DC Module 2-2
DC Module 2-2
:;
*
-
Non
PSk
thu
•In
Ceheunt
Aitulion
d
2o)u|2094
loheunt
iyenaton
and (Phaue
medulation
Jer
nud Jen
x
FSK(Frununy
phau
that
not th
a thú
dht
ii
phasL.
dhit
be and
hax
Kuy)
synchlud
tan DIGITAL
ay
dition
sipnnl
mc),
dttion
wt
hasL.
tan we Ku)-Nay MODULE
Cstgnal)
in cct)
sunchmlsid.
bu lsL
Phau,
UBL
and -02
sunst
cavus
ls ard
e
ditiunt,
sheuld
tiat
len
MODULATION
hnalitud.
sam
both
å
(onstant
thannl.
amplitudu
fuquy
and
Lhe
'n
and
phau
tansmill
tomstont
huguny
codn
he ha den n
In
= -
S,(t) ASK
o)s, ASK
funatin
i ct)
angy
o
waluu
ud
have 9,ct)
=--A
():
3
diyntet
Binany
BPSK
Jt
i
2
10
on.
to s, A(65 Psk
mtdiulatng
Transnting'
thu
dpndnt t) (Binany
A =
-
Inde
A t
N=1] ct)
Ct) ioo ose
en CS2n}ct nct
up
:
slgna!
uphusnt Chsu
he Sy
pndtnt
4)
E,S't) S1Ct)
thi
Ct) 2
ces tes sIgnals
dhft
kntun
dt
n
slanals
nct amct
s,
stqnal,
tneputod
atgnal
C) ON,
tu is Kuyp)
|M=2] And
ds s1.The
and oFF
fen rumbn
of
o<tsTs
c
ignal
c)
N=1
chanul
ertheMrumal
Kuytng?
bnxà
tho
Thu
=
3,C+)
-
|A Eb =
Eb
Wk.T
Algnal
s,
Ct)
V
Tb
T
Tb 2Eb
ATb
+
Tb
Eb=
=
S,ct)
Tb
mtineUnal
A*
Th
,
Jn
slnyhc
To
Aln
Hnct
Les*2Nhct
kundtion
Tb
dt
=
t)
VE,s(t)
ohuu
E, 1+
2
the cos29
ny
S
2 Su
= l=
I the
=
-
S1
1,2
=
; )
1,2 waen
S,(t)
Tb
- Qpuandting
--
Tb
JEb Sa VEo
M SIJ thu
VEb
Ct)
SIj
(t).
,ct) stgnal
j=
dt ce) in
dt
-
1,---
M
Sict)
toms
of
;ct)
dt
edhonrunal
[¢.
bsi
=
1
ce)-dt
kunilin
Sn
,
St()
utth Snput
with
)
wlt)
,
uqion
lunnatin
NRz Z1
onstullaim
amplitud
and
ampltud"
P)
Ooelt 1vs ii
laqam:
to ottim
-JEb
Ruatven
-a
Jeonsmtin
ansmittd
BPSK
Qwtee
Tho
Duision
Butput
chorn 6t)
W)
Ihu
X(t)
S
CenAtillatien
symbol
Snput
and -
Bhauy Rigton
-(Eb JEs T:
diogam:
psn
Za
6
Tb
o J-JE
otutlon
Jhans S,Ct)
halps
Pelan
mttn fo t)
Net (e).
dt
BPSK
mak t)
dt
odirslie
(BD,
drtsion
,c)
enstillonen
SiCt)
dingam
Hpe
that
Th
>0hun
af is Jhs
dutsion
thi btt
muan dynbel
; o;
Porebabtlty
k
= dhantl
i
dutteutput
cf
-TEb VEb
E tt ter
ú btt ,"4
channul
th
CX B o Th
+Wa
;
u
. oi
sc):-/E
Bit
dutsfe
Intgratin
Bit
nelsy, BPSK
mhu.
o Ó,
Tansmttud.
mad. ut (2
Hesa
by to
tiansmlttd
omparid
the
marks)
Jsansmttid
aansmttud
dulston
gruatn otth
(t)(atgnting
h a,thu
channil
dwtcl
thu
nugatlvt
patlvc
whtu may
b in hnshold
noe
dutsion
thu
hos
a chantotstics
n fav
ots
sahu
in
ampltud)
ampltiud)
tto
mor
bl, th
miintnputid.
bei
Pe t,>0
Thu
Co)
t = 0hen
condttlonal
sumbtl
P(z,>0/
o
.
Oymbot wns
o
No
No
Tuonsm
p(t
Larsmtttd
No -(z
FC1+/Eb)27
|E)] tid)
VEo)
VE)?
Pe Pe Pe
Pe
=
lo)
=
Co) lo)
= =
du,VNo
Po)
Pe dz,
+ -
.
to
P(O)
c2.
du.
e -
du
du -u
Peli)
du
JNo
,
ce)
tu
nlu
=
S,t) s(t)
=2E
1'5
Ombol
- ADdntton
os dwvalion
)
N=2
(27
sn2nct
(lnsic
= t)
(a+b)
fct
t
(3net
ZVID'S
2Tb
btt PsK
a h
tes
and x
dwatien
-
funitin)
M
cosb
Lohan Lrq,
one's
I=4
&tna I=2
()
sinb
temttalion
oo's|
i-
Su Si=
Consttl
Lalon
01 I0
Binan
dt
E -E
Ain
=
|St)
JE
(2e
dagam:
4
(al-)
(a1-)
3N
•.
Phas
)
l=4
SH )-
j:2
ain
Mesae (E (ai-)
(5A) 4c))
coordinat
ID
nany
zt)
X2
NRZ Polan
=-E QPSK
sin QPSK
a
+
(2i-),
w
Ruver Jonsmttn
T=0
bel
S
Ct)
buput
Murnany
The
ondtnal
=
Pe
1-Pe
rnd
prsbaltlity
No
2o2
Fe-)
dnsty
funlen
a
xandnm
dution
=
(Pe)
P,>)
P(X2>0)
so (
E)
Ntable.x,
The
d
No
=
probability
VIT dx
JTTNo
No that
No
VTTNO
V
E
No2
K,>0
is
dx
du
No No gon 2
No exp-(x-
Fox,-/)
by N/2
E)
Poatabclaty
dnstty
furaltòn
Pe
=
Bubstint
P(K>0)
=|-
thu fe
-
abovt
V
2ND
2No
du
zqualen
y
in
DOEN
t
()e
dz
Sh he
• . th
'ud*Jen *
ytnlou
S,t) •s,ct) Whn Whn i net Nen Nen
symbol
popaty
nue,
and and
btt
w be
nuclvtd
0
1 kntun
i
slgnals
oh.S,(t)
in
SCt
hun
t s
pau
-tthunt -ohuunt
-
Pe
sheud
be
we 1
-
Non
synchortyd
edun dtdion
dahtion
hove qet
to un Jn thi
-
Alhegonal
S2
-
Wor
NoEb |2
bunsmlttud
on to
to
cohunt 2No Eb
ditut trms
Ct) S,(t) Dnms
ethogenal
Ct)
undnten
i of covtor
= to sath
T=2Th
The and ard E-2€b
and
Ruetvos:
musag
dimodualion
musag
fugunay
+wt)]
1niosymtots
stgnal hare
hene stgnal dsrhon
•• muan t)
O
tQhn (Ohn
atd.
And
thu Matchd
1
itdop.
i pon Siltn
slonal
to
matthed
matthud
ct)
i to
detuctirn
matchud
tb spubal phast
wd
i
(nput)
ahiht
to (t).
gen
dnsttiy
and
No
wct)
dhiten
i
dutet
dutuctor
whtch Enualope
Envtop.
.
thu anethun
whiti
xt)
mnsage
flten
Io
netsL
Input maichud
tokltr
2
thu
wtth
z0
dvte
To)
Nuadintuu
Rutvoi
Xa, 2
Thu
)
9,
===
S
CH) S,Ct)
dtnal
Nan-
=
Pe
pnobabtlty
JEb
Tp 2€b to
Ttitn
to
Filtn
(oheunt
(t)
matohd
matchd
omon
2 1 binary
No,
4
Eb (Pe)
Fsk
is
&nwclape
dituen
dtetor
quen
by
damglu
camplu
at at
uston
t=To
tTb
\data
Bit
Jo
s, zit)
-
ct)
o 1
Bit
dotecd
Jeb JEb
=-
+
stc)
=j 3
thu >=0
: (t)
C) wt)| 0Produt
Modulaton
sare
a will
poUAint
bt
e52N}ct
thMeugh
-=A
S,C1)
Sict) bf T5
-) aulay
conditions
PSK Stou
ces
tthu we
Band
band
Pas
Pas
-Aces
2ntct –
|S:Ct)
2nfct
A ONeny
Levnlator
ned
t=
Trltur
ltun ces Tb Šample
vnus to
to
btt.
knas
(2nfct+
the umeve
bi
puvtes
o
ut,
á9 bj-)
Lchun l<0
•
n
==
YCt)
Y)
=
v(t)
==
Y()
bi
Pruset
0
bt the
T pauud
Tb2eb
-
zc) bj
btt
Lm,
absente
5 Eb1+ ies?
(n
tugh ct *x(t-
)
Puvtos
nast
iasmillld
tt +o) Tb) btt
(ohfet
thu
re)
Bt
1lin)
slied
igal
ntigualn
V
Tb
RB
ktgnal
Tb
=
|Ct)
S;(t)
+0
bi
|P
Jy Thi
.Jhe Jhe
=
yCt)
di
=
and
linds
-
bi
[y=-Eb
hsune
bt thin to sampld
Butput
of |2€b
btt
1
Jljeuntlal
bt-1,
bt
-
di
1
tnctud
t
pply
th
l
Th
Y
LU0
atput DPSK
th
lzo1
ii
s yEbY=Eb
BPsK to in
Tursmittd
shiftn
CInpltude
= Thu
þasd
to samplid bit
B =
prepigalien
the:
|bi at
DPSK bt bi-1
PsK
T=
(oniguna
QnLede
bi bi-i Tb
he
not
data
st)
lko0
l>0
dedid
daheruekia
.
Th
= -=
dlay 1
Jard
di do bi
bignal
dk
Thun
In
=
Reatved
T. DPSk
1
b
o
put wtth
BPE
bk
do
bo
uquncy
Atma.
Product
dk-)
+ d-i
{bo,
Medulaten
(talay
hu + bi,
XNOR b,
Ruotvor:
id To Tb +bk b
dk do
ond
strus I d-i
muultipliun
gtn thu
----,bký
thu
Lonelaton
as
pwitous,
yCt)
butput
to
b
th outyut)
tha
--
bi
br bi
duuin
bi-)
intqutb1
;l>1
0
St .the .9n
Thefaus = St(t)
.9n
M- dutce
he
- mus whtth
age
abevr
y may
JE
M M t Ainee
-
muans qualen
KeS2N.
petna
Lach
E san
tnbuput
lettn
notse
be
Aln M bt
symle
btt
M2ri 1
wltin
in as
M
3 o-kan
upusarnti
thu bit
o
ltt
tnbputud
CeSA
the
deLon
CESB-sinAsirs
Pe .
.
|
21
bt
St)
tnelud
Signal.
Rutivd
Tb
1
bit
Intvwal
Pe bt|
inualon
to Bdal
ne
vje synbot
aymbet
k to
btts
aallit
APSK BPSK
stn
k
ntyal ynt
() PSs t=kT
t=kT
Tb
Stgtal
lenvotn
ditcten
Thushold
dituten
fatThuttd
Vh-o
k Phase
o
1
|and
Phase
Wodla
ten
bit paralll
Psk
disominala
t .9
(Rconstatgd
=t Thu Aa (H))
bo Q- ach
ao total =
st(t)
basis
and
T
a tM QAM
(
(j bo and
a,
{-3,-1,!,3
and
) (-3,-) Ca,)
33) can +I)
Ampltudu
21+1)A
bo rumler a,
i
uniton
)
Q=)
(-3) th (Phase QAM
(-,-) (-,)
l
take
PAM
tombinalin
C-l,-)
).CL+3).(L-).
PAM
j: te32nlct bf
C, I6
2
o., I-o tn
{(-L+).cL+).(L+)--
6ynltl
C1,-) (L-)f
--
(,-9
|M=16
nalues 2, ),2,
daon
by PAM
in
8ymbols.
QAM
--
uadoatwu.
(3.1)
(s) fom
bo 4,
d,
(3,-) (9,-)
L ú
ohtch
(L-)lL-)3
=
QeM tn t) atgnal
M
Cmplttud
PAM, 2ntct
gtvtn M.
by undratuu
ohve
3 -3
-2nfct
Modulalion)
PAM
tompoun
Jhe
Pe
o
a
:
Brial
bqunaynh, to
Paralll
I0I1
tlostlatin
GAM
2 -3
dtagam
(3)
oo0I(3,-1)
(L3)
utt
thaholds
|-4c0)
B€b
2CM-)
No
Bolal
tonwotn
Bancmttir
dato'
Auahud
Tb RB
4 Mlga o4
Pe A
Pe
-
Pe
Eb-
P=
=
Eb
== No =
l
brt
Puoblemis
lsume
- oye
(SxI0
3)
5x1o13 2
R
as
1
R
PTo 1uv
2M
bps)
mtoevttt.
btnay
suond
FSK
vfe
() .O.
10w)
Hz
2 ftn
bvot
(s0x Dhm
2No Eb
(2))
Mbps
yc on
10) >
=
Pe
-
No =
(228)
AWGN
V2x(2xo-20)
0.
O.999
2X1o0 58 honnt.
205x0
Jhu
wHz
netse
povn
pb
and
=
fe Eb
= -= = =
Tb No
A
Rb
SCt)
AWGN
in
a
o Po Rb 2x 10"
w] 1103
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0.2
MAe
hannel
bthyo
i binay
Hz tt psK
A.cOSWt
=5t+O
R= )0"wHz
P= a
1n R
P=Sx0
y
upruAAntid
V"ims systim
nat
by
tt
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s.The
upUsntd
and by
5xo?)
(5
taton
avten
Ü
2.sX103|
xIo S,(t)=
)
ampltud
ampltude Ace%
bunsmithd
af ws
NOafp
nhe =
Eb
No Pe Ro
< Thu
V
No
=1 =
(n) P.
I0-12
at
funton
=0.99
98
-
onye
Tb
Pey
VNo Eb
io4
1Mbps
|Hz
1M
btnary
data
1-2x/o
=10z vOIeN.
P= Eb (u) Ye
Pe bt)
l
No
tale
< 6ic
Datumin
=2x0
U .Gt
Tb 568x -(2.8) io. is
thh
10"
= x984
2-8
e1
The
ng notse
deutrud
15.6 2.9
to
u
ptur
poun
tavitn have
an
0.00O25.
pruh sputum
at
hu dristy
OVoage
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