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1.) Numbers and Operations-Solutions

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96 views3 pages

1.) Numbers and Operations-Solutions

Uploaded by

balpinancitaly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 2 / NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 17

EXPLAINED ANSWERS

1. Answer: C
5 –
Use the calculator: = 0.555 .
9
– 30 –
Every other choice is equal to 0.555 except for = 0.666.
45
2. Answer: A
Write a fraction as a decimal.
1 3
= 0.25 < = 0.3
4 10

3. Answer: C
Use the correct order of operations.
(17 − 3) ÷ 7 − 2 ( − 4 − 8 ) =
14 ÷ 7 − 2 ( −12 ) =
2 + 24 =
26

4. Answer: D
Multiply by the reciprocal.
3
4 = 3 × 8 = 3×8 = 2
3 4 3 4×3
8

5. Answer: 512
Multiply by 4 to find the next term in the sequence.
Therefore, 128 × 4 = 512.

6. Answer: D
Use the rules of exponents.
81 = 34 so 34 = 3x + 2
Therefore, x + 2 = 4 ⇒ x = 2.

7. Answer: C
Using your calculator you can add each set of fractions and get the following results.
2 5 1
A. + − =1
3 6 2
3 3 2
B. − + = −0.0833
4 2 3
5 1 5
C. + − = −0.125
8 2 4
4 9 5
D. − + ≈ 2.42857
7 14 2
3 7 2
E. + + = 2.4
5 5 5
18 CONQUERING SAT MATH

8. Answer: E
Use your calculator. Divide the numerator of each fraction by the denominator to find the decimal equivalent.
7 2
You will be able to determine that is the largest number and is the smallest number.
9 5
7 2 35 18 17
− = − =
9 5 45 45 45

9. Answer: C
When two sets have nothing in common, we refer to their intersection as the empty set. There are two appropriate
ways to denote the empty set
X ∩ Y = { } or X ∩ Y = φ

10. Answer: A
I. Correct. The sum of two even numbers is always an even number.
II. Not correct because the sum of two odd integers is always an even number. For example, 7 + 5 = 12, which is
even.
III. Not correct because there are several examples in which the sum of two composite numbers is a prime number.
For example, 20 + 9 = 29.
2
11. Answer:
3
Evaluate the expression
⎛ 3 1⎞ 2
⎜⎝ + ⎟⎠ ÷ 1 =
5 3 5
⎛ 9 5⎞ 7
⎜⎝ + ⎟⎠ ÷ =
15 15 5
14 5
× =
15 7
14 × 5
=
15 × 7
70 14 2
= =
105 21 3

12. Answer: 12
Because all the numbers being added in both columns are the same except for the a and b. Therefore, the difference
in the two sums must be the difference between a and b.
Therefore, b − a = 36 − 24 = 12.

13. Answer: B
an = a1 i r( n −1) ⇒ a4 = 81 = 3 i r( 4 −1) ⇒ 81 = 3 i r 3 ⇒ 27 = r 3 ⇒ 3 = r
Therefore,
a10 = 3 i 3(10 −1) = 3 i 39 = 59, 049.
CHAPTER 2 / NUMBERS AND OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 19

14. Answer: C
4 2
Divide by .
5 5
4
5 = 4 × 5 =2
2 5 2
5
The result is the same as multiplying by 2.

15. Answer: D
We know that:
X = {2, 5, 6, 7, 9} and Y = {2, 5, 7}
X ∪ Y ∪ Z = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
This tells us that Z must contain {1,3,4,8} because these elements are in the union of X, Y, and Z but not in set X and
not in set Y.
We also know that
X ∩ Z = {2, 6}
Y ∩ Z = {2}
This tells us that Z must also contain {2,6}.
Only choice D contains all these elements.
Z = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8}

16. Answer: C
Find the cube (x3) of each answer choice.
A. (−3)3 = −27 < −3
B. (−2)3 = −8 < −2
3
⎛ 1⎞ 1 1
C. ⎜ − ⎟ = − > − . The cube is not less than the answer.
⎝ 2⎠ 8 2
3
⎛ 1⎞ 1 1
D. ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ = <
3 27 3
3
⎛ 1⎞ 1 1
E. ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ = <
2 8 2

17. Answer: 24
Geometric sequence Arithmetic sequence
X = {2, 6,18, 54,162, 456} and Y = {3, 6, 9,12,15,18}
X ∩ Y = {6,18} ⇒ 6 + 18 = 24

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