Created by T.

Madas

PARTIAL
DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

TRANSFORMATIONS

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
The smooth function f = f ( x, y ) satisfies

∂f ∂f
= .
∂x ∂y

Find the general solution of the above partial differential equation by using the
transformation equations

x = u + v and y = u − v .

f ( x, y ) = F ( x + y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
The smooth function z = z ( x, y ) satisfies

∂z ∂z
y + x = xy .
∂x ∂y

Find the general solution of the above partial differential equation by using the
transformation equations

u = x 2 + y 2 and v = x 2 − y 2 .

( ) (
z ( x, y ) = 1 x 2 + y 2 + f x 2 − y 2
4 )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
The smooth function z = z ( x, y ) satisfies

∂z ∂z 2
+ = 6( x + y ) z2 .
∂x ∂y

Find the general solution of the above partial differential equation by using the
transformation equations

ξ = x + y and η = x − y .

1
MM4-C , z ( x, y ) = − 3
( x + y) − f ( x − y)

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
The smooth function z = z ( x, y ) satisfies

∂z ∂z
+ =1.
∂x ∂y

Find the general solution of the above partial differential equation by using the
transformation equations

x = u 2 + v 2 and y = u 2 − v 2 .

MM4-D , z ( x, y ) = 1 ( x + y ) + f
2 ( x− y )

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 5

∂z ∂z
( x + y) + ( y − x) = 0 .
∂x ∂y

Transform the above partial differential equation using the equations

 y
2 (
u = 1 ln x 2 + y 2 ) and v = arctan   .
x

∂z ∂z
MM4-E , − =0
∂u ∂v

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 6
The function z depends on x and y so that

z = f ( u, v ) , u = x − 2 y and v= x+2 y .

Show that the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z ∂z
2 − 2y − =0,
∂x 2 ∂y 2 ∂y

can be simplified to

∂2 z
=0.
∂u∂v

MM1O , proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7

∂ 2ϕ ∂ 2ϕ
+ = 0.
∂x 2 ∂y 2

The above partial differential equation is Laplace’s equation in a two dimensional

Cartesian system of coordinates.

Show clearly that Laplace’s equation in the standard two dimensional Polar system of
coordinates is given by

∂ 2ϕ 1 ∂ϕ 1 ∂ 2ϕ
+ + = 0.
∂r 2 r ∂r r 2 ∂θ 2

proof

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 Created by T. Madas

FIRST ORDER P.D.E.s

∂z ∂z
= F ( x, y, z ) or = G ( x, y, z ) for z = z ( x, y )
∂x ∂y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
It is given that z = F ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z
+ 2 yz = xy 3 .
∂y

Determine a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

( )
2
MM4-A , z = 1 x y 2 − 1 + e− y f ( x )
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

FIRST ORDER P.D.E.s

(by linear transformations)

∂z ∂z
A + B + Cz = G ( x, y ) , z = z ( x, y )
∂x ∂y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
It is given that ψ = ψ ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ψ ∂ψ
3 −4 = x2 .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

ξ = Ax + By and η = Cx + Dy , AD − BC ≠ 0

with suitable values of A , B , C and D , in order to determine a general solution of

the above partial differential equation.

MM4-B , ψ ( x, y ) = 1 x3 + f ( 4 x + 3 y )
9

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ =z.
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = ax + by and v = cx + dy , ad − bc ≠ 0

in order to determine a general solution of the above partial differential equation,

showing further that this general solution is independent of the choice of values of
the constants of a , b , c and d .

z = e x F ( x − y ) or z = ey G( x − y)

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ +z=x.
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

ξ = Ax + By and η = Cx + Dy , AD − BC ≠ 0

with suitable values of A , B , C and D , in order to determine a general solution of

the above partial differential equation.

z = x − 1 + e− x f ( x − y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
It is given that ϕ = ϕ ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ϕ ∂ϕ
− = sin x + cos y .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = ax + by and v = cx + dy , ad − bc ≠ 0

with suitable values of a , b , c and d , in order to determine a general solution of the

above partial differential equation.

ϕ ( x, y ) = F ( x + y ) − cos x − sin y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ 3 − 2 z + 4 y 2 − 22 y + 4 x + 13 = 0 .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = ax + by and v = cx + dy , ad − bc ≠ 0

with suitable values of a , b , c and d , in order to determine a general solution of the

above partial differential equation.

z = 2 y 2 + 2 x − 5 y + e2 x f ( 3x − y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 6
It is given that ϕ = ϕ ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ϕ ∂ϕ
2 + + 6ϕ = 37sin y .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = Ax + By and v = Cx + Dy , AD − BC ≠ 0

with suitable values of A , B , C and D , in order to determine a general solution of

the above partial differential equation.

ϕ ( x, y ) = 6sin y − cos y + e−3 x f ( x − 2 y ) = 6sin y − cos y + e−6 y g ( x − 2 y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
It is given that ϕ = ϕ ( x, y, z ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ϕ ∂ϕ ∂ϕ
+ + =ϕ .
∂x ∂y ∂z

Use the transformation equations

u = a1x + b1 y + c1z , v = a2 x + b2 y + c2 z and w = a3 x + b3 y + c3 z ,

a1 b1 c1
where a2 b2 c2 ≠ 0 ,
a3 b3 c3

in order to determine a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

ϕ ( x, y , z ) = f [ x − y , y − z ] e x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

FIRST ORDER P.D.E.s

(by transformations)

∂z ∂z
A ( x , y ) + B ( x , y ) + C ( x , y ) z = G ( x, y ) ,
∂x ∂y
z = z ( x, y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
It is given that ψ = f ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ψ ∂ψ
x2 − xy + yψ = 0 .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = u ( x, y ) and v = v ( x, y ) ,

for suitable functions u and v , in order to determine a general solution of the above
partial differential equation.

y
ψ ( x, y ) = e 2 x g ( xy )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x − 7 y = 5x2 y .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = u ( x, y ) and v = v ( x, y ) ,

for suitable functions u and v , in order to determine a general solution of the above
partial differential equation.

( )
z ( x, y ) = f yx 7 − yx 2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
It is given that ϕ = ϕ ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ϕ ∂ϕ
2 + + 6ϕ = 37sin y .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = u ( x, y ) and v = v ( x, y ) ,

for suitable functions u and v , in order to determine a general solution of the above
partial differential equation.

ϕ ( x, y ) = 6sin y − cos y + e−3 x f ( x − 2 y ) = 6sin y − cos y + e−6 y g ( x − 2 y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
xy − x 2 + yz = 3 x 2 y .
∂x ∂y

Use the transformation equations

u = u ( x, y ) and v = v ( x, y ) ,

for suitable functions u and v , in order to determine a general solution of the above
partial differential equation.

1
z ( x, y ) = x 2 +
x
(
f x2 + y2 )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

FIRST ORDER P.D.E.s

(by Lagrange’s method)

∂z ∂z
P ( x, y , z ) + Q ( x, y , z ) = R ( x, y , z ) , z = z ( x, y )
∂x ∂y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ = cos ( x + y ) .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method, to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

z = 1 sin ( x + y ) + f ( y − x )
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ +z=x.
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

z = x − 1 + e− x f ( x − y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x =y .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method, to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

z = f ( xy )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ 3 = 6z .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method to show that the general solution of the above partial
differential equation can be written as

z ( x, y ) = e 6 x g ( 3 x − y ) ,

where g is an arbitrary function of 3 x − y .

proof

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x2 + y2 = z2 .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

x
z=
1 1
1+ x f  − 
 y x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 6
It is given that ϕ = ϕ ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ϕ ∂ϕ
sec x + = cot y .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method, to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

ϕ ( x, y ) = ln sin y + f ( y − sin x )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
sec x + = cos y .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method, to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

z ( x, y ) = sin y + f ( y − sin x )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ 2 = tanh ( x + y ) .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

z ( x, y ) = f ( 2 x − y ) + 1 ln cosh ( x + y ) 
3

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 9
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
xz + yz + x 2 + y 2 = 0 .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

 y
z 2 = f   − x2 − y2
 x

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 10
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
z +z = y−x.
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s method, to determine the general solution of the above partial
differential equation.

z2 = 2x ( y − x) + f ( x − y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 11
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z x 2 + y 2
( y − x) + ( y + x) = .
∂x ∂y z

Use Lagrange’s Multipliers method for derivatives, to find the general solution of the
above partial differential equation.

z 2 = y 2 − x2 + f 2 y 2 − ( x + y ) 
2
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 12
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x( y − z) + y ( z − x) = z ( x − y) .
∂x ∂y

Use Lagrange’s Multipliers method for derivatives, to find the general solution of the
above partial differential equation.

x + y + z = f ( xyz ) or xyz = g ( x + y + z )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 13
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

(
x y2 − z2 ) ∂∂xz + y ( z 2 − x2 ) ∂∂yz = z ( x2 − y 2 ) .
Use Lagrange’s Multipliers method for derivatives, to find the general solution of the
above partial differential equation.

(
xyz = f x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ) or x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = g ( xyz )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 14
The surface S has Cartesian equation

z = f ( x, y ) .

The tangent plane at any point on S passes through the point ( 0,0, −1) .

a) Show that

∂z ∂z
x + y − z =1.
∂x ∂y

b) Hence find the general expression for an equation for S .

x
z = −1 + x G  
 y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

FIRST ORDER P.D.E.s

(Boundary Value Problems)

∂z ∂z
P ( x, y , z ) + Q ( x, y , z ) = R ( x, y , z ) , z = z ( x, y )
∂x ∂y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1

∂z 1 ∂z
+ = cos x .
∂x 2 ∂t

Solve the above partial differential equation given that z = z ( x, t ) and further satisfies
the initial condition z ( x,0 ) = 0 .

z ( x, y ) = sin x − sin ( x − 2t )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ = 2z ( x + y ) .
∂x ∂y

a) Use the transformation equations

u = x + y and v = x − y ,

to find a general solution for the above partial differential equation.

b) Given further that when z ( x, y ) = x 2 at x + y = 1 , find the value of z (1,0 ) .

1 ( x + y )2
MM4-A , z ( x, y ) = g ( x − y ) e 2 , z (1, 0 ) = 1

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
2 +3 = z .
∂x ∂y

Given further that z = y at x = 1 for all y , find the solution of the above partial
differential equation.

1 ( x −1)
MM4-C , z ( x, y ) = 1 ( 3 − 3 x + 2 y ) e 2
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ =z.
∂x ∂y

Given further that z ( x,0 ) = cos x , find the solution of the above partial differential
equation.

z ( x, y ) = e y cos ( x − y )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x2 + y2 + z2 = 0 .
∂x ∂y

The plane with equation z = 1 meets S on the curve with equation xy = x + y .

Find a Cartesian equation of S , in the form z = f ( x, y ) .

MM4-B , z = 1 ( 3 − 3 x + 2 y ) e 2
1( x−1)
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 6
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
xz + yz + xy = 0 .
∂x ∂y

S contains the curve with equation

xy = 1 , z = x , ∀x .

Find a Cartesian equation of S , in the form z = f ( x, y ) .

x
MM4-D , z ( x, y ) = − xy + 1
y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

( x2 + 1) ∂∂xz + 2 xy ∂∂yz − xy = 0 .
S contains the curve with equation

2
( )
z ( x,1) = x 2 + 1 , 1 ≤ x ≤ 2 .
2 3

Find a Cartesian equation of S , in the form z 2 = f ( x, y ) .

2 y5
z = 4
( x2 + 1)

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
+ = 2z ( x + y ) .
∂x ∂y

Given further that when z ( x, y ) = x 2 at x + y = 1 , find the solution of the above

partial differential equation.

z ( x, y ) = 1 ( x − y + 1) exp  1 ( x + y + 1)( x + y − 1) 
2
4 2 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 9
It is given that z = z ( x, t ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
ex + =0, z ( x,0 ) = tanh x .
∂x ∂t

Find the solution of the above partial differential equation, in the form z = f ( x, t ) .

MM4-C , z ( x, y ) = − tanh ln t + e− x 

( )
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 10
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
z −z = y−x, z (1, y ) = y 2 .
∂x ∂t

Find the solution of the above partial differential equation, in the form z 2 = f ( x, y ) .

4
z 2 = 2 xy + ( x + y − 1) − 2 ( x + y − 1)

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 11
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x − 3 y = x2 y .
∂x ∂y

a) Use the transformation equations

ξ ( x, y ) = ln x and η ( x, y ) = ln y ,

to transform the above partial differential equation into one with constant
coefficients.

b) Given further that z (1, y ) = y , find a Cartesian equation of S , giving the

answer in the form z = f ( x, y ) .

∂z ∂z
− 3 = e 2ξ +η , z ( x, y ) = 2 x3 y + x 2 y
∂x ∂y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 12
It is given that u = u ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂u ∂u
3 y2 + − xy 2u = 0 .
∂x ∂y

1 x2
It is further given that when x = y + y 3 , u ( x ) = x e 6 .

1 x2
Find a simplified expression for u = u ( x, y ) , in the form u ( x, y ) = f ( x, y ) e 6 ,
where f is a function to be determined.

 3  1 x2
( ) ( )
u ( x, y ) =  y 3 − x + y 3 − x  e 6
 

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 13
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
2 +3 = z .
∂x ∂y

It is further given that

z ( x,0 ) = tan 3x , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 .

Find a Cartesian equation of S , in the form z = f ( x, y ) , further describing the

relation of S to the x-y plane.

( )
z ( x, y ) = 1 5e x + 1 tan ( 3 x − y ) , 3 x − 3 ≤ y ≤ 3 x
6

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 14
The function f , with equation z = f ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
( y − z) + ( z − x) = x − y .
∂x ∂y

It is further given that

f ( x, y ) = 0 , when y = 2 x .

Find a Cartesian equation of f , giving the answer in the form z = f ( x, y ) .

z ( x, y ) = − x − y + 3 5 x 2 + 5 y 2 + 5 z 2
5

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 15
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
xz + yz = xy .
∂x ∂y

The plane with equation z = 1 intersects S along the curve with equation

y = 2 x 2 , −1 < x < 1 .

Determine a Cartesian equation of S , giving the answer in the form z 2 = f ( x, y ) ,

sketching the projection of S on the x-y plane.

y3
z ( x, y ) = xy + 1 −
4 x3

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 16
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
yz − xz = xy .
∂x ∂y

a) Find a general solution of the partial differential equation.

The plane with equation y = 0 intersects S along the curve with equation

z = sin x , 1 < x < 2 .

b) Find a Cartesian equation of S , giving the answer in the form z 2 = f ( x, y ) ,

sketching the projection of S on the x-y plane.

c) Show that the characteristic curves of the partial differential equation are the
intersections of the families of two circular cylinders.

x
z ( x, y ) = − xy + 1
y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 17
It is given that z = z ( x, t ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
x + ( t − 1) = 0 .
∂x ∂t

It is further given that

1 − x x < 1
2
z ( x,0 ) =  .
 0 x ≥1

( )
Solve the above partial differential equation, and hence evaluate z 1 , 1 and z 3, 1 .
6 3 3 ( )

( ) ( )
z 1 , 1 = 15 , z 3, 1 = 0
6 3 16 3

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 18
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , satisfies the partial differential equation

∂z ∂z
2 +3 = z .
∂x ∂y

It is further given that the plane with equation x = 1 meets S along the straight line
with equation z = y , −1 ≤ y ≤ 1 .

Find a Cartesian equation of S , in the form z = f ( x, y ) , further describing the

relation of S to the x-y plane.

1 ( x −1)
z ( x, y ) = 1 ( 3 − 3 x + 2 y ) e 2 , 3x−5 ≤ y ≤ 3x−1
2 2 2 2 2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 19
The surface S , with equation z = z ( x, y ) , is orthogonal to the sphere with Cartesian
equation

x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 2 x .

It is further given that S passes through the plane with equation y = x at z = 1 .

2

z ( x,0 ) = tan 3 x , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 .

Find a Cartesian equation of S , in the form z = f ( x, y ) .

z ( x, y ) = 1 (1 + y − x )
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

SECOND ORDER P.D.E.s

∂2z ∂2z ∂2z
P 2 +Q + Q 2 = 0, z = z ( x, y )
∂x ∂x ∂y ∂y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z ∂2 z
−3 +2 2 =0.
∂x 2 ∂x ∂y ∂y

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z = f ( x + y ) + g ( 2x + y )

Question 2
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z
= .
∂x 2 ∂y 2

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z = f ( y + x) + g ( y − x)

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2z ∂2 z
−4 + 4 2 = 0.
∂x 2 ∂x ∂y ∂y

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z = f ( 2x + y ) + x g ( 2x + y )

Question 4
It is given that z = z ( x, t ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z ∂2z
+ 15 =8 .
∂x 2 ∂t 2 ∂x∂t

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z ( x, t ) = f ( 3 x + t ) + g ( 5 x + t )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
It is given that ϕ = ϕ ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂ 2ϕ
∇ 2ϕ = 2 .
∂x∂y

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z = f ( x + y) + x g ( x + y)

Question 6
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z ∂2 z
+5 + 6 2 = 2e x − y .
∂x 2 ∂x∂y ∂y

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z ( x, y ) = f ( y − 2 x ) + g ( y − 3 x ) + e x − y

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z ∂2 z
∂x 2
−4
∂x∂y ∂y
(
+ 4 2 = 48 x 2 + y 2 . )
Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

z ( x, y ) = f ( 2 x + y ) + x g ( 2 x + y ) + 4 x 4 + y 4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8
It is given that z = z ( x, y ) satisfies the partial differential equation

∂2z ∂2 z ∂2 z
x2 + 2 xy + y2 2 = 0 .
∂x 2 ∂x∂y ∂y

Find a general solution of the above partial differential equation.

 y  y
z ( x, y ) = f   + x f  
x x

Created by T. Madas