[1] Answer any 4 out of given 6 questions:

(i) SMART method can be used to set goals to make you successful in your career and personal life.
What does ‘A’ in SMART stand for?

(a) Abrupt

(b) Accountable

(c) Achievable

(d) Admirable

Ans:

c) Achievabale

(ii) Which of the following is not a key element of self-management skills ?

(a) Prioritising your work

(b) Not taking feedback

(c) Goal setting

(d) Staying updated about new practices

Ans:

b) Not taking feedback

(iii) Which of the following is a quality of successful entrepreneurs?

(a) Hardworking

(b) Resistance to change

(c) Lazy

(d) Less-confident

Ans:

a) Hardworking

(iv) The most important software in any computer is the ______________. This is the software that
starts working as soon as we switch on a computer.

(a) Web Browsers

(b) Operating System

(c) Office Software

(d) Designing Software

Ans:

b) Operating System

(v) Which of the following types of communication takes place when one individual addresses a large
gathering?

(a) Written communication

(b) Public communication

(c) Small group communication

(d) Interpersonal communication

Ans:

b) Public Communication

(vi) Assertion (A) : Organic farming technique is an example of a green skill that is essential for
sustainable agriculture.

Reason (R) : Organic farming technique prioritise environment friendly and sustainable practices such
as using natural fertilisers, avoiding synthetic pesticides and promoting soil health.

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Ans:

a) Both (A) and (R) true and (R) is correct explanation for (A)

[2] Answer any 5 out of given 6 questions:

(i) Which of the following contributes to the efficiency of an Al project ?

(a) High Model Complexity

(b) Relevant and Authentic Training Data

(c) Minimal Preprocessing

(d) Limited Hardware Resources

Ans.: b) Relevant and Authentic Training data

(ii) This real life application of NLP is used to provide an overview of a news item or blog post, while
avoiding redundancy from multiple sources and maximising the diversity of content obtained. Which
is this application ?

(a) Chatbot

(b) Virtual Assistant

(c) Sentiment Analysis

(d) Automatic Summarisation

Ans.: d) Automatic Summarisation

(iii) Which of the following represent a machine that is smart but not considered Artificial
Intelligence (Al) enabled ?

(a) A robotic vacuum cleaner that can navigate and clean floors autonomously.

(b) A chatbot that engages in natural language conversations and answers questions.

(c) A smartphone with facial recognition for unlocking the device.

(d) A digital alarm clock that rings at a set time every morning.

Ans.: d) A digital alarm clock that rings at a set time every morning

(iv) Which of the following words represent an example of a lemma resulting from lemmatisation for
“carinž’ in context to Natural Language Processing (NLP) ?

(a) Care

(b) Cared

(c) Cares

(d) Car

Ans.: a) Care

(v) Intrapersonal Intelligence is a concept that:

(a) Measures an individual’s ability to understand others’ emotions and feelings.

(b) Assesses one’s proficiency in mathematics and logical reasoning.

(c) Describes the level of self-awareness someone has, starting from realizing weaknesses, strengths,
to recognizing their own feelings.

(d) Evaluate an individual’s spatial navigation and visualization skills.

Ans.: c) Describes the level of self-awareness someone has, starting from realizing weakness,
strengths to recognizing their own feelings

(vi) For Data Science, usually the data is collected in the form of tables. These tabular datasets can be
stored in different formats. Which of the following formats is not used for storing data in a tabular
format?

(a) CSV

(b) Website

(c) SQL

(d) Spreadsheet

Ans.: b) Website
[3] Answer any 5 out of given 6 questions:

(i) __________ is one of the parameters for evaluating a model’s performance and is defined as the
fraction of positive cases that are correctly identified.

(a) Precision

(b) Accuracy

(c) Recall

(d) F1

Ans.: c) Recall

(ii) In the Al project cycle, which of the following represents the correct order of steps ?

(a) Data Exploration, Problem Scoping, Modelling, Evaluation, Data Acquisition.

(b) Problem Scoping, Data Acquisition, Data Exploration, Modelling, Evaluation.

(c) Modelling, Data Acquisition, Evaluation, Problem Scoping, Data Exploration.

(d) Data Acquisition, Data Exploration, Problem Scoping, Modelling, Evaluation.

Ans.: b) Problem Scoping, Data Acquisition, Data Exploration, Modelling, Evaluation

(iii) _________ is a concept to unify statistics, data analysis, machine learning and their related
methods in order to understand and analyse actual phenomena with data.

(a) Computer Vision

(b) Natural Language Processing

(c) Data Science

(d) Computer Science

Ans.: c) Data Science

(iv) In computer vision which of the following tasks is used for multiple objects?

(a) Classification

(b) Classification + Localisation

(c) Instance Segmentation

(d) Localisation

Ans.: c) Instance Segmentation

(v) In spam email detection, which of the following will be considered as “False Negative”?

(a) When a legitimate email is accurately identified as not spam.

(b) When a spam email is mistakenly identified as legitimate.

(c) When an email is accurately recognised as spam.

(d) When an email is inaccurately labelled as important.

Ans.: b) When a spam email is mistakenly identified as legitimate

(vi) Which of the following applications is not associated with Natural Language Processing (NLP)?

(a) Sentiment Analysis

(b) Speech Recognition

(c) Spam Filtering in emails

(d) Stock Market Analysis

Ans.: d) Stock Market Analysis

[4] Answer any 5 out of the given 6 questions:

(i) Statement 1 : Confusion matrix is an evaluation metric.

Statement 2 : Confusion Matrix is a record which helps in evaluation.

(a) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct.

(b) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are incorrect.

(c) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect

(d) Statement 2 is correct and Statement 1 is incorrect

Ans.: d) Statement 2 is correct and statement 1 is incorrect

(ii) Which form of unsupervised learning does the following diagram indicate ?

(a) Clustering

(b) Regression

(c) Reinforcement learning

(d) Classification

Ans.: a) Clustering

(iii) Bag of Words is a __________ model which helps in extracting features out of the text which can
be helpful in machine learning algorithms.

(a) Data Science (DS)

(b) Virtual Reality (VR)

(c) Natural Language Processing (NLP)

(d) Computer Vision (CV)

Ans.: c) Natural Language Processing (NLP)

(iv) Which of the following represents an example of a recommendation system ?

(a) An online clothing store that offers a wide variety of clothing options.

(b) A search engine that retrieves relevant web pages based on user queries.

(c) An e-commerce website that displays customer reviews and ratings for products.

(d) A music streaming platform that suggests songs and playlists based on user listening history.

Ans.: d) A music streaming platform that suggests songs and playlists based on user listening
history

(v) Name any two search engines.

Ans.:
1) Google
2) Bing
3) Yahoo
4) Ask.com
5) DuckDuckGo
6) AOL

(vi) What is the primary need for evaluating an Al model’s performance in the Al Model Development
process?

(a) To increase the complexity of the model.

(b) To visualize the data.

(c) To assess how well the chosen model will work in future.

(d) To reduce the amount of data used for training.

Ans.: c) To assess how well the chosen model will work in future

[5] Answer any 5 out of the given 6 questions:

(i) Assertion (A) : The term used to refer to the number of pixels in an image is resolution.

Reason (R) : Resolution in an image denotes the total number of pixels it contains, usually
represented as height x width.

(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).

(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct exþfanation for (A).

(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Ans.: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation for (A).
There is confusion between options A and C in this answer as image resolution given in study
material as width x height.
(ii) When a machine possesses the ability to mimic human traits, i.e., make decisions, predict the
future, learn, and improve on its own, it is said to have :

(a) Computational Skills

(b) Learning Capability

(c) Artificial Intelligence

(d) Cognitive Processing

Ans.: c) Artificial Intelligence

(iii) Statement 1 : To evaluate a models’ performance, we need either precision or recall.

Statement 2 : When the value of both Precision and Recall is 1, the F1 score is 0.

(a) Both statement 1 and statement 2 are correct.

(b) Both statement 1 and statement 2 are incorrect.

(c) Statement 1 is correct, but statement 2 is incorrect.

(d) Statement 1 is incorrect, but statement 2 is correct.

Ans.: b) Both statement 1 and statement 2 are incorrect

(iv) The concept of is _________ used to apply face filters on various social media platforms.

(a) NLP

(b) Computer Vision

(c) Data Science

(d) Block chain Technology

Ans.: b) Computer Vision

(v) The 4 W’s Problem Canvas helps in identifying the key elements related to the given problem.

Which of the following is NOT one of the blocks of the Problem Canvas ?

(a) When

(b) Where

(c) What

(d) Why

Ans.: a) When

(vi) Which domain of Al is used for interacting with virtual assistants such as Siri and Alexa ?

(a) Machine Learning (ML)

(b) Computer Vision (CV)

(c) Natural Language Processing (NLP)

(d) Technical Vision (TV)

Ans.:c) Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Section B

Answer any 3 out of given 5 questions on Employability Skills. Answer each question in 20-30
words.

[6] Give any two examples of how individual choices and behaviours can contribute in achieving
sustainable development.

Ans.: The core skills required by a person who wants to contribute towards environment include
environmental
awareness and willingness to learn about sustainable development. If we are responsible about our
life, then we will do our best at home, in school and at our workplace to help the environment and
the people around us.

[7] List any two common misconceptions about entrepreneurship.

Ans.:
1. Every business idea needs to be unique or special
2. A person needs a lot of money to start a business
3. Only a person having a big business is an entrepreneur
4. Entrepreneurs are born, not made

[8] What is the importance of time management in effectively dealing with stress? Provide any one
strategy for improving time management skills to reduce stress.

Ans.:
Time management is the ability to plan and control how you spend the hours of your day well and
do
all that you want to do.It helps in completing the task on time, making a good gauess how long it
will take to do something.
To improve time management skills the following strategy can be adopted:
1. Avoid Delay or posponing the planned activity
2. Organize the room and desk
3. Develop a “NO DISTURBANCE ZONE”
4. Use waiting time productively
5. Prepare a to-do list
6. Prioritize things
7. Replace useless activities with productive activities

[9] Mention any two measures that individuals or organisations can take to protect their data from
theft and viruses.

Ans.:
1. Use strong password to login
2. Install antivirus and firewall
3. Encypt Data
4. Secure sites
[10] The method of communication that you choose could affect the relationship with your peers,
superiors and customers. Write the four factors on the basis of which you can choose the right
method of communication.

Ans.:
1. Target Audience
2. Costs
3. kind/type of information
4. urgency/priority

Answer any 4 out of given 6 questions in 20-30 words each.

[11] Differentiate between Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning(DL).

[12] What are primary difference between Script-bots and Smart-bots?

Ans.: Script bot works aroung a script which is programed in them and no or little language
processing skills whereas Smart bot works on bigger databases and other resources directly and
coding is required to take this up on board.

[13] What do you mean by Evaluation of an Al model ? Also explain the concept of overfitting with
respect to Al model Evaluation.

Ans.: Evaluation is the process of understanding the reliability of any AI model, based on outputs
by feeding test dataset into the model and comparing with actual answers.

Overfitting refers to the predictions given accurate by the model for training data but not for new
data. When the model does not make correct predictions on testing data is called overfitting.

[14] For a healthcare organisation’s objective of predicting disease outbreaks and efficiently
allocating resources through the analysis of medical records, would you recommend using
supervised learning or unsupervised learning as the preferred machine learning approach? Explain
your choice briefly.

Ans.: The unsupervised learning approach is preferred to predict the disease outbreaks and
efficiently allocating resources though the analysis of medical records. It can automatically identify
odd patterns in patient data and predicts the untreated conditions or diseases. In predicting
disease outbreak the healthcare professionals don’t have any information regarding that.

[15] What role does data play in Al based applications? Name any two sources of online data
collection for building any Al based application.

Ans.: Data plays an important role in AI based applications. AI based applications requries data to
predict the results. Data helps getting the accurate predictions.
The online data collecetion can be done using:
1. Open Source Government Portals
2. Reliable Websites such as kaggle
3. World Organizations open-source statistical website.

[16] Differentiate between grayscale and RGB images.

Answer any 3 out of given 5 questions in 50-80 words each

[17] What are Neural networks ? Briefly explain all the layers of a neural network.

Ans.: Neural networks are loosely modelled after how neurons in the human brain behave. The key
advantage of neural networks is that they are able to extract data features automatically without
needing the input of the programmer. A neural network is essentially a system of organizing
machine learning algorithms to perform certain tasks. It is a fast and efficient way to solve
problems for which the dataset is very large, such as in images.

A Neural Network is divided into multiple layers and each layer is further divided into several
blocks called nodes. Each node has its own task to accomplish which is then passed to the next
layer.

Input Layer:
The first layer of a Neural Network is known as the input layer. The job of an input layer is to
acquire data and feed it to the Neural Network. No processing occurs at the input layer.

Hidden Layer:
The next layers after input layer are the hidden layers. Hidden layers are the layers in which the
whole processing occurs. Their name essentially means that these layers are hidden and are not
visible to the user. Each node of these hidden layers has its own machine learning algorithm which
it executes on the data received from the input layer. The processed output is then fed to the
subsequent hidden layer. of the network. There can be multiple hidden layers in a neural network
system and their number depends upon the complexity of the function for which the network has
been configured. Also, the number of nodes in each layer can vary accordingly.

Output Layer:
The last hidden layer passes the final processed data to the output layer which then gives it to the
user as the final output. Similar to the input layer, output layer too does not process the data
which it acquires. It is meant for user-interface.

[18] Give any four examples of applications of Al that we see around us.
Ans.: The applications of AI as follows:
1. Search Engines: Search engines using AI to respond our queries with accurate answers. Not only
does it come up with results to our search in a matter of seconds, it also suggests and auto-corrects
our typed sentences.

2. Virtual Assistants: We nowadays have pocket assistants that can do a lot of tasks at just one
command. Alexa, Google Assistant, Cortana, Siri are some very common examples of the voice
assistants which are a major part of our digital devices.

3. Navigation Apps: To help us navigate to places, apps like UBER and Google Maps come in haman.
Thus, one no longer needs to stop repeatedly to ask for directions.

4. Gaming: AI has completely enhanced the gaming experience for its users. A lot of games nowadays
are backed up with AI which helps in enhancing the graphics, come up with new difficulty levels,
encourage gamers, etc.

5. Reccommendation websites: AI has not only made our lives easier but has also been taking care of
our habits, likes, and dislikes. This is why platforms like Netflix, Amazon, Spotify, YouTube etc. show
us recommendations on the basis of what we like.

6. Social Media websites: the recommendations are not just limited to our preferences, they even
cater to our needs of connecting with friends on social media platforms with apps like Facebook and
Instagram. They also send us customized notifications about our online shopping details, auto-create
playlists according to our requests and so on. Taking selfies was never this fun as Snapchat filters
make them look so cool.

7. Health Sector: AI is also being used to monitor our health. A lot of chatbots and other health apps
are available, which continuously monitor the physical and mental health of its users.

[19] Consider the following two documents.

Document 1 : ML and DL are part of Al.

Document 2 : DL is a subset of ML.

Implement all four steps of the Bag of Words (BOW) model to create a document vector table.
Depict the outcome of each step.

Ans.:

Step 1: Collecting data and preprocess it.

Here two documents are given. Each document has one sentence each. After text normalization the
text looks likes this:

Document 1: [ML, and, DL, are, part, of, Al]

Document 2: [DL, is, a, subset, of, ML]

Step 2: Create a Dictionary

Dictionary: [ML, and, DL, are, part, of, Al, is, a, subset]

Here repeated words are removed from the document as a stopwords removal step and written only
unique words.
Reference: Subject Specific Skills CBSE Study material Page no.: 15-16

Step 3 Create document vector

In this step, the vocabulary is written in the top row. Now, for each word in the document, if it
matches with the vocabulary, put a 1 under it. If the same word appears again, increment the
previous value by 1. And if the word does not occur in that document, put a 0 under it.

Step 4: Repeat step 3 for all documents:

[20] Consider the following graphs (Figure 1 and Figure 2) that demonstrate the two types of
Supervised Learning Models of Artificial Intelligence. Identify and explain each model giving
suitable examples of each.

Ans.:
Figure 1 : Classification
Figure 2: Regression

Classification:
Where the data is classified according to the labels. For example, in the grading system, students are
classified on the basis of the grades they obtain with respect to their marks in the examination. This
model works on discrete dataset which means the data need not be continuous.

Regression:
Such models work on continuous data. For example, if you wish to predict your next salary, then you
would put in the data of your previous salary, any increments, etc., and would train the model. Here,
the data which has been fed to the machine is continuous.
[21] A binary classification model has been developed to classify news articles as either “Fake
News” or “Real News”. The model was tested on a dataset of 500 news articles, and the resulting
confusion matrix is as follows.

(A) How many total cases are True Negative in the above scenario?

(B) Calculate Precision, Recall and Fl-Score.

Ans.:

(A) : There are 420 True Negative cases in the above scenario.

(B) :

Precision: There are 45 True positive cases, We have all positive cases – True Positive: 45 and False
Positive: 15. Hence the precision will be calculated as follows:

Precision = TP/TP + FP *100=45/45+15=45/60=0.75

Recall: There are 45 True Positive cases and 20 False negative cases. Hence the recall will be
calculated as follows:

Recall=TP/TP+FN=45/45+20=45/65=0.692

F1 Score: We have the value of precision 0.75 and recall 0.692. Hence F1 score will be calculated as:

F1 score=2*((precision x recall)/(precision + recall)) =

2*(0.75*0.692/0.75+0692)=2*(0.519/1.442)=2*0.3599=0.720