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Ch8 Internal Forced Convection

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51 views3 pages

Ch8 Internal Forced Convection

Uploaded by

Amr Farag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Suez Canal University Heat and Mass Transfer

Faculty of Engineering 4th Level


Mechanical Eng. Dept. Sheet No. (3) Solution

Internal Forced convection


1- Water enters a 2.5-cm-internal-diameter thin copper tube of a heat exchanger at
15°C at a rate of 0.3 kg/s, and is heated by steam condensing outside at 120°C. If
the average heat transfer coefficient is 800 W/m2 °C, determine the length of the
tube required in order to heat the water to 115°C.

2- Consider the flow of oil at 20°C in a 30-cm-diameter pipeline at an average velocity


of 2 m/s (Fig. 8–23). A 200-m-long section of the pipeline passes through icy waters
of a lake at 0°C. Measurements indicate that the surface temperature of the pipe
is very nearly 0°C. Disregarding the thermal resistance of the pipe material,
determine (a) the temperature of the oil when the pipe leaves the lake, (b) the
rate of heat transfer from the oil, and (c) the pumping power required to overcome
the pressure losses and to maintain the flow of the oil in the pipe.
3- A 10-m-long and 10-mm-inner diameter pipe made of commercial steel is used to
heat a liquid in an industrial process. The liquid enters the pipe with Ti = 25°C, V =
2.0 m/s. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped
around the outer surface of the pipe, so that the fluid exits at 75°C. Assume fully
developed flow and taking the average flow properties to be 𝜌 = 1000 kg/m3, cp =
4000 J/kg·K, 𝜇 = 2 × 10-3 kg/m·s, k = 0.48 W/m·K, and Pr = 10. The Darcy friction
factor is f = 0.045.

4- Cooling water available at 10°C is used to condense steam at 30°C in the condenser
of a power plant at a rate of 0.15 kg/s by circulating the cooling water through a
bank of 5-m-long, 1.2-cm-internal diameter thin copper tubes. Water enters the
tubes at a mean velocity of 4 m/s and leaves at a temperature of 24°C. The tubes
are nearly isothermal at 30°C. Determine the average heat transfer coefficient
between the water and the tubes, and the number of tubes needed to achieve the
indicated heat transfer rate in the condenser. Use as properties 𝜌 = 998.7 kg/m3 ,
cp = 4183 J/kg°C, and a heat of vaporization hfg = 2430 kJ/kg.

5- Determine the convection heat transfer coefficient for the flow of (1) air and (2)
water at a velocity of 2 m/s in an 8-cm-diameter and 7-m-long tube when the tube
is subjected to uniform heat flux from all surfaces. What is the ratio ℎ1⁄ℎ2? Use
the fluid properties listed below.

𝜈 (m2/s) k (W/mK) Pr
Air 1.56 10-5 0.0255 0.730
Water 8.94 10-7 0.607 6.14

6- The components of an electronic system dissipating 180 W are located in a 1-m-


long horizontal duct whose cross-section is 16 cm × 16 cm. The components in the
duct are cooled by forced air, which enters at 27°C at a rate of 0.65 m3/min.
Assuming 85 percent of the heat generated inside is transferred to air flowing
through the duct and the remaining 15 percent is lost through the outer surfaces
of the duct, determine the exit temperature of air and the highest component
surface temperature in the duct. Use as properties 𝜌 = 1.15 kg/m3, cp = 1007
J/kg°C, 𝜈 = 1.66 × 10-5 m2/s, k = 0.0263 W/mK, and Pr = 0.727.
7- Hot air at atmospheric pressure and 85°C enters a 10-m-long uninsulated square
duct of section 0.15 × 0.15 m that passes through the attic of a house at a rate of
0.1 m3/s. The duct is observed to be nearly isothermal at 70°C. Determine the exit
temperature of the air and the rate of heat loss from the duct to the air space in
the attic. Use as properties 𝜌 = 1.01 kg/m3, 𝜈 = 2.05 × 10-5 m2/s, k = 0.0292 W/mK,
cp = 1007 J/kg·K, and Pr = 0.720.

8- Consider a 10-m-long smooth rectangular tube, with a = 50 mm and b = 25 mm,


that is maintained at a constant surface temperature. Liquid water enters the tube
at 20°C with a mass flow rate of 0.01 kg/s. Determine the tube surface
temperature necessary to heat the water to the desired outlet temperature of
80oC. Use as properties 𝜌 = 988 kg/m3, 𝜈𝜈 = 5.54 × 10-7 m2/s, Pr = 3.55, k = 0.644
W/mK, and cp = 4180 J/kgK.

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