PHYSICS WAVE MOTION

PRACTICE SHEET - 1
(Single & one or more than one correct answers)
Pulse and wave equations :
1. A pulse is propagating on a long stretched string along its length taken as positive x-axis. Shape of the
string at t =0 is given by

y  a 2  x2 when x £ a

= 0 when x  a
What is the general equation of pulse after some time ‘t’ , if it is travelling along positive x-direction
with speed V?

a) y  x , t   a 2   x  Vt  b) y  x, t   a2   x  Vt 
2 2
when x  Vt  a when x  Vt  a

= x+Vt when x  Vt  a =a when x  Vt  0

c) y  x, t   a2   x  Vt  d) y  x, t   a2   x  Vt 
2 2
when x  Vt  a when x  Vt  a

=0 when x  Vt  a =a when  x  Vt   a

10
2. At t = 0 a travelling wave pulse on a string is described by the function y  , here x and y are in
x 2
2

meter and t in second. What will be the wave function representing the pulse at time t, if the pulse is
propagating along the positive x-axis with speed 2m/s ?
10 10 10 10
a) y  2 2 b) y  2 2 c) y  2 d) y 
(x  2y)  2 (x  2t)  2 (x  2t)  2 (x  2t)2  2t

3. The displacement of A particle at x = 0 of a stretched string carrying a wave in the positive x-direction
2
is given by f(t)=A e  t . The wave speed is V. Write equation of the wave.
2 2 2
 x  x  x
2  t    t    t  
a) f(x, t)  Ae  (t  x) b)  v c) v d)  v
f(x,t)  Ae f(x, t)  Ae f(x,t)  Ae

4. The equation of a travelling wave on a string is y = (0.10 mm) sin 31.4m 1x  (314s 1 )t 
a) wave is travelling along negative x- axis.
b) The speed of the wave is 100 cm/s
c) The frequency wave is 50 s–1
d) The maximum speed of a portion of string is = 3.14 cm/s
 2x 
5. The equation Y  a cos2  2 nt  represents a wave with
  
a) amplitude a, frequency n and wavelength 
b) amplitude a, frequency 2n and wavelength 2
c) amplitude a/2, frequency 2n and wavelength 
d) amplitude a/2, frequncy 2n and wavelength  / 2

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WAVE MOTION PHYSICS

6. A wave propagates on a string in positive x-direction with a speed of 40 cm/s. The shape of string at
x
t= 2 s is y  10 cos where x and y are in centimeter. The wave equation is
5
x  x 
a) y  10 cos   8t  b) y  10 sin   8t 
5 5
x  x 
c) y  10 cos   8t  16 d) y  10 sin   8t  16
5 5
Waves in stretched string :
7. A uniform rope having some mass hangs vertically from a rigid support. A transverse wave pulse is
produced at the lower end. The speed (v) of the wave pulse varies with height (h) from the lower end
as:

a) b) c) d)

8. A sinusoidal wave is propagating along a stretched string that lies along the x-axis. The displacement
of the string as a function of time is graphed in figure for particles at x = 0 and x = 0.09 m. These two
points are with in one wave length of each other. The speed of the wave, if the wave ismoving in
 3
positive x-direction. [Take sin 1    0.589 (radians)]
 4
a) 3 m/s y(mm) x0 x  0.09
4
b) 3.79 m/s 3
0.01 0.03 0.05

c) 9.1 m/s t  s
4
d) 2.2 m/s

9. From the above question the expression for wave speed in terms of 0 and the total mass of the rope
is m.
4mg mg mg mg
a)   0
b)   0
c)   4 d)   6
0 0

10. A travelling wave in a string has speed 5 cm/s its amplitude is 10 mm and wavelength 1 m. At a
particular time a point P has displacement 5 3 mm. Find the velocity vector of point P ?
Y
  
a) j m/s b)  i cm / s
20 20
 2 
c)  j cm / s d)  i cm / s X
20 35
P

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11. Show two rectangular wave pulses travelling in opposite directions along a string at t  0 . Shetch the
wave functions for t  1, 2 and 3 s. Which of the following is /are correct.

1  
t= 0s
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
x (cm)
(a) 1   t = 1s

(b) 1   t= 2s
Resultant
Overlapping of
pulse two pulses occur
2
(c) 1
Add displacements
to get the shape of
resultant pulse
(d) 2
After superpositin
1   each wave pulse
continues in its
own directin without
modiffication

12. Which one of the following do not represent travelling Harmonic wave
a) A(ax-bt) b) ATan[wt-kx) c) ACos2 (vt  x) d) ACosKx Sinwt
  1 
13. The equation of a wave is y  4sin   2t  x  where y and x are in cm and t is in second
2 8 
a) The amplitude, wavelength, velocity and frequency of wave are 4cm, 16cm, 32cm 1 and 1Hz re
spectively with wave propagating along + x direction
b) The amplitude, wavelength, velocity and frequency of wave are 4cm, 32cm, 16cm/s, and 0.5Hz
respectively with wave propagating along -x direction
c) Two position occupied by the particle at time interval of 0.4s have a phase
difference of 0.4 radian
d) Two position occupied by the particle at separation of 12 cm have a phase difference of 1350

14. The figure shows a snap photogaraph of a vibrating string at t =0. The particle P is observed moving up
with velocity 20 3 cm/s. The tangent at P makes an angle 600 with x-axis. The mass per unit length
of string is 50 gm/m
a) wave is moving along positive x-direction
  
b) The equation of the wave is y = 0.4 Sin  10 t  x
2 
c) Total energy carried by the wave per cycle of the string is 1.6  10 5 J
  
d) The equation of the wave is y = 4 mm Sin  10 t  x + 
 2 4
y

4
in10 m3

600
2 2

o 1.5 5.5 x
3.5
 in 102 m 

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15. A simple harmonic wave has the equation y1  0.3sin  314t  1.57 x  and another wave has equation
y2  0.1sin  314t  1.57 x  1.57 where x, y1 and y2 are in metre and t is in second.
a) v1  v2  50 Hz b) 1   2  4m

c) Ratio of intensity is 9 d) y2 leads y1 by a phase angle of
2
16. Two wires having different densities are joined at x = 0. An incident wave y1  A1 sin  t  k1 x  , travelling
to the right in the wire is partly reflected and partly transmitted at x=0. If Ar and At be the amplitudes of
reflected and transmitted waves respectively,
a) yr  Ar sin  t  k1 x  b) yt = At sin (w t - k 2 x )

 k1  k2  æ 2k1 ÷ ö
ç
c) Ar   k  k  Ai d) At = çç k + k ÷
÷ Ai
1 2 è 1 2÷ ø

(Linked comprehension type questions)

Passage -I
The figure represents the instantaneous picture of a transverse harmonic wave traveling along the
negative x-axis. Choose the correct alternative(s) related to the movement of the nine points shown in
the figure.

y
b
a c
h
0 X
d
e g
f

17. The points moving upward is

a) a b) c c) d d) e
18. The points moving downwards is
a) o b) b c) d d) h
19. The stationary points is
a) o b) b c) g d) h
Passage -II
The displacemet of the medium in a sound wave is given by the equation y1  A Cos(ax  bt) where A, a
and b are positive constants. The wave is reflected by an obstacle situated at x = 0. The intensity of the
reflected wave is 0.64 times that of incident wave
20. Write the equation of the reflected wave
a) y  0.8ACos(bt  ax) b) y  0.4A Sin(bt  ax) c) y  0.8A Cos(bt  ax) d) y  0.4A Sin(bt  ax)
21. In the resultant wave formed after reflecting find the maximum and minimum values of particles speed
in the medium
a) Vmax  1.8 Ab b) Vmax  0.9 Ab c) Vmax  1.1Ab d) Vmax  1Ab
V m in = 0 Vmin  0.1Ab Vmin  0.1Ab Vmin  0.5 Ab

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22. General expression of location of pressure nodes of stationary wave formed due to superposition of
incident wave and reflected wave is, x =

 2n  
a) 2 n  3 b) c)  2n  1 d)  2n  1
2a a a 2a
(Match the following type questions)

23. COLUMN I COLUMN II

A) Wave in solids p) Longitudinal
B) Waves in gases q) Transverse
C) Waves in vaccume r) Stationary waves
D) Waves inside liquid s) can be reflected
24. Match the standing waves formed in column -II due to plane progressive SHM waves in Column -I
COLUMN I COLUMN II
A) Incident wave is y  A sin(kx  wt) p) y = 2A Cos kx Sin wt

B) Incident wave is y  A cos(kx  wt) q) y = 2A Sinkx Sinwt

C) x = 0 is rigid support r) y = 2A Sinkx Cos wt
D) x = 0 is flexible support s) y = 2A Cos kx Cos wt
(Integer answer type questions)

 
25. The displacement y in x direction is given by y = 10–4 sin  600 t  2 x   m where x is in m, t in s,
 3
then speed of wave motion is x ´ 10 2 m / s , what is the value x ?
26. A standing wave is represented by y = Asin(100t) cos(0.01x) where y and A are in millmeters, t in
seconds and x in meters. The velocity of each wave is x ´ 104 m / s,

  x 
27. The equation of a wave is y  4sin   2 t    where y , x are in cm and time in seconds.the phase
2 8 
difference between two position of the same particle which are occupied at time interval of 0.4 s is
xp ´ 10- 1 , what is the value of x ?
28. A stretched string of length 2 m vibrates in 4 segments. The distance between consecutive nodes is
x ´ 10- 1 m, what is the value of x ?
29. The diameter of a stretched string is increased 3% keeping the other parameters constant then the
velocity is x% decreases what is the value of x ?
30. A sonometer wire vibrating in '4' segments is in unision with a tuning fork. Keeping the same length, if
the tension made 4 times the tuning fork can still be in resonance with the wire. Provided the wire now
vibrates in

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WAVE MOTION PHYSICS

PRACTICE SHEET -1 ANSWERS

01) c 2) c 3) b 47) ad 5) d 6) c 7) c 8) b 9) b 10) c

11) ad 12) abd 13) bcd 14) c 15) abcd 16) abcd 17) a 18) c 19) b 20) c

21) a 22) d 23) A-pqrs; B-prs; C-qrs; D-prs 24) A-ps; B-qs; C-qr; D-ps

25) 3 26) 1 27) 4 28) 5 29) 3 30) 2

PRACTICE SHEET - 2
(Single & one or more than one correct answers)
Waves in stretched strings :
1. A sonometer wire resonates with a given tuning fork forming standing waves with five antinodes
between the two bridges when a mass of 9 kg is suspended from the wire. When the mass is replaced by
M, the wire resonates with the same tuning fork forming three antinodes for the same position of
bridges. The value of M is
1
a) 25 kg b) 5 kg c) 12.5 kg d) kg
25
2. A mixture of diatomic gases is obtained by mixing m1 and m2 masses of two gases, with velocity of
sound in them c1 and c2 respectively. Determine the velocity of sound in the mixture of gases. (Tem-
perature of the gas remains constant)

m 1c 22  m 2 c12 m 1c 22  m 2 c12
a) c  b) c 
m 2  m1 m1  m 2

m 1c12  m 2 c 22 m 1c 22  m 2 c12
c) c  d) c 
m1  m 2 m1  m 2

3. Assume that temperature varies linearly with height near the Earth’s surface. Considering temperature
at the surface of the Earth T1 and T2 at a height h above the surface, calculate the time t needed for a
sound wave produced at a height x to reach the Earth’s surface. Velocity of sound at the Earth’s
surface is c.

2h T1  T2  T1  2h T1  T2 - T1 
a) t  c T  T  T1  x  T1  b) t = c T - T  T1 - x + T1 
 2 1  h   1 2  h 

3h T1  T2  T1  6h T1  T2  T1 
c) t  c T  T  T1  x  T1  d) t  c T  T  T1  x  T1 
 2 1  h   2 1  h 

4. The fundamental of a sonometer wire increases by 6 Hz if its tension is increased by 44 % keeping the
length constant. Find the change in the fundamental frequency of the sonometer wire, when the length
of the wire is increased by 20% keeping the original tension in the wire.
a) 4 Hz b) 7 Hz c) 5Hz d) 3 Hz

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5. A wire of denisty 9  103 kg / m3 is stretched between two clamps 1 m apart and is subjected to an
extesion of 4.9  104 m . What will be the lowest frequency of transverse vibrations in the wire ?

(Y  9  1010 N / m 2 )
a) 25 Hz b) 35 Hz c) 15 Hz d) 45 Hz

6. An aluminium wire of cross-sectional area 1  106 m 2 is joined to a copper wire of the same cross-
section. This compound wire is stretched on a sonometer, pulled by a weight of 10 kg. The total length
of the compound wire between the two bridges is 1.5 m of which the aluminium wire is 0.6 m and the
rest is the copper wire. Transverse vibrations are set up in the wire by using an external force of
variable frequency. Find the lowest frequency of excitation for which standing waves are formed such
that the joint in the wire is a node. What is the total number of nodes observed at this frequency
excluding the two at the ends of the wire ? The density of aluminium is 2.6  103 kg / m 3 and that of
copper 1.0401  10 4 kg / m 3 .
a) 100 Hz, 1 b) 200 Hz, 2 c) 300 Hz, 3 d) 161.8 Hz, 3
7. A wave pulse on a string has the dimension shown in figure. The waves speed is v = 1 cm/s. If point O
is a free end. The shape of wave at time t = 3 s is :

a) b)

c) d)

Intensity, power & interference :

8. Two harmonic waves travelling in the same medium have frequency in the ratio 1:2 and intensity in the
ratio 1:36. Their amplitude ratio is
a) 1:6 b) 1:8 c) 1:72 d) 1:3
9. A point isotropic source with sonic power P = 0.10 W is located at the cente of a round hollow cylinder
with radius R = 1 m and height h = 2 m. Assuming the sound to be completely absorbed by the walls of
the cylinder, find the mean energy of flow reaching the lateral curved surface of the cylinder.

a) P3  0.09 W Curved surface 3

Cap 1 Cap 2
b) P3  0.07 W S

c) P3 = 0.03 W
h h
|
 
||
 |
d) P3 = 0.01 W 2 2

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WAVE MOTION PHYSICS

10. A point A is located at a distancer r = 1.5 m from a point source of sound of frequency 600 Hz.Thepower
of the source is 0.8 walt. Speed in air is 340 m/s and density of air is 1.29kg / m 3 . Find the pressure
oscillation amplitude ( P) m

a) 4.98 N / m 2 b) 6.98 N / m 2 c) 2.98 N / m 2 d) 1.98 N / m 2

11. A string of length l is stretched along the x-axis and is rigidly clamped at x=0 and x = l. Transverse
vibrations are produced in the string. For nth harmonic which of the following relations may represent
the shape of the string at any time? (Assume amplitude at antinode to be a)

 nx   nx 
a) y  a cos(t)cos  b) y  a sin  t  cos 
l  l 
 nx   nx 
c) y  a cos  t  sin  d) y  a sin  t  sin 
l  l 
12. Along the straight line joining two consecutive displacement nodes in a pure stationary sound wave at
different points
a) the S.H.M’s will be in different phases b) Velocities are in phase
c) the accelerations are inphase d) frequencies are equal
13. A uniform rope of mass M length L hangs vertically from the ceiling, with lower end free. A distubance
on the rope traelling upwards starting from the lower end has a velocity v. At a point P at distance x
from the lower end.
a) Tension at point P is mg b) v  xg
 M
c) v  2 xg d) Tension at point P is   xg
L
14. A wire of 9.8  10 kgm passes over a frictionless light pulley fixed on the top of a fictionless
–3 –1

inclined plane which makes an angle of 30 with the horizo9ntal Masses. m and M are tied at the two
ends of wire such that m rests on the plane and M hangs freely vertically downwards. The entire
system is in equilibrium and a transverse wave propagates along the wire with a velocity of 100m/s.
m 1 m
a) m=20kg b) m= 5kg c)  d) =2
M 2 M
15. A long rubber tube having mass 0.9kg is fastened to a fixed support and the free end of the tube is
attached to a cord which passase over a pulley and supports an object, with a mass of 5 kg as shown in
fig. If the tube is struck by a transvers blow at one end, the time required for the pulse to reach the other
end is :

a) 5 s
b) 0.47 s
c) 4.7 s A m Cord
12 m B Rubber tube
d) 3.2 s
16. Consider a harmonic wave travelling on a string of mass per unit length  . The wave has a velocity  ,
amplitude A and frequency f. The power transmitted by a harmonic wave on the string is proportional
to (take constant of proportionality as 2 2 )
a)  b)  c) A2 d) f 2

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(Linked comprehension type questions)

Passage - I
The figure represents the instantaneous picture of a longitudinal harmonic wave travelling along the
negative x-axis. Identify the correct statement related to the movement of the points shown in the
figure.
y
v i
a
b h j
g
O c X
k
d f
e

17. The point not moving in the direction of wave

a) b b) c c) f d) i
18. The point moving opposite to the direction of propagation are
a) a b) d c) f d) j
19. The stationary point is
a) a b) c c) g d) k
Passage -II
One end of a 60m long rope of mass 1.8 kg is tied to a rigid horizontal support held high above the
ground. The rope hangs vertically and kept taut by a weight ‘W’ suspended at its lower end. A person
jerks the lower end of the rope sideways in a sinusoidal manner and a transverse
wave of frequency 2 Hz and amplitude 10cm passes along the rope such that there
are 2 cycles of the wave in the total length of the rope. Neglecting the weight of the
rope as compared to the suspended weight W and with g  10m / s 2 , answer the
following questions. (S  75  10 4 m 2 ) W

20. Mass corresponding to the suspended weight W is

a) 14.2kg b) 10.8kg c) 6.6kg d) 8.4kg
21. Average power will be nearly
a) 3.2 w b) 2.25 w c) 1.4 w d) 0.75 w
22. In the questions above, weight of the rope has been neglected as compared to the suspended weight. However,
if we also account for the weight of the rope. the speed of the wave at the top of the rope will be
a) 60 m/s b) 64.8 m/s c) 62.6 m/s d) 68.4 m/s
(Match the following type questions)

23. The displacement of a particle in a medium due to a wave traveling in the x-direction through a medium
is given by Y  A sin(t  x) .
COLUMN I COLUMN II

A) frequency is p) 
2
B) Wave velocity is q) 
C) Wavelength is r)  2 
D) Propogation constant is s) 

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WAVE MOTION PHYSICS

24. For four sine waves, moving on a string along positive x direction, displacement-distance curves (y-x
curves) are shown at time t = 0. In the right column, expressions for y as function of distance x and
time t for sinusoidal waves are given. All terms in the equations have general meaning. Correctly
match y-x curves with corresponding equations.
COLUMN - I COLUMN - II
y

A) x p) y = A cos(wt - kx)
O

B) x q) y = - A cos( kx - wt )
O

C) O x r) y = A sin(wt - kx )

D) x s) y = A sin( kx - wt ) .
O

(Integer answer type questions)

25. A stretched string is taken and stretched show that elongated by 1% then the fundamental frequency
decreased by x ´ 10- 1 % what is the value of x ?
26. A copper wire is held at the two ends by rigid supports. At 60 0 C, the wire is just taut with negligible
tension. The speed of transverse waves in this wire at 10 0 C is x  101 m/s, what is the value of x.
( y  1.6  1011 N / m 2 ,   1.8  10 6 / o C and density   9  10 3 kg / m 3 )
27. A metallic wire with tension T and at temperature 200C vibrates with its fundamental frequency of 2 KHz.
The same wire the same tension but at 100C temperature vibrates with a fundamental frequency of 2.001
KHz. The coefficient of linear expanasion of the wire is x  10 4 / 0 C , what is the value of x ?
28. A sonometer wire resonates with a given tuning fork forming standing waves with three antinodes
between the two bridges when a mass of 16 Kg is suspended from the wire. When this mass is replaced
by a mass '9 kg' the wire resonates with the same tuning fork for ‘p’ antinodes for the same positions of
the bridges. Then ‘p’ is
29. A tuning fork of frequency 330 Hz produces sound waves of wavelength 1.41 m in air at STP. When
the temperature of air becomes 270C then the increase in wavelength of sound will be x ´ 10- 2 m, what
is the value of x ?
30. A closed organ pipe and an open organ pipe of same length produce x beats per sec when they are set
into vibration simultaneously in the fundametal mode. The length of open pipe in now halved and of
closed pipe is doubled, the numbers of beats produced will be 7 then the vallue of x is ?

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PRACTICE SHEET -2 ANSWERS

1) a 2) c 3) a 4) c 5) b 6) d 7) d 8) d 9) b 10) a
11) cd 12) bcd 13) bd 14) ad 15) b 16) acd 17) d 18) c 19) a 20) b

21) c 22) b 23) A - r ; B - p ; C - q ; D - s 24) A - r ; B - p ; C - s ; D - q

25) 5 26) 4 27) 1 28) 4 29) 7 30) 2

PRACTICE SHEET - 3
(Single & one or more than one correct answers)
Intensity, power & interference :
1. What is the maximum possible sound level in dB of sound waves in air ? Given that density of
air  1.3kg / m 3 , ,   332 m / s and atmospheric pressure P  1.01  10 5 N / m 2 .
a) 150 dB b) 170 dB c) 120 dB d) 190 dB
2. A window whose area is 2m2 opens on a street where the street noise result in an intensity level at the
window of 60 dB. If an acoustic absorber is fitted at the window, how much energy from street will it
collect in five hours
10
a) 26  10 13 J b) 26  10 10 J c) 36  10 3 J d) 46  10 J
3. An observer is at a distance of one metre from a point light source whose power output is 1 kW.
Calculate the magnitude of electric field assuming that the source is monochromatic, it radiates uniformly
in all directions and at the point of observation it behaves like a travelling plane wave. Given that
( 0 / 4)  10 7 H / m and c  3  108 m / s
a) 158 V/m b) 173 V/m c) 150 V/m d) 160 V/m
4. The loudest sound, that the ear can tolerate at a frequency of 1 kHz corresponds to intensity of 1W/m2
(the so called threshold of pain). Determine (a) the pressure amplitude (b) displacement amplitude and
(c) sound level. The density of air is 1.3 kg/m3 and speed of sound in air is 330 m/s
a) 20 N / m 2 ,1.1  10 5 m,120 dB b) 30 N / m 2 ,1.1  10 5 m,120 dB
c) 20 N / m 2 ,1.2  10 5 m,120 dB d) 20 N / m 2 ,1.2  10 5 m,110 dB

5. Three coherent waves of equal frequencies having amplitude 10 mm, 4mm and 7 mm respectively,
arrive at a given point with successive phase difference of  /2. The amplitude of the resulting wave in
mm is given by
a) 5 b) 6 c) 3 d) 4
6. In a hall a person receives direct sound from a source 120 m away he also receives waves from the
same source which reach him after being reflected from the 25 m high ceiling at a point midway
between them. The two waves interfere constructively for wavelengths (in metre) of
5 20 20
a) 10,5, ..... b) 20, , ,..... c) 30,20,10,.... d) 35,25,15,....
2 3 5

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7. Two choerent narrow slits emitting sound of wavelength  in the same phase are placed parallel to
each other at a small separation of 2 . The sound is detected by moving a detector on the screen  at
a distance D( ) from the slit S1 as shown in figure. Find the distance x such that the intensity at P
is euqal to the intensity at O.
a) 6D P
2l x
b) 3D O
S1 S2
c) 9D
d) D
12D
8. A source of sound emitting waves at 360Hz is placed infront of a vertical wall, at a distance 2 m
from it. A detector is also placed infront of the wall at the same distance from it. Find the minimum
distane between the source and the detector for which the detector detects a maximum of sound.
Take speed of sound in air = 360 m/s S

a) 7.5 m b) 6.5 m
2m O
x P
c) 5.5 m d) 4.5 m


Organ pipes : D

9. A sufficiently long close organ pipe has a small hole at its bottom. Initially the pipe is empty. Water is
poured into the pipe at a constant rate. The fundamental frequency of the air column in the pipe
a) continuously increasing b) first increases and them becomes constant
c) continuously decreases d) first decreases and them become constant
10. An organ pipe P1 closed at one end vibrating in its first overtone. Another pipe P2 open at both ends is
vibrating in its third overtone. They are in a resonance with a given tuning fork. The ratio of the length
of P1 to that of P2 is :
a) 8/3 b) 3/8 c) 1/2 d) 1/3

11. A pipe’s lower end is immersed in water such that the length of air column from the top open end has
a certain length 25 m. The speed of sound in air is 350 m/s. The air column is found to resonate with a
tuning fork of frequency 1750 Hz. By what minimum distance should the pipe be raised in order to
make the air column resonate again with the same tuning fork?
a) 7 cm b) 5 cm c) 35 cm d) 10 cm
12. A closed organ pipe of radius r1 and an open organ pipe of radius r 2 and having same length 'L'
resonate when excited with a given tunning fork. Closed organ pipe resonates in its fundamental mode
where as open organ pipe resonates in its first overtone, then
a) r2– r1 = L b) r2– r1 = L/2 c) r2– 2r1 = 2.5 L d) 2r2– r1 = 2.5 L
13. If l1 and l2 are the lengths of air column for the first and second resonance when a tuning fork of
frequency n is sounded on a resonance tube, then the distance of the displacement antinode from the
top end of the resonance tube is:
1 l 2  3l1 l 2  l1
a) 2(l2 – l1) b) (2l – l ) c) d)
2 1 2 2 2

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14. Four open organ pipes of different lengths and different gases at same temperature are as shown in
figure. Let fA, fB, fC and fD be their fundamental frequencies then :[Take  CO 2 = 7/5]
a) fA/fB = 2
b) fB/fC = 72 28
c) fC/fD = 11 28

d) fD/fA = 76 11

15. A closed organ pipe of length 1.2 m vibrates in its first overtone mode. The pressure variation is
maximum at:
a) 0.8 m from the open end b) 0.4 m from the open end
c) at the open end d) 1.0 m from the open end
16. Two waves of equal frequency f and velocity v travel in opposite direction along the same path. The
waves have amplitudes A and 3A. Then
a) the amplitudeof the resulting wave varies with position between maximum of amplitude 4A and
minimum of zero amplitude
V
b) The distance between a maximum and adjacent minimum of amplitude is
2f
c) at point on the path the average displacement is zero
d) the position of a maxima (or) minima of amplitude does not change with time
(Linked comprehension type questions)
Passage - I
x
A stationary wave is given by y=5 Sin Cos 40 t where x and y are in cm and t is in seconds
3
17. What are the amplitude and velocity of the component waves whose superposition can give this vibration
a) 2.5 cm, b) 1 cm, c) 1.5 cm, d) 2 cm,
1.2ms-1 2.5 ms-1 2.5 ms-1 3.5ms-1
18. What is the distance between two successive nodes
a) 0.01 m b) 0.02 m c) 0.03 m d) 0.04m
9
19. What is the velociy of a particle of the string at the position x=1.5 cm when t  sec
8
a) 0 b) 1ms-1 c) 2 ms-1 d) 3 ms-1
Passage - II
A plane longitudinal wave of angular frequency w = 1000 rad / s is travelling along positive x-direc-
tion in a homogeneous gaseous medium of density d=1kgm-3. Intensity of wave is I=10-10 W.m-2 and
maximum pressure change is  P  m  2  10 Nm
4 2

Assuming at x = 0, initial phase of medium particles to be zero

20. Amplitude of the travelling wave is
a) 10 6 m b) 10 7 m c) 10 9 m d) 2  108 m
21. Velocity of the wave is
a) 500 m / sec b) 100 ms–1 c) 300 ms–1 d) 200 ms–1

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22. The equation of the travelling wave is given by

a) y  10 9 Sin(1000t  5x)m b) y  10 7 Sin(200t  x)m
c) y  10 6 Sin(5000t  500x) d) y  2  10 8 m Sin(600t  2x)
(Match the following type questions)

23. A sinusoidal plane wave falls on a partially rigid boundary of reflection coefficient 0.36. Consider the
location of the boundary at x = 0. Let the equation of incident wave be yi  a sin  t  kx  . Then
COLUMN - I COLUMN - II
A) Ratio of intensities of reflected p) 9 : 16
wave and of transmitted wave is :
B) Ratio of amplitude of reflected q) 0.6 a sin  t  kx   
wave and of transmitted wave is :
C) Equation of reflected wave is : r) Zero
D) Phase difference between the incident s) 3 : 4
wave and transmitted wave at x = 0 is :
y
24. Snapshot of a string carrying a progressive wave is A

B
shown in figure at time t = 0 . The wave moves O x

C
along positive x - axis

COLUMN - I COLUMN - II
A) At point’O’ P) Speed of the particle is maximum
B) At point ‘A’ Q) Strain is maximum
C) At point ‘B’ R) Tension in the string is minimum
D) At point ‘C’ S) Velocity of the particle is directed down wards
(Integer answer type questions)
25. A glass tube 1.5 m long and open at both ends is immersed vertically in a water tank completely. A
tuning fork of 600 Hz is vibrated and kept at the upper end of the tube and the tube is gradually rised
out of water. The total number of resonances heard before the tube comes out of water is (Velocity of
sound in air is 330 m/s)
26. Two identical fluts produces fundamental nodes of frequency 300 Hz at 270C. If the temperature of air
in one flute is increases to 310C the number of the beats per second will be
27. Two trains move towards each other with the same speed. The speed of sound is 340 ms–1. If the height
of the tone of the whistle of one of them heard on the other is 9/8 times the actual frequency, then the
speed of each train should be x ´ 10 ms- 1 , what is the value of x ?
28. Two trains are moving towards each other at speed of 144 km/hr and 54 km/hr relative to the ground.
The second sounds a whistle of frequency 710 Hz, the frequency of this whistle as heard by a passenger
in the first train after the trains have crossed each other is x ´ 10 2 Hz , what is value of x. (v = 340 m/s)
29. An observer is moving with a constant speed of 20m/s on a circular track of radius 50m. a source kept
at centre of track emits a sound of frequency 200 Hz. Then the frequency received by the observer is
x ´ 10 2 Hz , what is value of x. (V = 340m/s)

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30. A car with a horn of frequency 620 Hz travels towards a large wall at a speed of 20 ms-1, the frequency
of echo of sound as heard by the driver is x ´ 10 2 Hz , what is the value of x. (velocity of sound -
330m/s
PRACTICE SHEET -3 ANSWERS
1) d 2) c 3) b 4) b 5) a 6) b 7) b 8) a 9) b 10) b
11) d 12) c 13) c 14) c 15) b 16) cd 17) a 18) a 19) a 20) c
21) d 22) a 23) A - p ; B - s ; C - q ; D - r 24) A - p,q,s ; B - r ; C - p,q ; D - r

25) 6 26) 2 27) 2 28) 6 29) 2 30) 7

PRACTICE SHEET - 4
(Single & one or more than one correct answers)
Organ pipes :

1. In an organ pipe whose one end is at x = 0, the pressure is expressed by p = p0cos 3x sin 300 kt
2
where x is in meter and t in sec. The organ pipe can be
a) closed at one end, open at another with length = 0.5m
b) open at both ends, length = 1m
c) closed at both ends, length = 2m
2
d) closed at one end, open at another with length = m
3
2. Two narrow cylindrical pipes A and B have the same length. Pipe A is open at both ends and is filled
with a monoatomic gas of molar mas MA. Pipe B is open at one end and closed at the other end, and is
filled with a diatomic gas of molar mass MB. Both gases are at the same temperatures.
A) If the frequency of the second harmonic of the fundamental mode in pipe A is equal to the frequency
of the third harmonic of the fundamental mode in pipe B, determine the value of MA / MB
B) Now the open end of the pipe B is also closed (so that the pipe is closed at both ends). Find the ratio
of the fundamental frequency in pipe A to that in pipe B
400 3 300 3 300 3 300 2
a) , b) , c) , d) ,
189 4 189 4 179 4 179 4
Beats :
3. A tuning fork and an organ pipe at temperature 880C produce 5 beats per second. When the tempera-
ture of the air column is decreased to 510C the two produce 1 beat per sec. What is the frequency of the
tuning fork ?
a) f '  81Hz b) f '  71Hz c) f '  110 Hz d) f '  55Hz
4. Find the temperature in kelvin scale at which the fundamental frequency of an organ pipe is independent
of small variation in temperature in terms of the coefficient of linear expansion () of the material of
the tube.
5 2 3 1
a) T0  b) T0  c) T0  d) T0 
2 1 2 2

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5. A tuning fork of frequency 280 Hz produces 10 beats per sec when sounded with a vibrating sonometer
string. When the tension in the string increases slightly, it produces 11 beats per sec. The original
frequency of the vibrating sonometer string is :
a) 269 Hz b) 291 Hz c) 270 Hz d) 290 Hz
6. Two identical sonometer wires have a fundamental frequency of 500 Hz when kept under the same
tension. What fractional increase in the tension of one wire would cause an occurrence of 5 beats per
sec, when both wires vibrate together
a) 1 % b) 2% c) 3% d) 4 %
7. A metal wire of diameter 1 mm is held on two knife edges separted by a distance of 50 cm. The tension
in the wire is 100 N. The wire vibrating with its fundamental frequency and a vibrating with its
fundamental frequency and a vibrating tuning fork together produce 5 beats per sec. The tension in the
wire is then reduced to 81 N. When the two are excited, beats are heard again at the same rate. Calculate
(a) the frequency of the fork and (b) the density of the matrial of the wire.
a) 85 Hz,12.74  103Kg / m3 b) 95 Hz, 12.74  103Kg / m3
3
c) 95 Hz, 13.74  10 Kg / m 3 d) 95 Hz, 12.74  203Kg / m3
Doppler effect :
8. A whistle of frequency f 0  1300 Hz is dropped from a height H = 505 m above the ground. At the
same time, a detector is projected upwards with velocity   50 ms 1 along the same line. If the
velocity of sound is c  300 ms 1 , find the frequency detected by the detector after t  5 s .
a) 500 Hz b) 700 Hz c) 1500 Hz d) 2500 Hz
9. Source and observer both start moving simultaneously from origin, one along x-axis and the other
along y-axis with speed of source is twice the speed of observer. The graph between the apparent
frequency observed by observer f and time t would approximately be [to is original frequentent source ]

a) b) c) d)

10. A source S of frequency f0 and an observer O, moving with speeds v1 and v2 respectively, are movinng
away from each other. When they are separated by distance a (t =0), a pulse is emitted by the source.
This pulse is received by O at time t1, then t1, is equal to
a a a a
a) b) c) v  v d)
vs  v2 v1  v s s 2 v1  v 2  v s
11. An observer starts moving with uniform acceleration 'a' towards a stationary sound source of frequency
f. As the observer approaches the source, the apparent frequency f' heard by the observer varies with
time t as:

a) b) c) d)

12. Consider two sound sources S1 and S2 having same frequency 100Hz and the observer O located
between them as shown in the fig. All the three are moving with same velocity in same direction. The
beat frequency of the observer is
a) 50Hz b) 5 Hz c) zero d) 2.5 Hz

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13. A sounding body of negligible dimension emitting a frequency of 150 Hz is dropped from a height.
During its fall under gravity it passes near a balloon moving up with a constant velocity of 2m/s one
second after it started to fall.The difference in the frequency observed by the man in balloon just before
and just after crossing the body will be : (Given that -velocity of sound = 300m/s; g = 10m/s2)
a) 12 b) 6 c) 8 d) 4
14. A siren placed at a railway platform is emitting sound of frequency 5 kHz An observer in train A
receves it has 5.5 kHz while the train approaches the siren. During his return journey in a different train
B he records a frequency of 6.0 kHz while approaching the same siren. The ratio of velocity of train B
to that of train A is
242 5 11
a) b) 2 c) d)
252 6 6
15. A source of sonic oscillations of frequency f 0  1000 Hz moves at right angles to the wall with a
velocity u  0.17m / s . Two stationary receivers R1 and R2 are located on a straight line, coinciding
with the trajectory of the source, in the following succession: R1  source - R2  wall. Which receiver
registers the beats and what is the beat frequency ? The velocity of sound is equal to v = 340 m/s
a) 1Hz, R1 will register the beats b) 2 Hz R2 will register
c) 3 Hz R3 will register the beats d) 4 Hz R4 will register
16. A source of sonic oscillations of frequency f0 1700 Hz and a receiver are located at the same point. aT
the moment t = 0, the source starts receding from the the receiver with constant acceleration a = 10.0m/
s2. Assuming the velocity of sound to be equal to v = 340 m/s, find the oscillation frequency registered
by the stationary receiver t =10.0 seconds after the start of motion
a) 1259 Hz b) 1010 Hz c) 1459 Hz d) 1349 Hz
(Linked comprehension type questions)

Passage - I
330 
A source is moving along a circle X 2  Y 2  R 2 wtih constantspeed Vs  m/s in clockwise direction
6 3
while on observer is stationary at point (2R,0) with respect to the centre of circle frequency emitted by
the source is f [ velocity of sound V= 330 m/s]
3R
600
(0,0) 300 O
(2R, O)
R
3R

17. The cooridnates of source when observer records the maximum and minimum frequency

 R R   R R   R 3R   R  3R 
a)  ,   , b)  ,  , 2 
 2 2   2 2   2 2  2 

 3R 3R   3R 3 
c)  ,   , R d) (R, R) (R, –R)
 2 2  2 2 

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18. Maximum frequency heard by observer

 3   6 3   6  6 3
a)  f b)  f c)  f d)  6    f
 3   6 3     6     

19. Minimum wave length received observer

 6 3  V  6 3  V
a)  3  n  Vf b) 
 6 V

6  f
c)  
 6 3  f
d) 
 6  f

Passage - II
A man of mass 50kgis running on a plank of mass 150 kg with a speed of 8m/s relative to the plank as
shown [both are initially at rest and the velocity of the mas w.r.t ground any how remains constant].
Plank is placed on smooth horizontal surface. The man, while running whistles with frequency f0. A
detector (D) placed on plank detects frequency. The man jumps off with same velocity from point D
and slides on the smooth horizontl surface [Assume  =0 between plank and horizontal surface]. The
speed of sound in still medium is 330 m/s

Detector
8m/s

20. The frequency of sound detector D, before man jumps off the plank is

332 330 328 328

a) f0 b) f0 c) f0 d) f0
324 322 336 338

21. The frequency of sound detected by detector D, after man jumps of the plank

332 330 328 328

a) f0 b) f0 c) f0 d) f0
324 322 336 338

22. Choose the correct plot between the frequency detected by D verses position of the man relative to
detector (x)

n1
n1 n1 n1

f0
f0
f0 f0
a) b) c) d)
x x x x

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(Match the following type questions)

23. The following figures in the column II indicate the direction of motion of source and the
observer match the corresponding graph in Column-I drawn between the apparent frequency
and time V0 is the velocity of observer Vs the velocity of source, and n0 the frequency of the
source
COLUMN I COLUMN II

n0 S VS  V0  0
A) p) O

t
n

B) q) S
n0 V0 O
t
V
C)   r) VS S O V0
n0

V
D)   s) VS O
n0
24. Consider the sitation shown in the figure below

observer Vs V1
Person-2
V3

car moving horn frequency (f). Take speed of sound in air as V and that of wind is V3
COLUMN I COLUMN II

V
A) For directwaves wave length as received by P1 and wall p)
f

V  Vs
B) For direct waves wave length as received by the driver q)
f

V  Vs
C) Wave length as received by P2 r)
f

(V  V3 )(V  VS )
D) Wave length of reflected waves received by P1 ,P2 and driver s) (V  V3 )f

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(Integer answer type questions)

25. The frequency of a source of sound as measured by an observer when the source is moving towards
him with a speed of 30 m/s is 720 Hz. The apparent frequency when the source is moving away after
crossing the observer is x ´ 10 2 Hz , what is the value of x. ...... (velocity of sound is 330 m/s)
1) 500 Hz 2) 600 Hz 3) 864 Hz 4) 648 Hz

26. One train is approaching an observer at rest and another train is receding him with same velocity
4 ms -1. Both the trains blow whistles of same frequency of 243 Hz. The beat frequency in Hz as heard
by the observer is (speed of sound in air=320ms-1)

27. Two identical tuning forks vibrating at the same frequency 220 Hz are kept fixed at some distance
apart. A listener runs parallel between the forks at a speed of 3 m/s so that he approaches one tuning
fork and recedes from the other. Find the beat frequency observed by the listener (speed of the sound
= 330 m/s)
28. A car travelling at a speed of 8 m/s towards a large wall horns a sound of frequency 130 Hz if the
person stands behind the car such that the car receding from him approaches the wall the no. of beats
heard by him per second is (velocity of speed in air 340 m/s)
29. A closed organ pipe and an open pipe of same length produce 4 beats when they are set into vibrations
simultaneously. If the length of each of them were twice their initial lengths, the number of beats
produced will be___
30. The difference beween the apparent frequencies of a souce of sound as perceived by a stationary
observer during its approach and recession is 2% of the actual frequency of the source. If the speed of
sound is 300m/s, the speed of souce is_____m/s

PRACTICE SHEET -4 ANSWERS

1) c 2) a 3) b 4) d 5) d 6) b 7) b 8) c 9) b 10) c

11) a 12) c 13) a 14) b 15) a 16) d 17) b 18) b 19) d 20) a

21) c 22) a 23) A - r,s ; B - p,q ; C - q ; D - p,r,s 24) A - q ; B - r ; C - r ; D - s

25) 6 26) 6 27) 4 28) 6 29) 2 30) 3

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