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1.CSI2004-ADBMS-Module1_Intro, Need,Classification, Data Model

The document outlines the syllabus for an advanced database management systems course, covering topics such as database design techniques, parallel and distributed databases, multimedia databases, and database security. It also details the evaluation methods, including quizzes and assignments, and discusses the need for database systems due to issues like data redundancy and integrity problems. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of using a DBMS and classifies different types of DBMS based on various criteria.

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21 views

1.CSI2004-ADBMS-Module1_Intro, Need,Classification, Data Model

The document outlines the syllabus for an advanced database management systems course, covering topics such as database design techniques, parallel and distributed databases, multimedia databases, and database security. It also details the evaluation methods, including quizzes and assignments, and discusses the need for database systems due to issues like data redundancy and integrity problems. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of using a DBMS and classifies different types of DBMS based on various criteria.

Uploaded by

roshika.s2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSI2004 - Advanced Database

Management Systems
OBJECTIVES

2
S YLLABUS

 Module - 1 : Database Design Techniques


 Module - 2 : Parallel Databases
 Module - 3 : Distributed Databases
 Module - 4 : Multimedia and Spatial Databases
 Module – 5 : Mobile and Cloud Databases
 Module - 6 : Emerging Database Technologies
 Module - 7 : Database Security
 Module - 8 : Recent Trends
SYLLABUS
Text & Reference Books
Mode of Evaluation

1. CAT-1 (50) - 15 Marks

2. CAT-2 (50) - 15 Marks

3. Digital Assignment (10) - 10 Marks

4. Quiz-1 (10) - 10 Marks Total : 100 Marks

5. Quiz-2 (10) - 10 Marks

6. FAT (100) - 40 Marks

12/18/2024 4:22:28
PM
M ODULE - 1
Review of DBMS Techniques
What is data, database, DBMS

 Data: Known facts that can be recorded and have an implicit


meaning; raw
 Database: a highly organized, interrelated, and structured set of
data about a particular enterprise
 Controlled by a database management system (DBMS)
 DBMS
 Set of programs to access the data
 An environment that is both convenient and efficient to use
 Database systems are used to manage collections of data that are:
 Highly valuable
 Relatively large
 Accessed by multiple users and applications, often at the
same time.
Database Applications

• Banking: all transactions


• Airlines: reservations, schedules,…
• Universities: registration, grades,…
• Sales: customers, products, purchases,…
• Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders,
supply chain,…
• Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions,…
Recent Developments

 Social Networks started capturing a lot of


information about people and about
communications among people-posts, tweets,
photos, videos in systems such as:
- Facebook
- Twitter
- Linked-In
 All of the above constitutes data
Recent Developments

 New technologies are emerging from the


so-called non-SQL, non-database software
vendors to manage vast amounts of data
generated on the web:
 Big data storage systems involving
large clusters of distributed computers
 NOSQL systems
Need for Database Systems
Need for Database Systems
 In the early days, database applications were built on top
of file systems
 Drawbacks of using file systems to store data:
 Data redundancy and inconsistency
 Difficulty in accessing data
 Data isolation
 Integrity problems
 Atomicity of updates
 Concurrent access by multiple users
 Security problems
Need for Database Systems
 Data redundancy and inconsistency
Multiple file formats, duplication of information in
different files
Redundancy:
In a flat-file system there is a lot of redundancy.
For example, in the flat file system for a university, the
names of professors and students are stored in more than
one file.
Inconsistency:
If the same piece of information is stored in more than one
place, then any changes in the data need to occur in all
places that data is stored.

A database is usually more efficient than a flat file system,


because a piece of information is stored in fewer locations.
Need for Database Systems

 Difficulty in accessing data


Need to write a new program to carry out each new
task
 Data isolation — multiple files and formats
 Integrity problems
File system: Integrity constraints (e.g. account
balance > 0) become part of program code
Hard to add new constraints or change existing
ones
DB system: In a database system it is easier to
maintain data integrity, because a piece of data is
stored in fewer locations.
Need for Database Systems

 Atomicity of updates
 Failures may leave database in an inconsistent state with
partial updates carried out
 E.g. transfer of funds from one account to another should
either complete or not happen at all
 Concurrent access by multiple users
 Concurrent access needed for performance
 Uncontrolled concurrent accesses can lead to inconsistencies
– E.g. two people reading a balance and updating it at the
same time
 Security problems
 It is easier to maintain the confidentiality of the information if
the storage of data is centralized in one location.
 Database systems offer solutions to all the above problems
Advantages of DBMS

 Controlling Redundancy
 Restricting Unauthorized Access
 Providing storage structure and search techniques
for query processing
 Providing backup and recovery
 Providing multiuser interface
 Representing Complex Relationships among Data
 Enforcing Integrity Constraints
 Permitting Inferencing and Actions Using Rules
Advantages of DBMS

 Additional Implications of Using the Database


Approach
 Potential for Enforcing Standards
 Reduced Application Development Time
 Flexibility
 Availability of Up-to-Date Information
 Economies of Scale
DBMS Classification
DBMS Classification Criteria

Several criteria are normally used to classify DBMSs.


 Data Model
 Number of Users
 Number of sites
 Cost
 Access path
DBMS Classification

Several criteria are normally used to classify DBMSs.


 Data Model
 Entity-Relationship model
 Relational model
 Network model
 Hierarchical model
 Object-oriented model
 Object-relational data model
 Semi-structured data models
 Number of Users
 Single-user systems
 Multi-user systems
DBMS Classification

 Number of sites
 Centralized DBMS
 Distributed DBMS
Homogeneous DDBMSs
Heterogeneous DDBMSs
 Cost
 Open source (free) DBMS
 License DBMS
 Access path
 General purpose
 Special purpose
Data Models

• A collection of tools for describing


 Data
 Data relationships
 Data semantics
 Data constraints
• A database model defines the logical design of data.
• The model also describes the relationships between
different parts of the data
• Describes how the data are connected with each other
and how they are processed and stored inside the
database
Data Models

 Entity-Relationship model

 Relational model

 Network model

 Hierarchical model
 Object-oriented model

 Object-relational data model

 Semi-structured data models (XML)


Data Models

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