)

4 In a step-up voltage transformer, explain giving


facts : (i) Alternating emf versus time generated by
reasons, the following
currentt is lessthan theinput loop of wire a magnetic
(a) The output
a rotating in field.
current.
(2019]
(b) The iron core is laminated.

more thanthe 6. (a) Name the device used to change the alternating
Theinput power is
output power.
(c)
voltage to a higher or lower value. State one
(2020(C)1

Draw a schematic sketch of an ac cause for power dissipation in this device.


generator
()Explain with an
5.
deseribing its basic clements. State briefly its example, how power loss is

reduced if the energy is transmitted over long


working principle. Show a plot of variation of
distances as an alternating current rather than
() Magnetic, flux and
a direct current. [2018]

LA Long Answer Type Questions


(5 Marks)

1. (a) With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the transformer. Obtain the relation between
principle and working of an ac generator. Hence,
input and output voltages in terms of the
obtain an expression for the instantaneous value
number of turns of primary and secondary
of the emf generated. windings and the currents in the input and
(b) The coil of an ac generator consists of 100 turns output circuits.
of wire, each of area 0.5 m². The resistance
(b) Given the input current 15 A and the input
of the wire is 100 2. The coil is rotating in
voltage of 100 V for a step-up transformer
a magnetic field of 0.8 T perpendicular to its
having 90% efficiency, find the output power
axis of rotation, at a constant angular speed of and the voltage in the secondary if the output
60 radian per second. Calculate the maximum current is 3 A. [2017]

emf generated and powerdissipated in the coil. 11. (a) Write the function of a transformer. State
[20231
its principle of working with the help of a
8. (a) State the principle of workingofa transformer. diagram. Mention various energy loSses in
(b) Define efficiency of a transformer. this device.

(c) State any two factors that reduce the efficiency (b) The primary coil of an ideal step-uptransformer
of a transformer. has 100 turns and transformation ratio is
(d) Calculate the current drawn by the primary also 100. The input voltage and power are
of a 90% efficient transformer which steps respectively 220 V and 1100 W. Calculate
down 220 V to 22 V, if the output resistance () number of turns in secondary,
is 440 Q. [2018(C)|
(ii) current in primary,

9. (a) Draw the diagram of a device which is used (üi) voltage across secondary,
to decrease high a.c. voltage into a low a.c.
(iv) current in secondary,
voltage and state its working principle. Write
(V) power in secondary. [2016]
four sources of energy loss in this device.
12. (a) Draw a
labelled diagram of a step-down
(b) A small town with a demand of 1200 kW
transformer. State the principle of its
of electric power at 220 V is situated 20 km
working.
away from an electric plant generating power
at 440V. The resistance of the two wire line (b) Express the turn ratio in terms of voltages.

carrying power is 0.5 W per km. The town gets (c) Find the ratio of primary and secondary
the power from the line through a 4000-220 V currents in terms of turn ratio in an ideal
step-down transformer at a sub-station in the transformer.

town. Estimate the line power loss in the form (d) How much current is drawn by the primary
of heat. [2019]
of a transformer connected to 220 supply V
0. (a) Describe, with the help of a suitable when it delivers power to a 110 V -550W
diagram, the working principle of a step-up refrigerator? [2016]

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