STD 9 Maths Total Marks : 123

polynomial and surface area practice sheet 9th

section A

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [33]

1. If (x + y)3 - (x - y)3 - 6y(x2 - y2) = ky2, then k =

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 8

Ans. :
d. 8
Solution:
Let x + y = A and x - y = B
Now, (A - B)3 = A3 - B3 - 3AB(A - B)
⇒ [(x + y) - (x - y)]3 = (x + y)3 - (x - y)3 - 3(x + y)(x - y)[(x + y) - (x - y)]
= (x + y)3 - (x - y)3 - 3(x2 - y2)(2y)
= (x + y)3 - (x - y)3 - 6y(x2 - y2)
But, (x + y)3 - (x - y)3 - 6y(x2 - y2) = ky3
⇒ [(x + y) - (x - y)]3 = (2y)3 = k8y3
⇒ (2y)3 = ky3
⇒ 8y3 = ky3
⇒k=8
Hence, correct option is (d).
2. If x + 2 and x - 1 are the factor of x3 + 10x2 + mx + n, then the values of m and n
are respectively.
(A) 5 and -3 (B) 7 and -18 (C) 23 and -19 (D) 17 and -8
Ans. :
b. 7 and -18
Solution:
It is given (x + 2) and (x - 1) are the factors of the polynomial f(x)= x3 + 10x2
+ mx + n
i.e., f(-2) = 0 and f(1) = 0
New,
f(-2) = (-2)3 + 10(-2)2 + m(-2) + n = 0
-8 + 40 - 2m + n =0
⇒ -2m + n = -32
⇒ 2m - n = 32 ....(i)
f(1) = (1)3 + 10(1)2 + m(1) + n = 0

Page 1
 1 + 10 + m + n = 0
m + n = -11 .....(ii)
Solving equation (i) and (ii) we get,
m = 7 and n = -18
3. Write the correct answer in the following:
If x + 1 is a factor of the polynomial 2x2 + kx, then the value of k is.
(A) -3 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) -2
Ans. :
c. 2
Solution:
Let p(x) = 2x2 + kx
Since, (x + 1) is a factor of p(x), then
p(-1) = 0
2(-1)2 + k(-1) = 0
⇒2-k=0
⇒k=2
4. If (x + 1) and (x - 1) are factors of px3 + x2 - 2x + p then value of p and q are.

(A) p = -1, q = 2 (B) p = 2, q = -1 (C) p = 2, q = 1 (D) p = -2, q = -2

Ans. :
b. p = 2, q = -1
Solution:
Given: f(x) =px3 + x2 - 2x + q
If x + 1 is a factor of f(x).
Then f(-1) = 0
p(-1)3 + (-1)2 - 2(1) + q = 0
-p + 1 + 2 + q = 0
-p + q = -3
p - q = 3 ......(i)
Also, if x - 1 is a factor of f(x), then
p(1)3 + (1)2 - 2(1) + q = 0
p+1-2+q=0
p + q = 1 ......(ii)
2p = 4
p=2
subtracting eq.(ii) from eq. (i),
we get,
-2q = 2
q = -1

Page 2
 q = -1
Therefore, p = 2, q = -1
5. Write the correct answer in the following:
Which one of the following is a polynomial?
−−−−−
(A)
2
x
−
2
(B) √2x − 1 3
(D) x−1

(C) x 3x
2 2
2
2 x+1
x +
√x

Ans. :
3

c. x
2
+
3x

√x
2

Solution:
a. Now, , it is not a polynomial, because exponent of x
2 2
x 2 x −2
− = − 2x 2
2 x 2

is -2 which is not a whole number.

1

b. Now, it is not a polynomial, because exponent of

−−−−− −−
√2x − 1 = √2x 2 − 1,

x is −
1

2
which is not a whole number.
3

c. Now, it is not a polynomial,

3 1 2
2 3x 2 2 − 2 2
x + = x + 3x 2 2 = x + 3x 2 = x + 3x,
√x

because exponent of x is which is a whole number.

d. x−1

x+1
, it is not a polynomial because it is a rational function.
6.
If 49a
2
− b = (7a +
1

2
)(7a −
1

2
), then the value of b is:

(A) 0 (B) 1

4
(C) 1

√2
(D) 1

Ans. :
b. 1

Solution:
2
1 1 2 1
(7a + )(7a − ) = (7a) −( )
2 2 2

[by using identity (a + b)(a - b) = a2 - b2]

1 1 2 1
⇒ (7a + )(7a − ) = 49a −
2 2 4

2 2 1
⇒ 49a − b = 49a −
4

1
⇒ b =
4

Hence, correct option is (b).

7. (a - b)3 + (b - c)3 + (c - a)3 =

(A) (a + b + c)(a2 + (B) (a - b)(b - c)(c - a) (C) 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a) (D) None of these.

b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)

Ans. :

Page 3
 c. 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a)
Solution:
Let
a-b=A
b-c=B
c-a=C
Now (A + B + C)3 = A3 + B3 + C3 + 3(A + B)(B + C)(C + A)
⇒ A3 + B3 + C3 = (A + B + C)3 - 3(A + B)(B + C)(C + A)
Now putting values of A, B and C. we get
3 3 3
(a − b) + (b − c) + (c − a)

3
= (a̸ − b̸ + b̸ − c̸ + c̸ − a̸)

− 3(a − b̸ + b̸ − c)(b − c̸ + c̸ − a)(c − a̸ + a̸ − b)

⇒ (a - b)3 + (b - c)3 + (c - a)3 = 0 - 3 (a - c)(b - a)(c - b)

⇒ (a - b)3 + (b - c)3 + (c - a)3 = 3(a - b)(b - c)(c - a)
Hence, correct option is (c).
8. If a + b + c = 0, then a
2

+
b
2

+
2
c
=
bc ca ab

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) -1 (D) 3

Ans. :
d. 3
Solution:
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)
If a + b + c = 0, then
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc ...(1)
Now, consider
2 2 2
a b c
+ +
bc ca ab

Multiplying dividing by a. b. and c in and respectively.

2 2 2
a b c
.
bc ca ab

we get
3 3 3
a b c
+ +
abc bca cab

3 3 3
a +b +c
=
abc

=
3abc

abc
....[From (1)]
= 3

Hence, correct option is (d).

9. If x
2
+
1
= 102, than x−
1
=
2
x x

(A) 2 (B) 12 (C) 10 (D) 13

Ans. :

Page 4
 c. 10
Solution:
2 1
x + 2
= 102,
x

2 1 1 1
⇒ (x ) + ( ) −2×x× = 102 − 2 × x ×
2
x x x

2
1
⇒ (x − ) = 100
x

1 −−−
⇒ x− = √100 = 10
x

10. If x + y = 8 and xy = 15, than x2 + y2

(A) 32 (B) 1 (C) 34 (D) 36

Ans. :
c. 34
Solution:
x2 + y2 = (x + y)2 - 2xy
⇒ x2 + y2 = (8)2 - 2 × 15
⇒ x2 + y2 = 64 - 30
⇒ x2 + y2 = 34
11. If x
3
−
1
3
= 14 than x−
1
=
x x

(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5

Ans. :
b. 2
Solution:

Given: x
3
−(
1
3
x
) = 14

Let x = a and 1

x
= b

Say, x − 1

x
= A

Then, a 3
−b
3
= 14

2 2
⇒ (a − b)(a + ab + b ) = 14

2
⇒ (a − b)({(a − b) + 2ab} + 2ab) = 14

2
⇒ (a − b){(a − b) + 3ab} = 14

2
⇒ (a − b){(a − b) + 3} = 14

2
⇒ A(A + 3) = 14

2
⇒ A(A + 3) = 14

3
⇒ A + 3A − 14 = 0

3 2 2
⇒ A − 2A + 2A − 4A + 7A − 14 = 0

2
⇒ A (A − 2) + 2Y(Y − 2) + 7(Y − 2) = 0

2
⇒ (A − 2)(A + 2A + 7) = 0

Page 5
 ⇒ A − 2 = 0,

⇒ A = 2

1
⇒ x− = 2
x

12. If x + y + z = 9 and xy + yz + zx = 23, the value of (x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz) = ?

(A) 108 (B) 207 (C) 669 (D) 729

Ans. :
a. 108
Solution:
x3 + y3 + z 3 - 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x2 + y2 + z 2 - xy - yz - zx)
= (x + y + z)[(x + y + z)2 - 3(xy + yz + zx)]
= 9 × (81 - 3 × 23)
= 9 × 12
= 108
13. If x
4
+
1
4
= 623, then x+
1
=
x x

– –
(A) 27 (B) 25 (C) 3√3 (D) −3√3

Ans. :
c.
–
3√3

Solution:
2
1 2 1 1 2 1
(x + ) = x + 2
+ 2.x. = x + 2
+2
x x x x

2
2 1 1
⇒ x + 2
= {(x + ) − 2}
x x

Squaring both sides.

2 2 2
2 1 1
⇒ (x + ) = {(x + ) − 2}
2
x x

2 2
4 1 2 1 1
⇒ x + 4
+ 2.x . = {(x + ) − 2}
x x x

2 2
4 1 1
⇒ x + + 2 = {(x + ) − 2} = (623) + 2
4
x x

2 2
1 4 1
⇒ 623 + 2 = {(x + ) − 2} {x + 4
= 623}
x x

2 2
1
⇒ 625 = {(x + ) − 2}
x

2
1 −−−
⇒ (x + ) − 2 = √625 = 25
x

2
1
⇒ (x + ) = 25 + 2 = 27
x

2
1
−−
⇒ (x + ) = √27
x

1
–
⇒ x+ = 3√3
x

Hence, correct option is (c).

Page 6
14. If x+
1
= 3, then x
6
+
1
6
=
x x

(A) 927 (B) 322 (C) 414 (D) 364

Ans. :
b. 322
Solution:
On cubing we get.
3
1 3 1 1 1
(x + ) = x +( ) +3×x× (x + )
x 3
x x x

3 1
⇒ 27 = x +( 3
) +3×3
x

3 1
⇒ x +( 3
) = 27 − 9
x

3 1
⇒ x +( 3
) = 18
x

Now, (x 3
+
x
1
3
) = x
6
+(
1
6
x
) +2×x
3
×
1

x
3

2 6 1
⇒ 18 = x +( 6
) +2
x

6 1
x +( 6
) = 324 − 2 = 322
x

15. If x+
1
= 2, then x
3
+
1
3
=
x x

(A) 8 (B) 14 (C) 64 (D) 2

Ans. :
d. 2
Solution:
On cubing we get
3
1 3 1 1 1
(x + ) = x +( 3
) + 3x × (x + )
x x x x

3 3 1
⇒ 2 = x +( 3
) +3×2
x

3 1
⇒ 3 +( 3
) = 8−6
x

3 1
⇒ x +( 3
) = 2
x

16. A cylindrical piece of maximum volume has to be cut out of an iron cube of
edge 4cm. Then, the maximum volume of the iron cylinder is:
(A) 24πcm 3
(B) 16πcm 3
(C) 32πcm 3
(D) 28πcm 3

Ans. :
b. 16πcm
3

Solution:
So here, radius would be half of edge of cube, or diameter of rod = edge of cube
r = 2cm
h = 4cm

Page 7
 So, volume = πr h
2

= π×2×2×4

2
= 16πcm

17. The radii of two cylinders are in the ratio 2 : 3 and their heights are in the
ratio 5 : 3. The ratio of their volumes is:
(A) 20 : 27 (B) 125 : 27 (C) 10 : 9 (D) 8 : 27
Ans. :
a. 20 : 27
Solution:
Let r1 , r2 be the radii of two cylinders and h1 , h2 be the height of two cylinder
respectively.
r1 h1
Then and
2 5
= =
r2 3 h2 3

2
πr h1
∴ Required ratio =
1

2
πr h2
2

2
r1 h1
= ( ) ( )
r2 h2

2
2 5
= ( ) ( )
3 3

20
= = 20 : 27
27

18. The maximum volume of a cone that can be carved out of a solid hemisphere
of radius ‘r’ is:
(A) 1

3
3
πr (B) 1

3
2
πr h (C) πr3
(D) 2

3
3
πr

Ans. :
a. 1

3
πr
3

Solution:

Volume of cone
1 2
= πr h
3

Here height of the carved out cone = Radius of the hemisphere

∴ Volume of cone 1

3
3
πr ×​r =​
1

3
3
πr

19. The curved surface area of a right circular cylinder of radius 1cm and height
1cm is:
(A) 3πcm 2
(B) πcm 2
(C) 2πcm 2
(D) 4πcm 2

Ans. :
c. 2πcm
2

Solution:

Page 8
 The curved surface area of cylinder = 2πrh

= 2π × 1 × 1

2
= 2πcm

20. Two steel sheets each of length a1 and breadth a2 are used to prepare the
surfaces of two right circular cylinders - one having volume v1 and height a2
and other having volume v2 and height a1. Then,
(A) a2 v1 = a1 v2 (B) V1

a1
=
v2

a2
(C) a1 v1 = a2 v2 (D) v1 = v2

Ans. :
a. a2v1 = a1v2
Solution:
Let the radius of the base of the cylinder be r and R.
Now, let sheet with length a 1 be used to form a cylinder with volume v1
So,
2πr = a1

a1
⇒ r =
2π

2 2
a1 a a2
Volume 2 1
V1 = πr h = π( ) a2 =
2π 74π

Similarly, let sheet with length a 2 be used to form cylinder with volume v2
So,
2πr = a1

a1
⇒ r =
2π

2 2
a1 a a2
Volume 2 1
V1 = πr h = π( ) a2 =
2π 74π

2
V1 a a2 a1
Now,
1
= =
V2 2 a2
a a2
2

⇒ V1 a2 = V2 a1

21. The ratio of the volume of a right circular cylinder and a right circular cone of
the same base and height, is:
(A) 4 : 3 (B) 3 : 4 (C) 3 : 1 (D) 1 : 3
Ans. :
c. 3:1
Solution:
The formula of the volume of a cone with base radius 'r' and vertical height 'h' is
given as
Volume of cone =
1
2
3πr h

And, the formula of the volume of a cylinder with base radius 'r' and vertical height
'h' is given as
Volume of cylinder = πr h
2

Page 9
 Now, substituting these to arrive at the ratio between the volume of a cylinder and
the volume of a cone,
Volume of cylinder 2
3πr h
We get = 2
Volume of cone πr h

3
=
1

22. The area of the curved surface of a cone of radius 2r and slant height 1
, is:
2

(A) 12πrl (B) 2πrl (C) π(r + l)r (D) πrl

Ans. :
d. πrl

Solution:
The formula of the curved surface area of a cone with base radius 'r' and slant height
'1' us given as
Curved Surface Area = πrl

Hence the base radius is given as '2r' and the slant height is given as 1

Substituting these values in the above equation we have

(π)(2)(r)(l))
Curved Surface Area =
2

= πrl

23. The volume of a cone is 1570cm3. If it is 15cm high then its base area is:

(A) 413cm2 (B) 314cm2 (C) 514cm2 (D) 415cm2

Ans. :
b. 314cm2
Solution:
Volume of cone
1 2
= ×π×r ×h
3

1 2
1570 = ×π×r × 15
3

2 2
πr = 314cm

Base area is 314cm3

24. Two cylindrical jars have their diameters in the ratio 3 : 1, but height 1 : 3.
Then the ratio of their volumes is:
(A) 1 : 4 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 3 : 1 (D) 2 : 5

Ans. :
c. 3:1
Solution:
Let V 1 and V 2 be the volume of the two cylinders with radius r1 and height h1 , and

radius r2 and height h2 ,

2r1 h1
Where,
3 1
= , =
2r2 1 h2 3

So,

Page 10
 2
V1 = πr h1 . . . (i)
1

Now,
2
V2 = πr h2 . . . (ii)
2

From equation (i) and (ii), we have

2
V1 r1 h1
= ( ) ( )
V2 r2 h2

2
V1 2r1 h1
⇒ = ( ) ( )
V2 2r2 h2

V1 2 1 3
⇒ = (3) ( ) =
V2 3 1

25. The volume of a right circular cone of height 24cm is 1232cm3. Its curved

surface area is.

(A) 704cm2 (B) 1254cm2 (C) 550cm2 (D) 462cm2

Ans. :
c. 550cm2
Solution:
Radius of cone = r cm
Volume of cone =
1

3
πr h
2

1 22 2
⇒ 1232 = × ×r × 24
3 7

2 1232×3×7
⇒ r = = 49
22×24
−−
⇒ r = √49 = 7cm

Area of curved surface area = πrl

−− −−−− −− −−−−− −−−−− −− −−−

2 2 2
l = √r2 + h = √7 + 24 = √49 + 576 = √625 = 25

22 2
∴ × 7 × 25 = 550cm
7

26. A hemispherical bowl of radius 9cm contains a liquid. This liquid is to be filled
into cylindrical small bottles of diameter 3cm and height 4cm. How many
bottles will be needed to empty the bowl?
(A) 27 (B) 54 (C) 63 (D) 35
Ans. :
b. 54
Solution:
Volume of a hemisphere
2 3 2 3 3
= πr = π(9) cm
3 3

Volume of cylinder = πr h
2

Volume of a cylinderical bottle = π(1.5)

2
×4

Volume of a hemisphere
No. of bottles required = Volume of a cylinderical bottle

2 2
π(9 )
3
= 2
π(1.5 ) ×4

81×3
= = 54
2.25×1.5×2

Page 11
 Thus, total 54 bottals are required.

27. The height of a solid cone is 12cm and the area of the circular base is
64πcm .
2
A plane parallel to the base of the cone cuts through the cone 9cm
above the vertex of the cone, the areas of the base of the new cone so
formed is:
(A) 9πcm 2
(B) 16πcm 2
(C) 25πcm 2
(D) 36πcm 2

Ans. :
d. 36πcm
2

Solution:

AB = 12cm
Area of circular Base = πr
2
= 64π

⇒ r = 8cm
AD = 9cm
Consider △ADE and △ABC,
∠DAE = ∠BAC (common)
∠ADE = ∠ABC (each 90º)
∠AED = ∠ACB (Third angle will also be same)
Hence △ADE ∼ △ABC

So
AD DE
=
AB BC

9 DE
⇒ =
12 8

⇒ DE = 6cm

Radius of base of new cone = 6cm

⇒ Area = π(6)
2
= 36πcm
2

28. If h, S and V denote respectively the height, curved surface area and volume
of a right circular cone, then 3πVh
3 2
−S h
2
+ 9V
2
is equal to:
(A) 8 (B) 0 (C) 4π (D) 32π 2

Ans. :
b. 0

Page 12
 Solution:
For a cone,
1 2
V = πR h
3

S = curved Surface Area = πRL

−−−−−−
2 2
L = √h + R

3 2 2 2
3πVh −S h + 9V

1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2
= 3π( πR h) h − π R (h + R )h
3

1 2 4 2
+9× π R h
9

2 2 4 2 2 4 2 4 2 2 4 2
= π R h −π R h −π R h +π R h

= 0

29. If a spherical balloon grows to twice its radius when inflated, then the ratio of
the volume of the inflated balloon to the original balloon is:
(A) 5 : 1 (B) 4 : 1 (C) 8 : 1 (D) 6 : 1

Ans. :
c. 8:1
Solution:
Volume of the inflated balloon : Volume of the original balloon
4 3 4 3
= π(2πr) : π(r)
3 3

= 8 : 1

30. The factors of a2 - 1 - 2x - x2 are:

a. (a - x + 1)(a - x - 1)
b. (a + x - 1)(a - x + 1)
c. (a + x +1)(a - x + 1)
d. None of these.
Ans. :
c. (a + x +1)(a - x + 1)
Solution:

a 2 - 1 - 2x - x2

= a 2 - (1 + 2x + x2 )

= a 2 - (1 + x)2
= [a - (1 + x)][a + (1 + x)]
= (a - x - 1)(a + x + 1)
Hence, correct option is (c).

31. The slant height of a cone is increased by 10%. If the radius remains the
same, the curved surface area is increased by:
a. 10%

Page 13
 b. 12.1%
c. 20%
d. 21%
Ans. :
a. 10%
Solution:
C.S.A of a cone = πrl

If l' = 1 + 10% of l
10
= l+ ×l
100

l
= l+
10

And, r' = r
l 11
C.S.A. = πr(l + ) = πrl
10 10

11
πrl−πrl

So, increase in C.S.A. =

10
× 100% = 10%
πrl

32. If a solid sphere of radius 10cm is moulded into 8 spherical solid balls of equal
radius, then the surface area of each ball (in sq.cm) is:
a. 100π

b. 75π

c. 60π

d. 50π

Ans. :
a. 100π

Solution:
Volume of solid sphere =
4

3
π(10)
3
=
4000π

3
cm
3

Vomule 8 solid sphere of radius (say) r = 8 × 4 3 32πr 3

πr = cm
3 3

Now,
32πr 4000π
=
3 3

1000 3 10
⇒ r = ( ) = = 5cm
8 2

Surface Area of each small ball = 4πr2 = 4π(5)

2
= 100π cm
2

Hence, correct option is (a).

33. A cone, a hemisphere and a cylinder stand on equal bases and have the
same height.
The ratio of their volumes is:
a. 1:2:3
b. 2:1:3
c. 2:3:1
d. 3:2:1
Ans. :

Page 14
 a. 1:2:3
Solution:

If all of these have equal bases, then their radii are equal.
Their heights are same. (given)
r = h1 = h2

1 2 1 2 1 3
Vcone = πr h1 = πr (r) = πr
3 3 3

2 3
Vhemisphere = πr
3

2 2 3
Vcylinder = πr h2 = πr (r) = πr

1 2
Vcone : Vhemisphere : Vcylinder = : : 1 = 1 : 2 : 3
2 3

Hence, correct option is (a).

* Answer the following questions in one sentence. [1 Marks Each] [6]

34. Evaluate the product without multiplying directly: 103 × 107

Ans. : 103 × 107

103×107 can also be written as(100+3)(100+7).
We can observe that we can apply the identity (x+a)(x+b)=x2 + (a+b)x + ab
(100+3)(100+7)=(100)2 + (3 + 7)(100) + 3×7
=10000 + 1000 + 21
= 11021
Therefore, we conclude that the value of the product 103 × 107 is 11021.
35. Factorize the using appropriate identity: 9x
2
+ 6xy + y
2

Ans. : 9x
2
+ 6xy + y
2
= (3x)
2
+ 2 × 3x × y + (y)
2

We can observe that we can apply the identity (a + b)

2
= a
2 2
+ 2ab + b

2 2 2
⇒ (3x) + 2 × 3x × y + (y) = (3x + y) .

36. Expand using suitable identity: (-2x + 3y + 2z)2

Ans. : (- 2x + 3y + 2z)2
= {(-2x) + 3y + (2z)}2
= (-2x)2 + (3y)2 + (2z)2 + 2(-2x)(3y) + 2(3y)(2z) + 2(2z)(-2x)
(Using Identity (a + b + c)2= a2+ b2+ c2+ 2ab + 2bc + 2ca)
= 4x2 + 9y2 + 4z 2 - 12xy+ 12yz - 8zx
37. Using suitable identity Expand: [
1
a−
1
b + 1]
2

4 2

Ans. :
2 2
[
1

4
a−
1

2
b + 1] = [
1

4
a + (−
1

2
b) + 1]

(Using Identity (a + b + c)2= a2+ b2+ c2+ 2ab + 2bc + 2ca)

Page 15
 2 2
= (
1

4
a) + (−
1

2
b) + +(1)
2
+2(
1

4
a) (−
1

2
b) + 2 (−
1

2
b) (1) + 2(1) (
1

4
a)

= 1

16
2
a +
1

4
b
2
+1−
1

4
ab − b +
1

2
a

38. Factories : 64a3 - 27b3 - 144a2b + 108ab2

Ans. : 64a3 - 27b3 - 144a2b + 108ab2

= (4a)3 - (3b)3 - 3(4a)(3b)(4a - 3b)
= (4a - 3b)3
(Using Identity (a – b)3= a3– b3– 3ab (a – b))
= (4a - 3b)(4a - 3b)(4a- 3b)
39. Factorise : 27x3 + y3 + z 3 - 9xyz.

Ans. : 27x3 + y3 + z 3 - 9xyz.

(3x)3 + (y)3 + (z)3 - 3(3x)(y)(z)
= (3x + y + z){(3x)2 + (y)2 + (z)2 - (3x)(y) - (y)(z) - (z)(3x)}
(Using Identity a3+ b3+ c3– 3abc= (a + b + c)(a2+ b2+ c2– ab – bc – ca))
= (3x + y + z)(9x2 + y2 + z 2 - 3xy - yz - 3zx).

section B

* Answer the following short questions. [2 Marks Each] [30]

40. Write the cube in expanded form : (x −

2
y)
3

Ans. :
3 3
(x −
2

3
y) = x
3
−(
2

3
y) − 3(x) (
2

3
y) (x −
2

3
y)

(Using Identity (a – b)3 = a3 – b3 – 3ab (a – b))

= x
3
−
8

27
y
3
− 2xy (x −
2

3
y) = x
3
−
8

27
y
3 2
− 2x y +
4

3
xy
2

= x3 - 2x2y + 4

3
xy2 - 8

27
y3
41. Factorise : 8x3 + y3 + 27z 3 – 18xyz

Ans. : Here, we have

8x3 + y3 + 27z 3 - 18xyz
= (2x)3 + y3 + (3z)3 – 3(2x)(y)(3z)
= (2x + y + 3z)[(2x)2 + y2 + (3z)2 – (2x)(y) – (y)(3z) – (2x)(3z)]
= (2x + y + 3z) (4x2 + y2 + 9z 2 - 2xy - 3yz - 6xz)
This is the required factorisation.
42. Factorise: 8x3 + 27y3 + 36x2y + 54xy2

Ans. : The given expression can be written as

(2x)3 + (3y)3 + 3(4x2)(3y) + 3(2x)(9y2)
 = (2x)3 + (3y)3 + 3(2x)2(3y) + 3(2x)(3y)2
= (2x + 3y)3 (Using Identity (x + y)3 = x3 + y3 + 3xy (x + y))
= (2x + 3y)(2x + 3y)(2x + 3y)
This is the required factorisation.
43. Find the value of k, if x – 1 is a factor of 4x3 + 3x2 – 4x + k.

Ans. : As x – 1 is a factor of p(x) = 4x3 + 3x2 – 4x + k, therefore,

p(1) = 0
Now, p(1) = 4(1)3 + 3(1)2 – 4(1) + k
So, 4 + 3 – 4 + k = 0
i.e., k = –3
44. Without actually calculating the cube, find the value of (-12)3 + (7)3 + (5)3.

Ans. : a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
If a + b + c = 0
Given: a = -12, b = 7, c = 5
And a + b + c = -12 + 7 + 5 = 0
Then,
(-12)3 + (7)3 + (5)3 = 3 × −12 × 7 × 5

= -1260
45. Factorise : 27p3 - 1
- p2 +
9 1
p.
216 2 4

Ans. : 27p3 - 1

216
- p2 +
9

2
1

4
p
3
= (3p)
3
−(
1

6
) − 3(3p) (
1

6
) (3p −
1

6
)

3
= (3p −
1

6
)

(Using Identity (a – b)3= a3– b3– 3ab (a – b))

= (3p −
1

6
) (3p −
1

6
) (3p −
1

6
)

46. Find the following product:

3
– 3
a − 2√2b

Ans. : 3
– 3 3
– 3
a − 2√2b = (a) − (√2b)

– 2
– – 2
(a − √2b){(a) + (a)(√2b) + (√2b) }

[ ∴ a 3 - b3 = (a - b)(a 2 + ab + b2 )]
– 2
– 2
(a − √2b)(a + √2ab + 2b )

47. Factorise:
– 3 3 3
–
2√2a + 8b − 27c + 18√2abc.

Ans. : We have,
– 3 3 3
–
2√2a + 8b − 27c + 18√2abc.
 – 3 3 3
–
= {(√2a) + (2b) + (−3c) − 3(√2a)(2b)(−3c)}

– – 2 2 2
– –
= {√2a + 2b − 3c}{(√2a) + (2b) + (−3c) − (√2a)(2b) − (2b)(−3c)(√2a)}

– 2 2 2
– –
= (√2a + 2b − 3c)(2a + 4b + 9c − 2√2ab + 6bc + 3√2ca)

48. Factorise the following:

16x2 + 4y2 + 9z2 - 16xy - 12yz + 24xz

Ans. : 16x2 + 4y2 + 9z2 - 16xy - 12yz + 24xz

= (4x)2 + (-2y)2 + (3z)2 + 2(4x)(-2y) + 2(-2y)(3z) + 2(3z)(4x)

= {4x + (-2y) + 3z}2 [∴ a 2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = (a + b + c)2 ]

= (4x - 2y + 3z)2
= (4x - 2y + 3z)(4x - 2y + 3z)

49. Factorize:

8a3 + 27b3 + 36a2b + 54ab2

Ans. : 8a3 + 27b3 + 36a2 b + 54ab2

= (2a)3 + (3b)3 + 3 × (2a)2 × 3b + 3 × (2a)(3b)2

= (2a + 3b)3 [ ∵ a 3 + b3 + 3a 2 b + 3ab2 = (a + b)3 ]

= (2a + 3b)(2a + 3b)(2a + 3b)

∴ 8a 3 + 27b3 + 36a 2 b + 54ab2

= (2a + 3b)(2a + 3b)(2a + 3b)

50. Factorize the following expressions:

10x4y - 10xy4

Ans. : 10x4 y - 10xy4

= 10xy(x3 - y3 )

= 10xy(x - y)(x2 + xy + y2 )

∴ [x3 - y3 = (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2 )]

∴ 10x4 y - 10xy4 = 10xy(x - y)(x2 + xy + y2 )

51. Factorize the following expressions:

(a - 2b)3 - 512b3

Ans. : (a - 2b)3 - 512b3

= (a - 2b)3 - (8b)3

= (a - 2b - 8b)((a - 2b)2 + (a - 2b)8b + (8b)2 )

∴ [a 3 - b3 = (a - b)(a 2 + ab + b2 )]

= (a - 10b)(a 2 + 4b2 - 4ab + 8ab - 16b2 + 64b2 )

 = (a - 10b)(a 2 + 52b2 + 4ab)

∴ (a - 2b)3 − 512b3 = (a - 10b)(a 2 + 52b2 + 4ab)

52. What must be subtracted from x3 - 6x2 - 15x + 80 so that the result is exactly

divisible by x2 + x - 12?

Ans. :
∴ 4x - 4 should subtracted from x3 - 6x2 - 15x + 80

So that the result is exactly divisible by x2 + x - 12.

53. If x =
1
is a zero of the polynomial f(x) = 8x3 + ax2 - 4x + 2, find the value
2

of a.
Ans. : Since x = 1

2
is a zero of polynomial f(x).

Therefore f(
1

2
) = 0

3 2
1 1 1
⇒ 8( ) + a( ) − 4( ) +2 = 0
2 2 2

a
⇒ 1+ −2+2 = 0
4

⇒ a = −4

The value of a is -4.

54. If f(x) = x4 - 2x3 + 3x2 - ax - b when divided by x - 1, the remainder is 6, then

find the value of a + b.

Ans. : When polynomial f(x) = x4 - 2x3 + 3x2 - ax - b divided by (x - 1)

The remainder is 6.
i. e. f(1) = 6

(1)4 - 2(1)3 + 3(1)2 - a(1) - b = 6

1-2+3-a-b=6
2 - (a + b) = 6
(a + b) = -4
Thus, the value of a + b = -4.

section C

* Answer the following questions. [3 Marks Each] [18]

55. Factorise : x3 – 23x2 + 142x – 120

 Ans. : Let p(x) = x3 – 23x2 + 142x – 120
We shall now look for all the factors of –120. Some of these are ± 1, ±2, ±3, ±4, 5,
±

±6, ±8, ±10, ±12, ±15, ±20, ±24, ±30, ±60.

By hit and trial, we find that p(1) = 0. Therefore, x – 1 is a factor of p(x).

Now we see that x3 – 23x2 + 142x – 120 = x3 – x2 – 22x2 + 22x + 120x – 120
= x2 (x –1) – 22x(x – 1) + 120(x – 1)
= (x – 1) (x2 – 22x + 120) [Taking (x – 1) common]
Now x2 – 22x + 120 can be factorised either by splitting the middle term or by using
the Factor theorem. By splitting the middle term, we have: x2 – 22x + 120 = x2 – 12x
– 10x + 120
= x(x – 12) – 10(x – 12)
= (x – 12) (x – 10)
Therefore, x3 – 23x2 – 142x – 120 = (x – 1)(x – 10)(x – 12)
56. Find the value of x3 + y3 - 12xy + 64, when x + y = -4

Ans. : ∵ x + y = -4
∴ x + y + 4 = 0 ...(1)

Now, x3 + y3 - 12xy + 64

= x3 + y3 + 64 - 12xy

= (x)3 + y3 + 43 - 3 × x × y × 4

= (x + y + 4)(x2 + y2 + 16 - xy - 4y - 4x)

= 0(x2 + y2 + 16 - xy - 4y - 4x) [from(1)]

=0

∴ x3 + y3 - 12xy + 64 = 0 when x + y = -4

57. A circus tent is cylindrical to a height of 3m and conical above it. If its
diameter is 105m and the slant height of the conical portion is 53m, calculate
the length of the canvas 5m wide to make the required tent.

Ans. : Given diameter = 105m,

Radius = 105

2
m = 52.5m

Therefore curved surface area of circus tent = πrl + 2πrh

22 22
= ( × 52.5 × 53) + (2 × × 52.5 × 3)
7 7

2
= 8745 + 990 = 9735m

Therefore length of the canvas required for tent

Area of canvas
=
Width of canvas

9735
= m = 1947m
5
58. A tent is in the form of a right circular cylinder surmounted by a cone. The
diameter of cylinder is 24m. The height of the cylindrical portion is 11m while
the vertex of the cone is 16m above the ground. Find the area of the canvas
required for the tent.
Ans. : It is given that
Diameter of cylinder = 24m
Therefore
Diameter
Radius =
2

24
= = 12cm
2

Also radius of cone = 12m

Height of cylinder = 11m
Height of cone = 16 - 11 = 5m
Slant height of cone
−− −−−−−
2 2
= √5 + 12

= 13m

Therefore area of canvas required for the tent = πrl + 2πrh

22
= [(12 + 13) + (2 × 12 × 11)] = 490.286 + 829.741
7

3
= 1320m

59. A hemispherical dome of a building needs to be painted. If the circumference

of the base of the dome is 17.6cm, find the cost of painting it, given the cost
of painting is Rs. 5 per 100cm2
Ans. : Given that only the rounded surface of the dome to be painted, we would need to
find the curved surface area of the hemisphere to know the extent of painting that needs
to be done.
Now, circumference of the dome = 17.6cm
Therefore 2πr = 17.6

22
2× × r = 17.6m
7

So, the radius of the dome 2πr

2

22
= 2× × 2.8 × 2.8
7

2
= 49.28m

Cost of painting 100cm2 is Rs. 5

So, the cost of painting 1m2 = Rs. 500

Therefore the cost of painting the whole dome = Rs. 500 × 49.28
= Rs. 24640

60. A storage tank consists of a circular cylinder with a hemisphere adjoined on

either end. If the external diameter of the cylinder be 1.4m and its length is
8m, find the cost of painting it on the outside at the rate of Rs. 10 per m2.
 Ans. :
Diameter of a cylinder = 1.4m
Therefore radius of cylinder = 1.42 = 0.7m
Height of cylinder = 8m
Therefore surface area of tank = 2πrh + 2πr2
22 22 2
= 2× × 0.7 × 8 + 2 × × (0.7)
7 7

176 77 2
= + = 38.28m
5 25

Now cost of 1m2 = Rs. 10

Therefore cost of 38.28m2 = Rs. 382.80

* Questions with calculation. [4 Marks Each] [16]

61. If a - b = 5 and ab = 12, find the value of a2 + b2.

Ans. : We have to find the value a2 + b2

Given a - b = 5, ab = 12

Using identity (a - b)2 = a 2 - 2ab + b2

By substituting the value of a - b = 5, ab = 12 we get ,

(5)2 = a 2 + b2 - 2 × 12

5 × 5 = a 2 + b2 - 2 × 12

25 = a 2 + b2 - 24
By transposing -24 to left hand side we get

25 + 24 = a 2 + b2

49 = a 2 + b2

Hence the value of a 2 + b2 is 49.

62. Using factor theorem, factorize the following polynomials:

x3 + 6x2 + 11x + 6
 Ans. : Let x = 1
3 2
f(1) = 1 + 6(2) + 11(1) + 6 ≠ 0

Let x = -1

f(-1) = (-1)3 + 6(-1)2 + 11(-1) + 6 = 12 - 12 = 0

∴ x = -1 is a solution
⇒x+1=0
i. e (x + 1) is a factor of f(x)

By division algorithm

x3 + 6x2 + 11x + 6 = (x + 1)(x2 + 5x + 6)

= (x + 1)(x2 + 2x + 3x + 6)
= (x + 1)(x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2))
= (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)

∴ x3 + 6x2 + 11x + 6 = (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)

63. The circumference of the base of a 10m height conical tent is 44m, calculate

the length of canvas used in making the tent if width of canvas is 2m ( Use

22
π = ).
7

Ans. : We know that

C.S.A of cone = πrl

Given circumference = 2πr

22
⇒ 2× × r = 44
7

r
⇒ = 1
7

⇒ r = 7m

Therefore
−− −−−−
2
l = √r2 + h

−− −−−−−
2 2
l = √7 + 10

−−−
l = √149 m

Therefore C.S.A of tent = πrl

22
−−−
= × 7 × √149
7
 −−−
= 22√149

Therefore the length of canvas used in making the tent

Area of canvas
=
Width of canvas

22
=
2 √149

11
=
√149

= 134.2m

22
= × 24 × 26
7

1378 2
= m
7

Cost of 1m2 canvas = Rs 70

Cost of canvas Rs. =
1378 2 1378
m × 70
7 7

Rs. = 1, 37, 280

Thus the cost of canvas required to make the tent is Rs. 1,37,280.

64. A cylinder and a cone have equal radii of their base and equal heights. If their
curved surface area are in the ratio 8 : 5, show that the radius of each is to
the height of each as 3 : 4
Ans. : It is given that the base radius and the height of the cone and the cylinder are the
same.
So let the base radius of each is 'r' and the vertical height of each is 'h'.
Let the slant height of the cone be 'l'.
The curved surface area of the cone = πrl

The curved surface area of the cylinder = 2πrh

It is said that the ratio of the curved surface areas of the cylinder to that of the cone is 8 : 5
So,
2πrh 8
=
πrl 5

2h 8
=
l 5

h 4
=
l 5

But we know that

−− −−−−
2
l = √r + h
2

2
h 4
= =
√r2 + h
2 5

Squaring on both sides we get:

2
h 16
2
=
2
r +h 25

2
r 25
2
=
16
h +1

2
r 25
2
= −1
h 16

2
r 9
2
=
16
h

r 3
=
h 4

Hence it is shown that the ratio of the radius to the height of the cone as well as the
 cylinder is: 3 : 4

section D

* Answer the following questions. [5 Marks Each] [20]

65. Find the remainder obtained on dividing p(x) = x3 + 1 by x + 1.

Ans. : By long division,we have,

Therefore, remainder is 0.
Here p(x) = x3 + 1, and the root of x + 1 = 0 is x = –1. We have,
p(–1) = (–1)3 + 1
= –1 + 1 = 0,
which is equal to the remainder obtained by actual division.
66. Divide the polynomial 3x4 – 4x3 – 3x –1 by x – 1

Ans. : By long division, we have:

Since the remainder is – 5.

Now, the zero of x – 1 is 1.
 Therefore, putting x = 1 in p(x), we have,
p(1) = 3(1)4 – 4(1)3 – 3(1) – 1 = 3 – 4 – 3 – 1
= – 5, which is the remainder
67. The factors of x3 - 7x + 6 are:

a. x(x - 6)(x - 1)
b. (x2 - 6)(x - 1)
c. (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)
d. (x - 1)(x + 3)(x - 2)
Ans. :
d. (x - 1)(x + 3)(x - 2)
Solution:

x3 - 7x + 6 = x3 - 7x + 6 + 1 - 1 (by adding +1 & -1 to R.H.S)

= x3 - 7x + 7 - 1

= (x3 - 1) - 7(x - 1)

Now by identity a 3 - b3 = (a - b)(a 2 + b2 + ab), we get

x3 - 7x + 6 = (x3 - 1) - 7(x - 1)

= (x - 1)(x2 + x + 1) - 7(x - 1)

= (x - 1)(x2 + x + 1 - 7)

= (x - 1)(x2 + x - 6)
= (x - 1)(x + 3)(x - 2)
Hence, correct option is (d).

68. The factors of x3 - 1 + y3 + 3xy are:

a. (x - 1 + y)(x2 + 1 + y2 + x + y - xy)
b. (x + y + 1)(x2 + y2 + 1 - xy - x - y)
c. (x - 1 + y)(x2 - 1 - y2 + x + y + xy)
d. 3(x + y - 1)(x2 + y2 - 1)
Ans. :
d. (x - 1 + y)(x2 + 1 + y2 + x + y - xy)
Solution:
By using identity

a 3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c)(a 2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)

We can write,

x3 - 1 + y3 + 3xy

= (x3 ) + (-1)3 + (y3 ) - 3(-1)(x)(y)

= [x + (-1) + y][x2 + (-1)2 + y2 - x(-1) - y(-1) - xy]

= (x - 1 + y)(x2 + 1 + y2 + x + y - xy)
Hence, correct option is (a).

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