Scribd
Upload
38 views8 pages

Coursera Activity 2

Uploaded by

Abhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views8 pages

Coursera Activity 2

Uploaded by

Abhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

School of Computer Science and Information Technology

Department of BCA (CS Specialization)

5th Semester

INTRODUCTION TO CRYPTOGRAPHY

Activity 2 – Coursera Certification course

Submitted By –
ABHISHEK KUMAR
USN:22BCAR0115

Under the Supervision of

Dr. N.R Solomon Jebaraj

DEPARTMENT OF BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATION


Jain Deemed-to-be University
Jayanagar 560069, Bangalore
Karnataka, India
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Abhishek Kumar has satisfactorily completed activity


prescribed by JAIN (Deemed-To-Be university ) for the 5th semester degree course
in the year 2023-2024.
Assignment topic (Asymmetric Cryptography and Key Management)

S.no CRITERIA MARKS OBTAINED


1. Report

Dr. N.R Solomon Jebaraj,


Program Head, BCA, MCA –AI/ML & CS,
Asst. Professor, School of CS-IT
INTRODUCTION:

The "Asymmetric Cryptography and Key Management" course focuses on


public-key cryptography, where different keys (a public key and a private key) are
used for encryption and decryption, making cryptographic operations asymmetric.
Unlike symmetric cryptography, which uses a single shared key, asymmetric
cryptography provides distinct functionalities for key pairs. The course explores key
principles, asymmetric encryption schemes like RSA, and protocols like Diffie-
Hellman for secure communications and key management.

This course is crucial for understanding how public-key systems secure data,
focusing on key distribution, public-key infrastructure (PKI), and digital certificates.
A strong foundation in discrete mathematics and modulo arithmetic is recommended
as it underpins the security of asymmetric cryptographic algorithms.

Module 1: Asymmetric Cryptography Overview

The first module provides an overview of asymmetric cryptography. It highlights


the difference between symmetric and asymmetric systems, where two keys—public
and private—are used. Asymmetric cryptography ensures message confidentiality
and authentication, forming the core of modern encryption methods.

- Topics Covered:
1. Asymmetric Cryptography: Understanding how a public key encrypts a message
and a private key decrypts it, or vice versa, to ensure secure communication.
2. Asymmetric Encryption for Message Confidentiality: How encryption protects
confidentiality when the sender uses the recipient’s public key.
3. Digital Signatures for Authentication: Ensuring the integrity of a message by
signing it with the sender's private key.
4. Trapdoor One-Way Function: A crucial cryptographic principle where functions
are easy to compute but difficult to reverse without specific information (the
trapdoor).

This module introduces the foundations of asymmetric encryption, showing how


public and private key pairs help secure messages and verify authenticity.
- Graded Assignments:
1. Asymmetric Cryptography Overview
2. Asymmetric Cryptography Framework

Module 2: RSA Algorithm

The RSA algorithm, one of the most widely used asymmetric encryption algorithms,
is the focus of this module. RSA's security is based on the Prime Factorization
Problem, which involves factoring large integers into prime numbers—a
computationally hard problem that ensures RSA’s robustness.

- Key Concepts:
1. RSA Key Setup: Involves generating a pair of keys—public and private—based
on large prime numbers.
2. RSA Encryption and Decryption: The public key encrypts a message, while the
private key decrypts it.
3. Prime Factorization: RSA relies on the difficulty of factoring the product of two
large primes.
4. RSA Security: RSA's security depends on the difficulty of factoring large
integers, making brute-force attacks infeasible.

The RSA algorithm's importance lies in its ability to encrypt data securely and allow
the receiver to decrypt it using a private key, forming the backbone of secure
communication in asymmetric systems.

- Graded Assignments:
1. RSA Operations
2. RSA Algorithm

Module 3: Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange

This module covers the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Protocol, a foundational


method for securely exchanging cryptographic keys over a public channel. The
protocol's security is based on the Discrete Logarithm Problem, which is
computationally difficult to solve.
- Key Topics:
1. Discrete Logarithm Problem: A mathematical challenge that underpins the
security of the Diffie-Hellman protocol.
2. Primitive Root of a Prime Integer: A number that helps compute the discrete
logarithms necessary for the Diffie-Hellman exchange.
3. Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Protocol: Enables two parties to generate a shared
secret key even when communicating over an insecure channel.
4. Man-in-the-Middle Attack: A security flaw in the basic Diffie-Hellman protocol,
where an attacker can intercept and manipulate the key exchange.

The Diffie-Hellman protocol is essential for exchanging symmetric keys securely,


enabling encrypted communication without pre-shared keys.

- Graded Assignments:
1. Discrete Logarithm and Primitive Root
2. Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange and El Gamal Encryption

Module 4: Key Distribution and Management

This module delves into the distribution and management of cryptographic keys,
focusing on the challenges of ensuring secure key exchange and distribution in large
networks. Key management ensures that only legitimate users can decrypt and
access the data.

- Key Concepts:
1. Key Distribution Approaches: Describes how cryptographic keys are shared
among parties, including centralized and decentralized approaches.
2. Public-Key Authority: A trusted entity that helps verify the identities of users
and distribute their public keys securely.
3. Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI): The system that manages digital certificates
and public key distribution, ensuring large-scale secure communications.
4. Digital Certificates: Authentication tools that bind a public key to an entity,
ensuring the entity’s identity.
Managing keys is critical to ensuring the secure use of cryptographic systems, and
PKI plays a central role in public-key management.

- Graded Assignment: Key Distribution and Management

LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Understand the Principles of Asymmetric Cryptography:


- Grasp the fundamental differences between symmetric and asymmetric
cryptography.
- Explain how public-private key pairs work in securing communications.

2. Implement Asymmetric Encryption for Message Confidentiality:


- Apply asymmetric encryption techniques to ensure message confidentiality.
- Demonstrate the use of a public key for encryption and a private key for
decryption, and vice versa.

3. Utilize Digital Signatures for Authentication:


- Understand how digital signatures verify message authenticity and integrity.
- Implement signature generation and verification using public and private keys.

4. Analyze the RSA Algorithm:


- Comprehend the mathematical basis of RSA, including prime factorization.
- Perform RSA key generation, encryption, and decryption operations.
- Assess the security of RSA and understand the computational challenges that
protect it from attacks.

5. Explain and Implement the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Protocol:


- Understand the Discrete Logarithm Problem and its importance in the Diffie-
Hellman protocol.
- Describe how Diffie-Hellman allows two parties to establish a shared secret over
an insecure channel.
- Identify potential vulnerabilities in the Diffie-Hellman protocol, such as the man-
in-the-middle attack.

6. Understand Key Management and Distribution:


- Recognize the challenges of cryptographic key management in large-scale
systems.
- Explain different approaches to key distribution, including centralized and
decentralized models.
- Understand the role of Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI) in managing public keys
and digital certificates.
- Demonstrate the use of digital certificates to authenticate public keys.

COURSE CERTIFICATE:
CONCLUSION:

The "Asymmetric Cryptography and Key Management" course offers a


comprehensive exploration of public-key cryptography and its critical role in
modern security systems. By delving into the theoretical principles and practical
applications of asymmetric cryptography, learners develop a clear understanding of
how public-private key pairs enhance security through encryption, authentication,
and digital signatures.

Through detailed study of the RSA algorithm, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, and
key distribution methods, participants learn to implement secure cryptographic
systems and analyze their strengths and vulnerabilities. The course also provides a
solid foundation in key management, highlighting the challenges of distributing and
validating cryptographic keys on a large scale, particularly through Public-Key
Infrastructure (PKI).

By the end of this course, learners are equipped with the knowledge and skills to
apply asymmetric cryptography in various real-world scenarios, from securing
digital communications to managing cryptographic keys. This course is vital for
anyone seeking a deeper understanding of cryptography and its applications in
today’s security-driven digital landscape.

You might also like