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Function Generator

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susheela Nataraju
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5 views

Function Generator

Uploaded by

susheela Nataraju
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

JNANASANGAMA ” BELAGAVI-590018,KARNATAKA

SENSORS AND INSTRUMENTATION (BEC306B) REPORT


Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
Electronics & Communication
Submitted By
Name: AMRUTHA H GOWDA USN:4MG23EC003

Under the Guidance of


Prof. Susheela N

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING


G MADEGOWDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BHARATHI NAGAR MADDUR TALUK MANDYA DISTRICT (571422)
Function Generator
A function generator produces different
waveforms of adjustable frequency. The common
output waveforms are the sine, square, triangular
and sawtooth waves. The frequency may be
adjusted, from a fraction of a Hertz to several
hundred kHz.
The various outputs of the generator can be made
available at the same time. For example, the
generator can provide a square wave to test the
linearity of an amplifier and simultaneously
provide a sawtooth to drive the horizontal
deflection amplifier of the CRO to provide a visual
display.
Capability of Phase Lock The function generator
can be phase locked to an external source. One
function generator can be used to lock a second
function generator, and the two output signals can
be displaced in phase by adjustable amount.
In addition, the fundamental frequency of one
generator can be phase locked to a harmonic of
another generator, by adjusting the amplitude and
phase of the harmonic, almost any waveform can
be generated by addition.
The function generator can also be phase locked
to a frequency standard and all its output
waveforms will then have the same accuracy and
stability as the standard source.
The block diagram of a function generator is
illustrated in fig. Usually the frequency is
controlled by varying the capacitor in the LC or RC
circuit. In this instrument the frequency is
controlled by varying the magnitude of current
which drives the integrator. The instrument
produces sine, triangular and square waves with a
frequency range of 0.01 Hz to 100 kHz.

BLOCK DIAGRAM
The frequency controlled voltage regulates two
current sources. The upper current source
supplies constant current to the integrator whose
output voltage increases linearly with time,
according to the equation of the output signal
voltage.
An increase or decrease in the current increases
or decreases the slope of the output voltage and
hence controls the frequency.
The voltage comparator multivibrator changes
states at a pre-determined maximum level of the
integrator output voltage. This change cuts off the
upper current supply and switches on the lower
current supply.
The lower current source supplies a reverse
current to the integrator, so that its output
decreases linearly with time. When the output
reaches a predetermined minimum level, the
voltage comparator again changes state and
switches on the upper current source.
The output of the integrator is a triangular
waveform whose frequency is determined by the
magnitude of the current supplied by the constant
current sources.
The comparator output delivers a square wave
voltage of the same frequency. The resistance
diode network alters the slope of the triangular
wave as its amplitude changes and produces a
sine wave with less than 1% distortion.

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