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Introduction to Software Testing

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Nitheesh Kumar AITS
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Introduction to Software Testing

Uploaded by

Nitheesh Kumar AITS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Software Testing

Introduction to Software Testing


Software testing is the process of evaluating a software application to ensure it functions as
intended, meets specified requirements, and is free of defects. Testing involves executing
the software in controlled conditions to detect and fix bugs or flaws that might affect
performance, security, or usability.

**Goals of Software Testing**

1. **Verification**: Ensuring the software matches its design specifications.


2. **Validation**: Confirming the software meets user expectations and business
requirements.
3. **Defect Detection**: Identifying errors in the software.
4. **Quality Assurance**: Delivering a reliable, high-performing, and secure product.

**Why is Testing Necessary?**

- Enhances software quality and reliability.


- Prevents costly errors in production.
- Improves user satisfaction.
- Reduces security vulnerabilities.

Types of Software Testing


**1. Manual Testing**
- Conducted by human testers without automated tools.
- Includes exploratory, ad-hoc, and usability testing.
- Useful for testing new functionality or user interfaces.

**2. Automated Testing**


- Uses scripts and tools to run tests.
- Suitable for repetitive or large-scale testing, such as regression tests.
- Examples of tools: Selenium, JUnit, and TestNG.

**3. Functional Testing**


- Focuses on verifying the system’s functionality.
- Includes unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing.

**4. Non-Functional Testing**


- Tests aspects like performance, scalability, and security.
- Includes load testing, stress testing, and security testing.
Levels of Software Testing
**1. Unit Testing**
- Tests individual components or modules.
- Performed during development by developers.

**2. Integration Testing**


- Verifies data flow and interaction between integrated modules.
- Detects interface defects.

**3. System Testing**


- Tests the entire system as a whole.
- Ensures the software meets specified requirements.

**4. Acceptance Testing**


- Conducted to verify if the system meets business needs.
- Includes alpha testing (internal users) and beta testing (external users).

**5. Regression Testing**


- Ensures that changes or updates to the software don’t introduce new bugs.

Importance of Software Testing


**Key Benefits**
1. **Reliability**: Testing ensures the software functions correctly under various
conditions.
2. **Security**: Detects vulnerabilities and ensures protection against threats like data
breaches.
3. **Performance**: Identifies issues such as slow response times, ensuring optimal
performance.
4. **Cost-Effectiveness**: Fixing bugs during development is less expensive than addressing
them post-deployment.
5. **User Satisfaction**: Delivering a high-quality product that meets or exceeds user
expectations.

**Future Trends in Software Testing**

- Artificial intelligence (AI) for predictive analysis and test case generation.
- Shift-left testing for early defect detection.
- Increased focus on security and performance testing.

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