/*------------

MIDI_PsychoGalvanometer v026
Accepts pulse inputs from a Galvanic Conductance sensor
consisting of a 555 timer set as an astablemultivibrator and two electrodes.
Through sampling pulse widths and identifying fluctuations, MIDI note and control
messages
are generated. Features include Threshold, Scaling, Control Number, and Control
Voltage
using PWM through an RC Low Pass filter.
MIDIsprout.com
-------------*/

#include <EEPROMex.h> //store and read variables to nonvolitle memory

#include <Bounce2.h> //https://github.com/thomasfredericks/Bounce-Arduino-Wiring
#include <LEDFader.h> //manage LEDs without delay() jgillick/arduino-LEDFader
https://github.com/jgillick/arduino-LEDFader.git
int maxBrightness = 190;

//******************************
//set scaled values, sorted array, first element scale length
const int scaleCount = 5;
const int scaleLen = 13; //maximum scale length plus 1 for 'used length'
int currScale = 0; //current scale, default Chrom
int scale[scaleCount][scaleLen] = {
{12,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12}, //Chromatic
{7,1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12}, //Major
{7,1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11}, //DiaMinor
{7,1, 2, 2, 5, 6, 9, 11}, //Indian
{7,1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11} //Minor
};

int root = 0; //initialize for root, pitch shifting

//*******************************

const byte interruptPin = INT0; //galvanometer input

const byte knobPin = A0; //knob analog input
Bounce button = Bounce(); //debounce button using Bounce2
const byte buttonPin = A1; //tact button input
int menus = 5; //number of main menus
int mode = 0; //0 = Threshold, 1 = Scale, 2 = Brightness
int currMenu = 0;
int pulseRate = 350; //base pulse rate

const byte samplesize = 10; //set sample array size

const byte analysize = samplesize - 1; //trim for analysis array

const byte polyphony = 5; //above 8 notes may run out of ram

int channel = 1; //setting channel to 11 or 12 often helps simply computer midi
routing setups
int noteMin = 36; //C2 - keyboard note minimum
int noteMax = 96; //C7 - keyboard note maximum
byte QY8= 0; //sends each note out chan 1-4, for use with General MIDI like Yamaha
QY8 sequencer
byte controlNumber = 80; //set to mappable control, low values may interfere with
other soft synth controls!!
byte controlVoltage = 1; //output PWM CV on controlLED, pin 17, PB3, digital 11
*lowpass filter
long batteryLimit = 3000; //voltage check minimum, 3.0~2.7V under load; causes
lightshow to turn off (save power)
byte checkBat = 1;

byte timeout = 0;
int value = 0;
int prevValue = 0;

volatile unsigned long microseconds; //sampling timer

volatile byte index = 0;
volatile unsigned long samples[samplesize];

float threshold = 1.7; //2.3; //change threshold multiplier

float threshMin = 1.61; //scaling threshold min
float threshMax = 3.71; //scaling threshold max
float knobMin = 1;
float knobMax = 1024;

unsigned long previousMillis = 0;

unsigned long currentMillis = 1;
unsigned long batteryCheck = 0; //battery check delay timer
unsigned long menuTimeout = 5000; //5 seconds timeout in menu mode
#define LED_NUM 6
LEDFader leds[LED_NUM] = { // 6 LEDs (perhaps 2 RGB LEDs)
LEDFader(3),
LEDFader(5),
LEDFader(6),
LEDFader(9),
LEDFader(10),
LEDFader(11) //Control Voltage output or controlLED
};
int ledNums[LED_NUM] = {3,5,6,9,10,11};
byte controlLED = 5; //array index of control LED (CV out)
byte noteLEDs = 1; //performs lightshow set at noteOn event

typedef struct _MIDImessage { //build structure for Note and Control MIDImessages
unsigned int type;
int value;
int velocity;
long duration;
long period;
int channel;
}
MIDImessage;
MIDImessage noteArray[polyphony]; //manage MIDImessage data as an array with size
polyphony
int noteIndex = 0;
MIDImessage controlMessage; //manage MIDImessage data for Control Message (CV out)

void setup()
{
pinMode(knobPin, INPUT);
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
button.attach(buttonPin);
button.interval(5);
randomSeed(analogRead(0)); //seed for QY8 4 channel mode
Serial.begin(31250); //initialize at MIDI rate
//Serial.begin(9600); //for debugging
controlMessage.value = 0; //begin CV at 0
//MIDIpanic(); //dont panic, unless you are sure it is nessisary
checkBattery(); // shut off lightshow if power is too low
if(noteLEDs) bootLightshow(); //a light show to display on system boot
attachInterrupt(interruptPin, sample, RISING); //begin sampling from interrupt
}

void loop()
{
currentMillis = millis(); //manage time
//checkBattery(); //on low power, shutoff lightShow, continue MIDI operation
checkButton(); //its about to get really funky in here

if(index >= samplesize) { analyzeSample(); } //if samples array full, also checked
in analyzeSample(), call sample analysis
checkNote(); //turn off expired notes
checkControl(); //update control value
checkLED(); //LED management without delay()

if(currMenu>0) checkMenu(); //allow main loop by checking current menu mode, and
updating millis

void setNote(int value, int velocity, long duration, int notechannel)

{
//find available note in array (velocity = 0);
for(int i=0;i<polyphony;i++){
if(!noteArray[i].velocity){
//if velocity is 0, replace note in array
noteArray[i].type = 0;
noteArray[i].value = value;
noteArray[i].velocity = velocity;
noteArray[i].duration = currentMillis + duration;
noteArray[i].channel = notechannel;
if(QY8) { midiSerial(144, notechannel, value, velocity); }
else { midiSerial(144, channel, value, velocity); }

if(noteLEDs == 1){ //normal mode

for(byte j=0; j<(LED_NUM-1); j++) { //find available LED and set
if(!leds[j].is_fading()) { rampUp(i, maxBrightness, duration); break; }
}
} else if(noteLEDs == 2){ //threshold special display mode
for(byte j=1; j<(LED_NUM-1); j++) { //find available LED above first and set
if(!leds[j].is_fading()) { rampUp(i, maxBrightness, duration); break; }
}
}

break;
}
}
}

void setControl(int type, int value, int velocity, long duration)

{
controlMessage.type = type;
controlMessage.value = value;
controlMessage.velocity = velocity;
controlMessage.period = duration;
controlMessage.duration = currentMillis + duration; //schedule for update cycle
}

void checkControl()
{
//need to make this a smooth slide transition, using high precision
//distance is current minus goal
signed int distance = controlMessage.velocity - controlMessage.value;
//if still sliding
if(distance != 0) {
//check timing
if(currentMillis>controlMessage.duration) { //and duration expired
controlMessage.duration = currentMillis + controlMessage.period; //extend duration
//update value
if(distance > 0) { controlMessage.value += 1; } else { controlMessage.value -=1; }
//send MIDI control message after ramp duration expires, on each increment
midiSerial(176, channel, controlMessage.type, controlMessage.value);
//send out control voltage message on pin 17, PB3, digital 11
if(controlVoltage) { if(distance > 0) { rampUp(controlLED,
map(controlMessage.value, 0, 127, 0 , 255), 5); }
else { rampDown(controlLED, map(controlMessage.value, 0, 127, 0 , 255), 5); }
}
}
}
}

void checkNote()
{
for (int i = 0;i<polyphony;i++) {
if(noteArray[i].velocity) {
if (noteArray[i].duration <= currentMillis) {
//send noteOff for all notes with expired duration
if(QY8) { midiSerial(144, noteArray[i].channel, noteArray[i].value, 0); }
else { midiSerial(144, channel, noteArray[i].value, 0); }
noteArray[i].velocity = 0;
if(noteLEDs == 1) rampDown(i, 0, 225);
if(noteLEDs == 2) rampDown(i+1, 0, 225); //special threshold display mode
}
}
}

void MIDIpanic()
{
//120 - all sound off
//123 - All Notes off
// midiSerial(21, panicChannel, 123, 0); //123 kill all notes
//brute force all notes Off
for(byte i=1;i<128;i++) {
delay(1); //don't choke on note offs!
midiSerial(144, channel, i, 0); //clear notes on main channel

if(QY8){ //clear on all four channels

for(byte k=1;k<5;k++) {
delay(1); //don't choke on note offs!
midiSerial(144, k, i, 0);
}
}
}
}

void midiSerial(int type, int channel, int data1, int data2) {

cli(); //kill interrupts, probably unnessisary

// Note type = 144
// Control type = 176
// remove MSBs on data
data1 &= 0x7F; //number
data2 &= 0x7F; //velocity
byte statusbyte = (type | ((channel-1) & 0x0F));
Serial.write(statusbyte);
Serial.write(data1);
Serial.write(data2);
sei(); //enable interrupts
}

void knobMode() {
//scroll through menus and select values using only a single knob
//keep dreamin' kid,
}

void rampUp(int ledPin, int value, int time) {

LEDFader *led = &leds[ledPin];
//scale the value parameter against a new maxBrightness global variable
// led->fade(value, time);
led->fade(map(value,0,255,0,maxBrightness), time);
}

void rampDown(int ledPin, int value, int time) {

LEDFader *led = &leds[ledPin];
// led->set_value(255); //turn on
led->fade(value, time); //fade out
}

void checkLED(){
//iterate through LED array and call update
for (byte i = 0; i < LED_NUM; i++) {
LEDFader *led = &leds[i];
led->update();
}
}
void checkButton() {
button.update();
//read button, debounce if possible, and set menuMode
if(button.fell()) { //on button release
noteLEDs = 0; //turn off normal light show for menu modes
for(byte j=0;j<LED_NUM;j++) { leds[j].stop_fade(); leds[j].set_value(0); } //off
LEDs

switch(currMenu) {
case 0: //this is the main sprout program
prevValue = 0;
currMenu = 1;
previousMillis = currentMillis;
break;
case 1: //this is the main selection menu
//value is menu selected
switch(value) {
case 0:
thresholdMode(); //set change threshold multiplier
return;
break;
case 1:
scaleMode(); //set note scale
return;
break;
case 2:
channelMode(); //set MIDI output channel
return;
break;
case 3:
brightnessMode(); //set LED max brightness
return;
break;
case 4:

return;
break;
case 5:

return;
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}

void checkMenu(){
//read the knob value, update LEDs, and wait for button press
value = analogRead(knobPin);
//scale knob value against number of menus
value = map(value, knobMin, knobMax, 0, menus); //value is now menu index

//set LEDs to flash based on value

if(value != prevValue) { //a change in value
//clear out prevValue LED
leds[prevValue].stop_fade();
leds[prevValue].set_value(0);
prevValue = value; //store value
previousMillis = currentMillis; //reset timeout

}
else { //no value change
}
switch(currMenu) {
case 0:
//this is the main sprout program
break;
case 1: //this is the main selection menu
noteLEDs = 0;
pulse(value,maxBrightness,pulseRate); //pulse for current menu
break;
case 2: //this is the submenu
noteLEDs = 0;
pulse(value,maxBrightness,(pulseRate/2)); //pulse for current menu
break;
default:
break;
}

if((currentMillis - previousMillis) > menuTimeout) { //menu timeout!!

currMenu = 0; //return to main program exit all menus
if(maxBrightness > 1) noteLEDs = 1; //normal light show, or leave off
leds[prevValue].stop_fade();
leds[prevValue].set_value(0);
}

long readVcc() { //https://code.google.com/p/tinkerit/wiki/SecretVoltmeter

long result;
// Read 1.1V reference against AVcc
ADMUX = _BV(REFS0) | _BV(MUX3) | _BV(MUX2) | _BV(MUX1);
delay(2); // Wait for Vref to settle
ADCSRA |= _BV(ADSC); // Convert
while (bit_is_set(ADCSRA,ADSC));
result = ADCL;
result |= ADCH<<8;
result = 1126400L / result; // Back-calculate AVcc in mV
return result;
}

void checkBattery(){
//check battery voltage against internal 1.1v reference
//if below the minimum value, turn off the light show to save power
//don't check on every loop, settle delay in readVcc() slows things down a bit
if(batteryCheck < currentMillis){
batteryCheck = currentMillis+10000; //reset for next battery check
if(readVcc() < batteryLimit) { //if voltage > valueV
//battery failure
if(checkBat) { //first battery failure
for(byte j=0;j<LED_NUM;j++) { leds[j].stop_fade(); leds[j].set_value(0); } //reset
leds, power savings
noteLEDs = 0; //shut off lightshow set at noteOn event, power savings
checkBat = 0; //update, first battery failure identified
} else { //not first low battery cycle
//do nothing, lights off indicates low battery
//MIDI continues to flow, MIDI data eventually garbles at very low voltages
//some USB-MIDI interfaces may crash due to garbled data
}
}
}
}

void pulse(int ledPin, int maxValue, int time) {

LEDFader *led = &leds[ledPin];
//check on the state of the LED and force it to pulse
if(led->is_fading() == false) { //if not fading
if(led->get_value() > 0) { //and is illuminated
led->fade(0, time); //fade down
} else led->fade(maxValue, time); //fade up
}
}

void bootLightshow(){
//light show to be displayed on boot
for (byte i = 5; i > 0; i--) {
LEDFader *led = &leds[i-1];
// led->set_value(200); //set to max

led->fade(200, 150); //fade up

while(led->is_fading()) checkLED();

led->fade(0,150+i*17); //fade down

while(led->is_fading()) checkLED();
//move to next LED
}
}

//provide float map function

float mapfloat(float x, float in_min, float in_max, float out_min, float out_max)
{
return (x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min;
}

//debug SRAM memory size

int freeRAM() {
extern int __heap_start, *__brkval;
int v;
return (int) &v - (__brkval == 0 ? (int) &__heap_start : (int) __brkval);
} // print free RAM at any point
void thresholdMode() {
int runMode = 1;
noteLEDs = 2; //turn on special Note visualization for feedback on threshold effect
while(runMode) {
//float knobValue
threshold = analogRead(knobPin);
//set threshold to knobValue mapping
threshold = mapfloat(threshold, knobMin, knobMax, threshMin, threshMax);
pulse(value,maxBrightness,(pulseRate/2)); //pulse for current menu
checkLED();
if(index >= samplesize) { analyzeSample(); } //keep samples running
checkNote(); //turn off expired notes
checkControl(); //update control value

button.update();
if(button.fell()) runMode = 0;
currentMillis = millis();
} //after button press retain threshold setting
currMenu = 0; //return to main program
noteLEDs = 1; //normal light show
leds[prevValue].stop_fade();
leds[prevValue].set_value(0);
}

void scaleMode() {
int runMode = 1;
int prevScale = 0;
while(runMode) {
currScale = analogRead(knobPin);
//set current Scale choice
currScale = map(currScale, knobMin, knobMax, 0, scaleCount);
pulse(value,maxBrightness,(pulseRate/2)); //pulse for current menu
pulse(currScale,maxBrightness,(pulseRate/4)); //display selected scale if
scaleCount <= 5

if(currScale != prevScale) { //clear last value if change

leds[prevScale].stop_fade();
leds[prevScale].set_value(0);
}
prevScale = currScale;
checkLED();
if(index >= samplesize) { analyzeSample(); } //keep samples running
checkNote(); //turn off expired notes
checkControl(); //update control value

button.update();
if(button.fell()) runMode = 0;
currentMillis = millis();
} //after button press retain threshold setting
currMenu = 0; //return to main program
noteLEDs = 1; //normal light show
leds[prevValue].stop_fade();
leds[prevValue].set_value(0);
leds[currScale].stop_fade();
leds[currScale].set_value(0);
}
void channelMode() {
int runMode = 1;
while(runMode) {
channel = analogRead(knobPin);
//set current MIDI Channel between 1 and 16
channel = map(channel, knobMin, knobMax, 1, 17);
pulse(value,maxBrightness,(pulseRate/4)); //pulse for current menu
checkLED();
if(index >= samplesize) { analyzeSample(); } //keep samples running
checkNote(); //turn off expired notes
checkControl(); //update control value

button.update();
if(button.fell()) runMode = 0;
currentMillis = millis();
} //after button press retain threshold setting
currMenu = 0; //return to main program
noteLEDs = 1; //normal light show
leds[prevValue].stop_fade();
leds[prevValue].set_value(0);
}

void brightnessMode() {
int runMode = 1;
while(runMode) {
maxBrightness = analogRead(knobPin);
//set led maxBrightness
maxBrightness = map(maxBrightness, knobMin, knobMax, 1, 255);

if(maxBrightness>1) pulse(value,maxBrightness,(pulseRate/2)); //pulse for current

menu
else pulse(value,1,(pulseRate/6)); //fast dim pulse for 0 note lightshow
checkLED();
if(index >= samplesize) { analyzeSample(); } //keep samples running
checkNote(); //turn off expired notes
checkControl(); //update control value

button.update();
if(button.fell()) runMode = 0;
currentMillis = millis();
} //after button press retain threshold setting
currMenu = 0; //return to main program
if(maxBrightness > 1) noteLEDs = 1; //normal light show, unles lowest value
leds[prevValue].stop_fade();
leds[prevValue].set_value(0);
}

//interrupt timing sample array

void sample()
{
if(index < samplesize) {
samples[index] = micros() - microseconds;
microseconds = samples[index] + microseconds; //rebuild micros() value w/o
recalling
//micros() is very slow
//try a higher precision counter
//samples[index] = ((timer0_overflow_count << 8) + TCNT0) - microseconds;
index += 1;
}
}

void analyzeSample()
{
//eating up memory, one long at a time!
unsigned long averg = 0;
unsigned long maxim = 0;
unsigned long minim = 100000;
float stdevi = 0;
unsigned long delta = 0;
byte change = 0;

if (index == samplesize) { //array is full

unsigned long sampanalysis[analysize];
for (byte i=0; i<analysize; i++){
//skip first element in the array
sampanalysis[i] = samples[i+1]; //load analysis table (due to volitle)
//manual calculation
if(sampanalysis[i] > maxim) { maxim = sampanalysis[i]; }
if(sampanalysis[i] < minim) { minim = sampanalysis[i]; }
averg += sampanalysis[i];
stdevi += sampanalysis[i] * sampanalysis[i]; //prep stdevi
}

//manual calculation
averg = averg/analysize;
stdevi = sqrt(stdevi / analysize - averg * averg); //calculate stdevu
if (stdevi < 1) { stdevi = 1.0; } //min stdevi of 1
delta = maxim - minim;
//**********perform change detection
if (delta > (stdevi * threshold)){
change = 1;
}
//*********
if(change){// set note and control vector
int dur = 150+(map(delta%127,1,127,100,2500)); //length of note
int ramp = 3 + (dur%100) ; //control slide rate, min 25 (or 3 ;)
int notechannel = random(1,5); //gather a random channel for QY8 mode
//set scaling, root key, note
int setnote = map(averg%127,1,127,noteMin,noteMax); //derive note, min and max note
setnote = scaleNote(setnote, scale[currScale], root); //scale the note
// setnote = setnote + root; // (apply root?)
if(QY8) { setNote(setnote, 100, dur, notechannel); } //set for QY8 mode
else { setNote(setnote, 100, dur, channel); }
//derive control parameters and set
setControl(controlNumber, controlMessage.value, delta%127, ramp); //set the ramp
rate for the control
}
//reset array for next sample
index = 0;
}
}
int scaleSearch(int note, int scale[], int scalesize) {
for(byte i=1;i<scalesize;i++) {
if(note == scale[i]) { return note; }
else { if(note < scale[i]) { return scale[i]; } } //highest scale value less than
or equal to note
//otherwise continue search
}
//didn't find note and didn't pass note value, uh oh!
return 6;//give arbitrary value rather than fail
}

int scaleNote(int note, int scale[], int root) {

//input note mod 12 for scaling, note/12 octave
//search array for nearest note, return scaled*octave
int scaled = note%12;
int octave = note/12;
int scalesize = (scale[0]);
//search entire array and return closest scaled note
scaled = scaleSearch(scaled, scale, scalesize);
scaled = (scaled + (12 * octave)) + root; //apply octave and root
return scaled;
}