Quest Journals

Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Volume 7 ~ Issue 8 (2022) pp: 68-72
ISSN(Online) : 2321-8193
www.questjournals.org
Research Paper

Optimization of Resources in Construction Using Linear

Programming and With System Approach
SUJITHRA.G
GOPIKA B GOPAN
ABSTRACT
This paper demonstrates the use of linear programming methods as applicable in the construction company.
Many construction companies are still established to derive financial profit. In this regard the main aim of such
establishment is to maximize the profit. This project is on using linear programming technique to derive the
maximum profit from resource management of building construction.Nowadays, managers are evaluated by
their decision-making. Linear programming is one of the strongest techniques which can be used by managers
to solve problems considering/subject to the settings of the problem.In this project, data will be collected from
the Public Work Department. Using Linear Programming Problems the data should be solved and the same
data will be implemented in PRIMAVERA (P6). The results from the above two were compared and the optimal
result can be adopted. Thus the resource will be optimized and come to the conclusion of project.

Received 11 August, 2022; Revised 24 August, 2022; Accepted 26 August, 2022 © The author(s)
2022. Published with open access at www.questjurnals.org

I. AIM
Linear programming is used in business to find maximum profit or minimum cost.

1.1 OBJECTIVE
 To maximize the profit or minimize the cost.
 To identify the feasible region from the linear programming problem.
 To optimal allocation of limited resources.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Maryam Solhi Lord (et all.,), Mar. 2013
The managers are evaluated by their decision-making. Linear programming is one of the strongest techniques
which can be used by managers to solve problems considering subject to the settings of the problem. By
applying the linear programming, the managers are trying to maximize their profit on one hand, and minimize
their costs on the other.
Zolfa Abdul Fattah Shalaby (etall.,), 2014
In this paper, focuses upon how it is possible to create optimal solution to the problem of production planning
through spreadsheet software packages. This opens new application horizons and new methods of teaching
management science. A numerical example is given to show the importance of this new technique.
Al-kuhali K. (et all.,), 2012
The production of Flat Panel Monitor of four sizes and will point more the products that contribute the main
function of profit. Methodology: For the Optimization of the profit of LCDs manufacturing company, the
linear programming and sensitivity analysis methods were applied. The four constraints of the LCDs production
planning are (1) acquire of line space for production, (2) the assembly of products, (3) Quality control and
assurance Hours (4) and packaging of material. Results: In all three scenarios the total profit is optimum and
increases from scenario 1 to scenario 3. The difference between the profit of scenario 1 and scenario 2 is
257625, and gap between scenario 2 and scenario 3 is 171750. Conclusion: the three scenarios for the
production of the LCDs present the varying consequences of the maximum profit for the company. However,
the third scenario is the most optimal solution for the maximization of the objective function.

*Corresponding Author: SUJITHRA.G 68 | Page

 Optimization Of Resources In Construction Using Linear Programming And With System Approach

III. METHODOLOGY

DATA COLLECTION
RAWMATERIALNEED FORBRICKSTRUCTURE QUANTITYAVAILABLEFORSTRUCTURE
Manpower(no‟s) 11550
Cement(50Kgbag) 4500
Sand (cft) 23400
Brick (no‟s) 49950

T3.1 Quantityofresourceavailableforbrickstructure

Ground Floor(per day) FirstFloor(perday) Second Floor(per day)

Resources

Manpower(no‟s) 45 43 41

Cement(50Kgbag) 20 18 13

89 86 86
Sand (cft)

T3.2 Quantityofresourcerequiredforeach floor

FLOOR PROFIT(Rs)

Ground Floor 567000

FirstFloor 729000

SecondFloor 567000

T3.3 Average Profit for Three Floors

*Corresponding Author: SUJITHRA.G 69 | Page

 Optimization Of Resources In Construction Using Linear Programming And With System Approach
ID Activitydescription Duration Predecessor
1 Earthworkexcavationforfoundation 5 -
2 Earthworkopenexcavationforseptictank 3 1
3 Cementconcretemix1:5:10 15 1
4 RandomRubbleMasonryincementmortar 1:5 5 2,3
5 Refillingthebasement withexcavatedearth 2 4
6 Supplyingandfillinginfoundation andbasementwith 4 5
stonedust
7 Roughstonedrypackingfillingusingstones 2 5
8 Dampproofcourseincementmortar1:4 8 5
9 Supplyinganderectingshuttering 10 6,7,8
10 Supplyinganderectingwater tightsteel 3 9
11 Cement Concretemix1:1.5:3 3 9
12 Supplying,fabricatingandplacinginpositionofmild 7 9
steel
13 Brickpartitionwallsusingcountrybricks 35 10
14 Precastreinforcedcementconcreteslab 10 13
15 Weatheringcourseconcreteusingbrokenbrick 15 14
16 CeilingplasteringandfinishingalltheexposedRCC 20 15
surfaces
17 Plasteringwithcementmortar1:5 10 16
18 Providing blackboardin twolayers ofcementmortar1:3 5 16
19 Pre-constructionanti-termitetreatmentplintharea 2 17
20 Pavingthefloorwith Rajasthan kotastone 5 11,12,19
21 Pavingthefloorwitheurocontiles 10 18,20
22 Supplyingandfixingcupboard shutter 3 21
23 Manufacturingsupplyingandfixingofsteeldoors 10 22
24 Manufacturingsupplyingandfixingofsteeldoors 9 23
25 Supplyingandfixingofmildsteelwindow 5 24
26 Manufacturing supplying and fixing in position 10 23,24
steelsheetedwindows
27 Supplyingandfixingirongrillsforwindows, 4 26
ventilators
28 Supplyingandfixingsteelbalsustrades 3 27
29 SupplyingandfixingG.I.pipehandrails 5 27
30 Providingreinforcedcementconcretejally 20 27
31 Whitewashingthreecoat 7 28,29,30
32 Distemperingtwocoats 5 31
33 Paintingthewallswith twocoats 5 31
34 Supplyingandpaintingnewironwork 3 31
35 Drillingofborewell 2 32
36 SupplyofPVCplaincasingpipes 2 35
37 Supplying,layingandjoiningP.V.C.pipes 2 36
38 SupplyingandfixingofPVCwatertank 3 37
39 Totalvalueofelectricalwork 2 38
40 ProvisionforRainwaterHarvesting 2 39
41 Provisionforlabourwelfarefund1% 2 39
42 Provisionforfoundationstonelaying 2 40
43 Provisionforadvertisementcharges 2 38,39,42
44 ProvisionforGeophysicalsurvey 2 41,43
45 Provision for Documentationcharges 2 44
46 Provision forPhotographiccharges 2 45
47 ProvisionforNameboardarrangement 5 46
48 Provision forFrontelevation 5 46,47
49 Provisionforpettysupervisioncharges 5 48
50 Finishingwork 0 49
T3.4 DESCRIPTION DETAILS

PROCEDURE FOR SIMPLEX METHOD

STEP 1
Convert the linear programming (LP) to standard form. Check the objective function is maximizes or minimize.

STEP 2
To introduce the slack variables convert the inequality constraint into equality constraint.
STEP 3
Find the initial basic feasible solution.

*Corresponding Author: SUJITHRA.G 70 | Page

 Optimization Of Resources In Construction Using Linear Programming And With System Approach

STEP 4
To compute the net evaluation.
STEP 5
To find the entering variable.
STEP 6
To find the leaving variable.
STEP 7
To drop the leaving variable and introduce the entering variable.
STEP 8
To repeat the step 4 until the optimum feasible solution is obtained.
STEP 9
Finally the optimum solution was obtained.
IMPLEMENT THE DATA WITH SYSTEM APPROACH
In this linear programming problem can be solved in computer program by using different software. The
software‟s are PRIMAVERA, MATLAB, LINDO, and AMPL etc. In this project PRIMAVERA is used.

PRIMAVERA
Resource Balancing
Resource Balancing is a process that gives an idea about availability of sufficient resources to perform
the activities in the chosen project according to the plan. During resource balancing, an activity is only
scheduled to occur when its resource demands are met. To accomplish this, tasks may be delayed to resolve
conflicts related to resource availability. The resources in a project can be smoothened and also leveled.

Resource Leveling
The network technique focuses on time element and assumes that unlimited resources are available for
assigning to the activities to satisfy the time schedule.But when resources are limited, the “critical path” and
“slack” lose their significance. Activity may be delayed due to non-availability of resources as well as due to
change in the sequence of tasks. The process of distribution of available resources to meet the objectives of
various activities constituting a project is called “Resource Allocation” or “Resource Loading”. This is done in a
way so that the project completion schedule is least affected. The act of taking a project with people assigned to
a bunch of tasks and making it so that they don't have to work overtime is called Resource Levelling.

IV. CONCLUSION
This paper gives more ideas about optimization of resources, and also states that the managers have
tried to maximize the profit in one hand and minimize the cost on other hand. The linear programming model is
used by the managers to determine the most economical arrangement of finance to arrange the best times to start
and finish the projects. In this paper I have studied various journal papers about the resource optimization and I
have understood the application of linear programming in resource optimization in construction industry. It is
recommended that linear programming method is adoptable for optimization of resources in construction
industry.

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*Corresponding Author: SUJITHRA.G 72 | Page