MAPUA UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
ME160P-2/OL51
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENT NO. 2
SUBMITTED BY:
ADVIENTO, DALE H. (2016131804)
AFUECHETA, CHIDINMA S. (2016100820)
ALMENANZA, KRISTINE CHESKA J. (2019104031)
CABANTOG, GERARD JOHN T. (2019151106)
CASTAÑEDA, RAUL JOSE O. (2019100626)
DAYO, VON ALLEN JAY P. (2019150614)
FRANCISCO, JOSE LUIS D. (2019100803)
LAGAT, ODRAUDE MOGLI R. (2019103017)
LUZENTALES, CHRIS DANNIEL G. (2018101014)
MADERAZO, JOHN AIRON S. (2017142524)
MATEO, JOHN PHILIP D. (2019100301)
SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. JULIAN ALBERT NOHAY
MARCH 15, 2022
ABSTRACT
Experiment number 2 was done by the students to further familiarize themselves with
FluidSim by doing more complex simulations with the different applications of Pneumatic
systems. Pneumatics is the science of pressurized gas; however, it is more commonly referred to
as a sort of industrial application in certain areas. Different buttons or components are utilized
for each exercise to be able to meet the conditions needed in each sample problem. Furthermore,
the experiments, compared to the last exercises, were more complex in terms of using different
components and connecting them from each other with only using one Air Service Unit. Each
mechanism built in the FluidSim was commonly used in real-life activities, especially with the
use of pneumatic components, and by doing so, the familiarization and the application of each
mechanism are being used with complexity.
OBJECTIVES
1. To familiarize the operation of software FluidSim.
To learn the basic knowledge of Pneumatics and its applications.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
ABSTRACT ii
OBJECTIVES ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES 1
DISCUSSION 2
SAMPLE PROBLEMS 2
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP 2
CONCLUSION 8
RECOMMENDATION 8
REFERENCES 8
iii
THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES
Pneumatic systems operate at a lower pressure which makes it more suitable for many
applications. Since pneumatic pressures are lower, components can be made of thinner and
lighter-weight materials. Pneumatics are much simpler because the air can be exhausted from the
atmosphere.
Factory automation is the largest sector for pneumatics technology, which is widely used
for manipulating products in manufacturing, processing, and packaging operations. Pneumatics
is also widely used in medical and food processing equipment. Pneumatics is typically thought of
as pick-and-place technology, where pneumatic components work in concert to perform the same
repetitive operation thousands of times per day.
Pneumatics is also widely used in chemical plants and refineries to actuate large valves. It
is used on mobile equipment for transmitting power where hydraulics or electromechanical
drives are less practical or not as convenient and in on-highway trucking for various vehicle
functions.
1
EXERCISE 10: FEED DIVIDER
DISCUSSION
A feed divider is a device that allows the material feeding and dividing processes to occur
automatically, without interruption or material loss. With the help of Fluidsim, we were able to
solve the problem using a combination of different components in the exercise below.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
A feed divider is needed to separate two raw materials at a time for a machining station.
There is a delay time for each cycle of movement. One button is for a single cycle while another
button is for continuous operation.
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP
2
EXERCISE 11: WELDING MECHANISM
DISCUSSION
Welding mechanism is a fabrication process that combines materials, usually metals or
thermoplastics with the use of high heat to melt the parts together. In this exercise, different
components are used to meet the needed conditions.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
A welding mechanism is needed to join thermoplastic materials together in which the
pressure is controlled by a regulator. One button is for the downward motion. There is a delayed
time for the upward movement, but another button can be used for immediate retraction. Gages
are used to monitor pressure.
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP
3
EXERCISE 12: SIEVE SHAKER
DISCUSSION
Sieve shakers are often used to separate particles and determine their sizes. To achieve
thorough isolation, a sieve shaker passes granules thru a succession of compartments with screen
filtration while shaking the specimen. The sample is exposed to up or down motion throughout
sieving, depending on the technology used. Individual particles pass through the sieve mesh or
are held on the sieve area, terms of size.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
A vibrating movement with a regulator is needed for the sieving of aggregates. The upper
sieve and lower sieve move in opposite directions. There is a single-acting cylinder moving with
a pattern like the upper sieve. A button with a selector switch activates the operation.
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP
4
EXERCISE 13: TRASH COMPACTOR
DISCUSSION
A trash compactor is a machine used for reducing the size of recyclable or waste
materials for minimizing the original size which takes more space. It is often used in business
and home to reduce the size that it takes. There are a few simple components that a trash
compactor has and that is metal ram which is the compressor of waste material, the bin is the one
that holds the waste material in place, and lastly, the switch that powers the machine.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
In a trash compactor, when a button is pressed the pre-compactor first activates followed
by the main compactor. Both compactors retract at the same time with the initialization of a
pressure sequence valve. It is a machine that has a hydraulic-powered metal ram which the purpose
of compressing the waste material into smaller pieces which makes it easier to dispose of.
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP
5
EXERCISE 14: CLAMPING MACHINE
DISCUSSION
The students made a clamping machine in this exercise. The first button (3/2 WV) causes
the compressor to flow, the second button (left 3/2 WV) causes the clamping machine to make a
forward movement followed by a perpendicular movement of a pressured regulated cylinder, and
the third button (right 3/2 WV) causes the clamping machine to reverse the process.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
A machine is needed to clamp coverings to the products. When a button is pressed, the
controlled clamping begins through a forward movement of a cylinder followed by a
perpendicular movement of a pressured regulated cylinder. Another button is for the retraction in
a reversed process.
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP
6
EXERCISE 15: CUTTING MACHINE
DISCUSSION
In this exercise, we performed and make a cutting machine. Now, we will explain how it
works. In this sample schematic, first, the clamped material is placed inside the cutting machine
by two Double Acting Cylinders (DAC). Then there will be a switch responsible for the Double
Acting Cylinders (DAC) to move forward and retract. This switch will make the two Double
Acting Cylinders (DAC) move or reached their maximum forward position. Then the two DAC
will retract. The 1st DAC will come first followed by the 2nd DAC.
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
A mechanism is needed in a cutting machine. When a button is pressed, the clamped
material will be moved inside the cutting machine by two cylinders with restricted motion. After
the cutting process, the first cylinder retracts followed by a quick extension of the second cylinder.
FINAL DATA SHEET / SET-UP
7
CONCLUSION
The students were able to meet the objectives of the experiment. They were able to
familiarize themselves with the components and software FluidSim and learn the basic knowledge
of Pneumatics and its applications. The experiment allowed students to navigate around the
software FluidSIM which helped them understand each pneumatic component and how it works.
The students were able to apply their learnings by doing different simulations with the different
applications of Pneumatics.
RECOMMENDATION
The students were able to make constructive comments because of the experiment that will
be useful to individuals who would perform related experiments. To begin, the student must test
the system in the fluid sim to see if it performs the task correctly. Second, knowing the various
aims of each aspect of the research as well as the application of each part is essential. Third, the
student must examine their groupmate's performance to see if the job has been completed
appropriately. Finally, it is critical to experiment with various parameters in the system to
understand their consequences.
REFERENCES
● National Fluid Power Association, What is Fluid Power?, 2021.
https://www.nfpa.com/home/About-NFPA/What-is-Fluid-Power.htm
● ats-scientific.com was first indexed by Google (2012). https://ats-
scientific.com/uploads/products/docs/Retsch-Sample-Divider-PT-100-Brochure.pdf
