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CSC301 - Chapter 7

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18 views23 pages

CSC301 - Chapter 7

Uploaded by

dynzhaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Set up and use a control array

Establish an array to variables and


refer to individual elements in the
CHAPTER 7: array with variable subscripts

ARRAYS
Use the For Each/Next to traverse
the array

Store data in multidimensional array


INTRODUCTION TO ARRAYS

¡ An array variable is simply a variable that can store more


than one value
¡ Each individual item in array that contains a value is called an
element
¡ Arrays provide access to data by using a numeric index, or
subscript, to identify each element in the array
¡ An array declaration statement, includes the name
of the array, how many items it can store, and
what sort of data it can store.
¡ Must specify the number of array elements by
indicating the upper-bound index of the array.
¡ Upper-bound index specifies the index of the last
element of the array.
INITIALIZE
¡ Dimensioning array is setting the size of an
AN ARRAY array.
(1 OF 4)
INITIALIZE AN ARRAY (2 OF 4)

¡ You can declare an array by assigning values to each element.


¡ The array is implicitly sized when a number is not used in
the declaration statement to state the size of the array.
¡ Do not place an upper-bound index in the parentheses because
an error will occur.
INITIALIZE AN ARRAY (3 OF 4)

¡ Parallel arrays store related data in two or more arrays

strNames(0) strNames(1) strNames(2) strNames(3) strNames(4)


Baker Lopez Buck Chan Tirrell

intReservations(0) intReservations(1) intReservations(2) intReservations(3) intReservations(4)


4 5 12 2 8
INITIALIZE AN ¡ An array can be declared by specify its
ARRAY upper-bound index and assign each item of
(4 OF 4) the array one by one.
Data Type Default Value

All numeric data types 0

String data type Null

Boolean data type False

INITIALIZE AN
¡ Each element is assigned a default value
ARRAY WITH
when you initialize an array but do not
DEFAULT assign values immediately.
VALUES
ACCESS ARRAY ELEMENTS USING A LOOP

¡ Loop is used to reference each element of an array.


¡ The Visual Basic compiler determines if each
subscript is within the boundaries set when you
initialized the array.

ARRAY ¡ The exception occurs when the loop tries to reference


BOUNDARIES an element with the subscript 31.
¡ This element does not exist because the array contains
31 elements with an upper-bound index of 30.
UPPER-BOUND INDEX CONSTANT

¡ An array can use a constant value to represent its upper-bound


index.
¡ By using a constant, the size of several arrays can be specified
quickly.
REINITIALIZE AN ARRAY (1 OF 2)

¡ Every array in Visual Basic is considered dynamic, which means that


you can resize it at run time.
¡ When you change the number of elements in an existing array, you
re-dimension it.
¡ The ReDim statement assigns a new array size to the specified array
variable.
REINITIALIZE AN ARRAY (2 OF 2)

¡ When you used the ReDim statement to re-dimension the array, all
data contained in the array is lost.
¡ If you want to preserve the existing data, you can use the keyword
Preserve.
USE THE
LENGTH ¡ The Length property of an array contains
PROPERTY the number of elements in an array.
(1 OF 2)
USE THE LENGTH PROPERTY (2 OF 2)

¡ Using the Length property can prevent the program from throwing
the IndexOutOfRange exception.
¡ From the example, For loop uses the Length property to determine
the number of loop iterations.
¡ For Each loop is a special loop designed
THE FOR specially for arrays.
EACH LOOP
¡ The For Each loop cycles through each
(1 OF 2) array element until the end of the array.
¡ Each element in the array is assigned to the control variable
strPioneer as the For Each loop is executed.
THE FOR EACH ¡ The array elements and the control variables are both
String.
LOOP (2 OF 2) ¡ When the loop begins, the first element of the
strFamousComputerPioneers array is placed in the
strPioneer variable and the body of the loop is executed.
¡ The looping continues until all elements within the array have
been processed.
¡ The scope of an array declared within a
procedure is local to that procedure.
SCOPE OF
¡ An array can be declared as a class-level variable
ARRAYS and the array is visible to all procedures within
the class.
¡ An array can be passed as an argument to a
PASS AN Sub procedure or a Function procedure.
ARRAY ¡ If you change the value of any array element
in a procedure, the original array is changed.
¡ You can use the Array.Sort method to sort the
values in an array in ascending order.
SORT AN ¡ To sort the values in descending order, you first use
ARRAY the Array.Sort method to sort the values in
ascending order; then use the Array.Reverse
method to reverse the sorted values.
¡ Searching each element in an array is called a
sequential search.
¡ The BinarySearch method searches a sorted array
for a value using a binary search algorithm.
¡ The binary search algorithm searches an array by
repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.
SEARCH AN
ARRAY
CREATE A TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY (1 OF 2)

¡ A two-dimensional array is like an array of arrays.


¡ A two-dimensional array holds data that is arranged in rows
and columns.

column 0 column 1 column 2 column 3


row 0 intVal(0,0) intVal(0,1) intVal(0,2) intVal(0,3)
row 1 intVal(1,0) intVal(1,1) intVal(1,2) intVal(1,3)
row 2 intVal(2,0) intVal(2,1) intVal(2,2) intVal(2,3)
CREATE A ¡ Nested loop is used to process two-
dimensional arrays.
TWO-
¡ The outer loop controls the column index and
DIMENSIONAL the inner loop controls the row index of the
ARRAY (2 OF 2) array.
END OF TOPIC …
ARRAYS

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