DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2024-2025

24ESC122 – PYTHON PROGRAMMING LAB MANUAL

NAME : _____________________________________

ROLL NO :_________________

BRANCH :__________________

YEAR/SEM : _____________
 Certified that this is the bonafide record of work done

by Mr./Ms.................................................................................in the

of 24ESC122 – PYTHON PROGRAMMING LABORATORY

this institution, as prescribed by the Anna University, Chennai for the FIRST

Semester Science and Humanities , during the year 2024-2025.

Staff - In charge Head of the Department

Submitted for the University Practical Examination held on ........................at

Sree Sakthi Engineering College, Coimbatore – 641 104.

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
S.NO DATE NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT PAGE MARKS STAFF
NO SIGN
 EX. NO:1a Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or
DATE: technical problems and developing flow charts for the Electricity
Billing

AIM:

To develop a flowchart for electricity billing.

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start.
Step2: Read the previous unit and current unit.
Step 3: Calculate the used units by subtracting the current unit and previous unit. Step4:
Calculate the Electricity bill from the used units.
Step 5: Print the amount of electricity bill. Step6: Stop.

PSEUDOCODE:

READ Previous unit,Current Unit

CALCULATE Used Unit = Current Unit – Previous Unit ElectricityBill=Used Unit x 2
PRINT ElectricityBill
FLOWCHART:

RESULT:

Thus, the flowchart for the electricity billing is developed.

 EX. NO:1b. Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or
DATE: technical problems and developing flow charts for the Retail
Shop Billing

AIM:

To develop a flowchart for the retail shop billing.

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start.
Step2: Read the barcode of the product.
Step3: Display the product name and the amount.
Step 4: Check if more products is available, if available go to Step 2, otherwise go to Step
5.
Step5: Calculate the total cost of the products.
Step6: Print total cost. Step7: Stop.

PSEUDOCODE:

IF more products available THEN READ bar code

DISPLAY Product name, amount
ELSE
CALCULATE Total Cost
PRINT Total Cost
ENDIF
FLOWCHART:

RESULT:

Thus, the flowchart for retail shop billing is developed.

 EX. NO:1c. Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or
DATE: technical problems and developing flow charts for the Sin Series

AIM:

To develop a flowchart for the Sine Series.

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start
Step2: Read x and n.
Step3: Print x and n.
Step 4: Convert x values into radian using formula x = x * 3.1412/180. Step5: Substitute t=x
and sum=x.
Step 6: Set the for loop for doing the calculation as initialize i to 1 and check i is less thann+1
and increment i by 1.
Step 7: Calculate t=(t*pow(-1),(2*i-1))*x*x)/(2*i*(2*i+1).
Step8: Calculate sum = sum + t.
Step9: Print sum.
Step10: Stop

PSEUDOCODE:

READ x, n PRINT x, n
CONVERT x =x * 3.1412/180
SUBSTITUTE t=x, sum=x FOR i=1; i<n+1;i++
t= (t*pow (-1), (2*i-1))*x*x)/(2*i*(2*i+1). sum = sum + t
END FOR
PRINT sum
FLOWCHART:

RESULT:
Thus, the flowchart for the sine series is developed.
 EX. NO:1d Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or
DATE: technical problems and developing flow charts for the Weight of
a Motorbike

AIM:

To develop a flowchart for finding the weight of a motor bike.

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start.
Step2: Read the size of the motor bile in cc.
Step3: Check whether the size of the motor bike is less than or equal to 300 cc, if so, Print
Average weight is 350 pounds otherwise go to step 4.
Step4: Check whether the size of the motor bike is less than or equal to 500 cc, if so, Print
Average weight is 410 pounds otherwise go to step 5.
Step5: Check whether the size of the motor bike is less than or equal to 900cc, if so, Print
Average weight is 430 pounds otherwise go to step 6.
Step6: Check whether the size of the motor bike is equal to 1100 cc, if so, Print Average weight
is 500 pounds otherwise go to step 7.
Step 7: Print Average weight is 600 pounds.
Step 8: Stop.

PSEUDOCODE:

READ size in cc
IF size<=300 THEN
PRINT Average weight = 350 pounds ELSEIF size <=500 THEN
PRINT Average weight = 410 pounds ELSEIF size <=900 THEN
PRINT Average weight = 430 pounds ELSEIF size =1100 THEN
PRINT Average weight=500pounds
ELSE
ENDIF PRINT Average weight=600pounds
FLOWCHART:

RESULT:

Thus, the flowchart for finding the weight of the motor bike is developed.
 EX. NO:1e Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or
DATE: technical problems and developing flow charts for the Weight of
a steel bar

AIM:

To develop a flowchart for finding weight of a steel bar.

ALGORITHM:

Step1:Start.
Step2:Read the diameter in mm and length of the steel bar.
Step3:Check whether the length is in meter if so, calculate weight as diameter x diameter x
length and divide it by 162, otherwise go to step4.
Step 4: calculate weight as diameter x diameter x length and divide it by 533.
Step5: Print the weight.
Step6: Stop.

PSEUDOCODE:

READ diameter, length IF length in meter, THEN

Weight=diameter*diameter*length/162
ELSE
Weight=diameter*diameter*length/533
ENDIF
PRINT Weight
FLOWCHART:

RESULT:

Thus, the flowchart for finding the weight of a steel bar is developed.
 EX. NO:1f Identification and solving of simple real life or scientific or
DATE: technical problems and developing flow charts for the Compute
Electrical Current
in Three Phase AC Circuit

AIM:

To develop a flowchart to compute electrical current in three phase AC circuit.

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start.
Step2: Get the value of voltage, resistance, current and power factor.
Step3: Compute the electric current by multiplying voltage, resistance, current and power factor
with 3.
Step 4: Print the calculated electric current.
Step5: Stop.

PSEUDOCODE:

READ voltage, resistance, current and power factor

COMPUTE Electric Current = 3 x voltage x resistance x current x power factor PRINT Electric
Current
FLOWCHART:

RESULT:

Thus, the flowchart for computing the electric current in three phase AC circuit is developed.
 EX. NO:2a Python programming exchange the values of two variables using
DATE: simple statements and expressions

AIM:
To write a Python Program to exchange the value of two variables.

ALGORITHM:
Step 1: start the program
Step2: enter two variables and assign value for it(x, y)
Step3: simply exchange the variables(y, x) and assign it to variables(x,y)
step 4: print ‘x’ value
Step5: print ‘y’ value step6: end the program

PROGRAM:
x=5
y = 10
# create a temporary variable and swap the values
temp = x
x=y
y = temp
print ('The value of x after swapping:',x)
print ('The value of y after swapping:', y)

OUTPUT :
The value of x after swapping: 10
The value of y after swapping: 5
x=5
y = 10
x, y = y, x print ("x =", x)
print ("y =", y)

OUTPUT:
x = 10
y=5

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to exchange the value of two variables was written and executed
successful
 EX. NO:2b Python programming circulate the values of n variables using
DATE: simple statements and expressions

AIM:
To write a Python Program to circulate the values of n variables.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: start the program
Step2: read the total number of values step3: enter the values
Step4: append the value in the list1 step5: print the list1 of elements
Step6: check the range of values and pop the first element from the list1 and append it at the
last in the list1
Step7: continue until range (0 to 3) exit.
Step8: end the program.

PROGRAM:
def circulate(A,N):
for i in range (1,N+1):
B=A[i:]+A[:i]
print("Circulation",i,"=",B)
A=[1,2,3,4,5]
N=int(input("Enter n:"))
circulate(A,N)

OUTPUT:
Enter n:5
Circulation 1 = [2, 3, 4, 5, 1]
Circulation 2 = [3, 4, 5, 1, 2]
Circulation 3 = [4, 5, 1, 2, 3]
Circulation 4 = [5, 1, 2, 3, 4]
Circulation 5 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to circulate the values of n variables was written and executed
successfully.
 EX. NO:2c Python programming distance between two
DATE: points using simple statements and expressions

AIM:
To write a Python Program to find the distance between two points.
ALGORITHM:
Step1: start the program step2: import math library
Step 3: take a two points as an input from an user.
Step 4: calculate the difference between the corresponding x-coordinates i.e.:x2 - x1 and y
Coordinates i.e.:y2 - y1of two points.
Step 5: apply the formula derived from pythagorean theorem i.e.: sqrt ((x2 - x1) ^2 + (y2 - y1)
^2)
Step 6 : end the program

PROGRAM:
import math
x1=int(input("Enter x1:"))
y1=int(input("Enter y1:"))
x2=int(input("Enter x2:"))
y2=int(input("Enter y2:"))
distance= math.sqrt(((x2-x1)**2)+((y2-y1)**2))
print ("Distance=",distance)

OUTPUT:
Enter x1:3
Enter y1:2
Enter x2:7
Enter y2:8
Distance= 7.211102550927978

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to find the distance between two points was written and
executed successfully.
 EX. NO:3a Scientific problems Number series using Conditionals and
DATE: Iterative loops

AIM :
To write a python program to print number series.

ALGORITHM :

Step1: start the program

Step2: initialize the values of a and b
Step3: read the number of terms in the sequence; n
step4: print value of a, b
Step5: add the values of a, b and store in c
Step6: print the values of a, b and assign value of b, c into a, b
step7: repeat the step5 & 6 for n-2 times.

PROGRAM:
n=int(input("Enter the number:"))
i=0
while(i<n):
print(i)
i=i+1

OUTPUT:
enter the number:5
0
1
2
3
4

RESULT:

Thus the python program to print number series was written and executed
successfully.
 EX. NO:3b Scientific problems number patterns using Conditionals and
DATE: Iterative loops.

AIM:
To write a python program to print number pattern.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: start
Step2: range (10) –range function takes values from 0 to 9
step3: str (i) prints string version of i .(i.e i value)
Step4: using for loop print str (i) values i times in every iteration

PROGRAM:
rows = int(input('Enter the number of rows: '))
for i in range(1, rows+1):
for j in range(i):
print(i, end=' ')
print()
(or)
for i in range(10): print(str(i)*i)

OUTPUT:
1
22
333
4444
55555
666666
7777777
88888888
999999999

RESULT:
Thus the python program to print number pattern was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:3c Scientific problems pyramid pattern of a star using Conditionals
DATE: and Iterative loops

AIM:

To write a python program to print Pyramid pattern of a star.

ALGORITHM:

Step1: first, we get the height of the pyramid rows from the user.
Step2: in the first loop, we iterate from i = 0 to i = rows.
Step3: the second loop runs from j = 0 to i + 1.
Step4: in each iteration of this loop, we print i + 1 number of * without a new line.
Step5: here, the row number gives the number of * required to be printed on that row.
Step6: once the inner loop ends, we print new line and start printing * in a new line.

PROGRAM:
def full_pyramid(n):
for i in range(1, n + 1):
# Print leading spaces
for j in range(n - i):
print(" ", end="")

# Print asterisks for the current row

for k in range(1, 2*i):
print("*", end="")
print()
full_pyramid(5)

OUTPUT:
*
**
***
****
*****

RESULT:
Thus the python program to print Pyramid pattern of a star was written and executed
successfully.
 EX. NO:4.A Implementing real-time/technical applications Items present in a
DATE: Library using Lists and Tuples.

AIM:
To write a python program to implement items present in a Library using List.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start the program
Step2: Assign list of library materials
Step3Perform all the list operation /Tuples operation
Step4: Print the result
Step5: End the program

PROGRAM:
Library using Lists
library=["book","autor","barcodenumber","price"]
print(library)
library[0]='RAMAYANA'
print(library[0])
print(library)
library[1]='Valmiki'
library[2]=123576
library[3]=230
print(library)

OUTPUT:
['book', 'autor', 'barcodenumber', 'price']
RAMAYANA
['RAMAYANA', 'autor', 'barcodenumber', 'price']
['RAMAYANA', 'Valmiki', 123576, 230]
TUPLE:
LIBRARY USING TUPLES
libcomp=('books', 'newspaper', 'computer', 'magazine', 'journals')
print(libcomp)
print(libcomp[0])
Tuplelength=len(libcomp)
print(Tuplelength)
print(libcomp[1:4])

OUTPUT:
('books', 'newspaper', 'computer', 'magazine', 'journals')
books
5
('newspaper', 'computer', 'magazine')

RESULT:

Thus the Python program to implement items present in a Library using List was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:4.b Implementing real-time/technical applications Components of a
DATE: car using Lists

AIM:
To write a python program to implement components of a car using List

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start the program
Step2: Assign list of car parts
Step3: Perform all the list operation
Step4: Print the result
Step5: End the program

PROGRAM:
COMPONENTS OF CAR USING LIST
carparts =['ENGINE','WHEEL','GEAR','BATTERY']
print(carparts)
carparts.append('BREAK')
print(carparts)
carparts.remove('BREAK')
print(carparts)
print(carparts.index('WHEEL'))
carparts.reverse()
print('Reversed list:',carparts)
New = carparts[:]
print(New)

OUTPUT
['ENGINE', 'WHEEL', 'GEAR', 'BATTERY']
['ENGINE', 'WHEEL', 'GEAR', 'BATTERY']
['ENGINE', 'WHEEL', 'GEAR', 'BATTERY', 'BREAK']
['ENGINE', 'WHEEL', 'GEAR', 'BATTERY']
1
Reversed list: ['BATTERY', 'GEAR', 'WHEEL', 'ENGINE']
['BATTERY', 'GEAR', 'WHEEL', 'ENGINE']
COMPONENTS OF CAR USING TUPLES

carparts =('ENGINE','WHEEL','GEAR','BATTERY')
print(carparts)
print('Item in the first position is: ',carparts[0])
print('Item in the 5th position is: ',carparts[3])
print(carparts.index('WHEEL'))
tuples=len(carparts)
print(tuples)

OUTPUT:

('ENGINE', 'WHEEL', 'GEAR', 'BATTERY')

('ENGINE', 'WHEEL', 'GEAR', 'BATTERY')
Item in the first position is: ENGINE
Item in the 5th position is: BATTERY
1
4

RESULT:

Thus the python program to implement components of a car using List was written and
executed successfull
 EX. NO:4.c.(i) Implementing real-time/technical applications Materials
DATE: required for construction of a building using Lists

AIM:
To write a python program to implement materials required for construction of a building using
List.

ALGORITHM:
Step1:Start the program
Step2:Assign list of building materials
Step3Perform all the list operation
Step4:Print the result
Step5:End the program

PROGRAM

MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A BUILDING USING LISTS

Buildingconstruction=['bricks','cement','sand','water','steel']
print(Buildingconstruction)
Buildingconstruction.append('WOOD')
print(Buildingconstruction)
Buildingconstruction.remove('WOOD')
print(Buildingconstruction)
print(Buildingconstruction.index('sand'))
Buildingconstruction.reverse()
print('Reversed list:',Buildingconstruction)
New = Buildingconstruction[:]
print(New)

OUTPUT
['bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel']
['bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel']
['bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel', 'WOOD']
['bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel']
2
Reversed list: ['steel', 'water', 'sand', 'cement', 'bricks']
['steel', 'water', 'sand', 'cement', 'bricks']
TUPLE:
Buildingconstruction=('bricks','cement','sand','water','steel')
print(Buildingconstruction)
print(Buildingconstruction)
New = Buildingconstruction[:]
print(New)
tuples=len(Buildingconstruction)
print(tuples)

OUTPUT
('bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel')
('bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel')
('bricks', 'cement', 'sand', 'water', 'steel')
5

RESULT:
Thus the python program to implement materials required for construction of a
building using List was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:5.a.(i) Implementing real-time/technical applications Language using
DATE: Sets and Dictionaries

AIM:
To write a python program to implement language using set and dictionaries.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start the program.
Step2: Assign the languages.
Step3: Perform all the set operation.
Step4: Print the result.
Step5: End the program.

PROGRAM:
LANGUANGE USING SET
language1={'JAVA','C++','PYTHON'}
language2={'VB','ORACLE'}
print(language1)
print(language2)
language1.add('SQL')
print(language1)
language1.remove('SQL')
print(language1)
print(language2.union(language1))

OUTPUT:

{'PYTHON', 'C++', 'JAVA'}

{'VB', 'ORACLE'}
{'PYTHON', 'SQL', 'C++', 'JAVA'}
{'PYTHON', 'C++', 'JAVA'}
{'C++', 'PYTHON', 'JAVA', 'VB', 'ORACLE'}
DICTIONARY
language={'C':5, 'C++':3, 'ORACLE':9, 'PYTHON':7}
print(language)
x = language.copy()
print(x)
x = language.pop('C')
print(x)
print(language)
x = language.values()
print(x)
x = language.keys()
print(x)
language.clear()
print (language)

OUTPUT

'C': 5, 'C++': 3, 'ORACLE': 9, 'PYTHON': 7}

{'C': 5, 'C++': 3, 'ORACLE': 9, 'PYTHON': 7}
5
{'C++': 3, 'ORACLE': 9, 'PYTHON': 7}
dict_values([3, 9, 7])
dict_keys(['C++', 'ORACLE', 'PYTHON'])
{}

RESULT:
Thus the python program to implement language using dictionaries was written and
executed successfully.
 EX. NO:5.b.(i) Implementing real-time/technical applications an
components of automobile using Sets and Dictionaries

AIM:
To write a python program to implement components of an automobile using set.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start the program.
Step2: Assign the components of automobile.
Step3: Perform all the set operation.
Step4: Print the result.
Step5: End the program.

PROGRAM:
COMPONENTS USING SETS
components1={'ENGINE', 'GEAR', 'TIRE'}
components2={'STREEING', 'TRANSMISSION'}
print(components1)
print(components2)
components1.add('Gearbox')
print(components1)
components1.remove('Gearbox')
print(components1)

OUTPUT
{'ENGINE', 'GEAR', 'TIRE'}
{'STREEING', 'TRANSMISSION'}
{'ENGINE', 'GEAR', 'Gearbox', 'TIRE'}
{'ENGINE', 'GEAR', 'TIRE'}
PROGRAM:

COMPONENTS USING DICTIONARIES

components = {'Break':2,'Tire':4,'Steer':1}
print(components)
x = components.copy()
print(x)
x = components.get('Tire')
print(x)
x = components.items()
print(x)
components.update({'color': 'White'})
print(components)
x = components.pop('Break')
print(x)

OUTPUT

{'Break': 2, 'Tire': 4, 'Steer': 1}

{'Break': 2, 'Tire': 4, 'Steer': 1}
4
Dict,items([('Break', 2), ('Tire', 4), ('Steer', 1)])
{'Break': 2, 'Tire': 4, 'Steer': 1, 'color': 'White'}
2

RESULT:
Thus the python program to implement components of an automobile using set and
dictionaries was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:5.C Implementing real-time/technical applications Elements of a
DATE: civil structure using Sets

AIM:
To write a python program to implement elements of a civil structure using sets.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start the program.
Step2: Assign the elements of a civil structure.
Step3: Perform all the set operation.
Step4: Print the result.
Step5: End the program.

PROGRAM:
elements1={'columns','roof', 'stair','floors'}
elements2={'foundation','floors','walls'}
print(elements1)
print(elements2)
elements1.add('beams')
print(elements1)
elements1.remove('beams')
print(elements1)
print(elements2.union(elements1))
print(elements1 & elements2)

OUTPUT:

{'stair', 'columns', 'floors', 'roof'}

{'walls', 'foundation', 'floors'}
{'floors', 'stair', 'beams', 'columns', 'roof'}
{'floors', 'stair', 'columns', 'roof'}
{'columns', 'foundation', 'floors', 'walls', 'stair', 'roof'}
{'floors'}

RESULT:
Thus the python program to implement elements of a civil structure using sets was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:5.c.(ii) Implementing real-time/technical applications
DATE: Elements of a civil structure using Dictionaries.

AIM:
To write a python program to implement elements of a civil structure using dictionary.

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start the program.
Step2: Assign the elements of a civil structure.
Step3: Perform all the dictionary operation.
Step4: Print the result.
Step5: End the program.

PROGRAM:
elements = {"foundation":14, "floors":3, "walls":19, "beams":7}
print(elements)
x = elements.copy() print(x)
x = elements.get("beams") print(x)
x = elements.items()
print(x) elements.update({"roof":5})
print(elements)
x = elements.pop("foundation")
print(x)
print(elements)

OUTPUT:

{'foundation': 14, 'floors': 3, 'walls': 19, 'beams': 7}

{'foundation': 14, 'floors': 3, 'walls': 19, 'beams': 7}
7
dict_items([('foundation', 14), ('floors', 3), ('walls', 19), ('beams', 7)])
{'foundation': 14, 'floors': 3, 'walls': 19, 'beams': 7, 'roof': 5}
14
{'floors': 3, 'walls': 19, 'beams': 7, 'roof': 5}
RESULT:
Thus the python program to implement elements of a civil structure using dictionary was
written and executed successfully.
 EXPT.NO 6
(A) Implementing Factorial Programs Using Functions.
DATE:

AIM:

To write a Python function to calculate the factorial of a number

PROCEDURE:

Step 1: Get a positive integer input (n) from the user.

Step 2: Check if the values of n equal to 0 or not if it's zero it will return 1
Otherwise else statement can be executed.
Step 3: Using the below formula, calculate the factorial of a number n*factorial(n-1)
Step 4: Print the output i.e the calculated.

PROGRAM:
def factorial(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)

n = int(input("Input a number to compute the factorial: "))

print(factorial(n))

OUTPUT:

Input a number to compute the factorial: 5

120

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to find factorial of a given number using function was written and
executed successfully.
 EXPT.NO 6 B Implementing Program Largest Number In A List Using Function
DATE:

AIM:
To Write a Python program to get the largest number from a list.

PROCEDURE:
Step1: Start the program Step2: Take a list of values
Step3: using max () function finds first largest number
Step4: using remove () function remove first largest largest function
Step5: Again using max () function finds second largest number
Step6: print the two largest number
Step7: End the program

PROGRAM:
integers = [1, 16, 3, 39, 26, 4, 8, 16]
copy_of_integers = integers[:]
largest_integer = max(copy_of_integers)
copy_of_integers.remove(largest_integer)
second_largest_integer = max(copy_of_integers)
print(largest_integer)
print(second_largest_integer)

OUTPUT:
39
26

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to find two largest numbers in a list using functions was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:6.c. Implementing Area of shape programs using Functions
DATE:

AIM:
To write a Python Program to find area of shape using functions.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Get the input from the user shape’s name.

Step 2: If it exists in our program then we will proceed to find the entered shape’s area
according to their respective formulas.
Step 3: If that shape doesn’t exist then we will print “Sorry!
Step 4: Stop the program

PROGRAM:
def calculate_area(name):
name = name.lower()

if name == "rectangle":
l = int(input("Enter rectangle's length: "))
b = int(input("Enter rectangle's breadth: "))
rect_area = l * b
print(f"The area of the rectangle is {rect_area}.")

elif name == "square":

s = int(input("Enter square's side length: "))
sqt_area = s * s
print(f"The area of the square is {sqt_area}.")

elif name == "triangle":

h = int(input("Enter triangle's height: "))
b = int(input("Enter triangle's base length: "))
tri_area = 0.5 * b * h
print(f"The area of the triangle is {tri_area}.")

elif name == "circle":

r = int(input("Enter circle's radius: "))
pi = 3.14
circ_area = pi * r * r
print(f"The area of the circle is {circ_area}.")

elif name == "parallelogram":

 b = int(input("Enter parallelogram's base length: "))
h = int(input("Enter parallelogram's height: "))
para_area = b * h
print(f"The area of the parallelogram is {para_area}.")

else:
print("Sorry! This shape is not available.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
print("Calculate Shape Area")
shape_name = input("Enter the name of the shape whose area you want to find: ")
calculate_area(shape_name)

OUTPUT:
Calculate Shape Area
Enter the name of the shape whose area you want to find: RECTANGLE
Enter rectangle's length: 10
Enter rectangle's breadth: 15
The area of the rectangle is 150.

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to find area of shape using functions was written and executed
successfully.
 EX. NO:7.a. Implementing Reverse string programs using Strings
DATE:

AIM:

To write a Python Program to reverse a string.

ALGORITHM:

STEP1:Start the program

STEP2:Define a function name myfunction ()

STEP3: Enter text to reverse
STEP4: Reverse the string using slice statement [::-1]
STEP5: Print the reversed string
STEP6: End the program

PROGRAM:
def my_function(x): return x[::-1]
mytxt = my_function("I wonder how this text looks like backwards")
print(mytxt)

OUTPUT:
sdrawkcab ekil skool txet siht woh rednow I

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to reverse a string was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:7.b. Implementing Palindrome programs using Strings
DATE:

AIM:

To write a Python Program to find palindrome for the given string.

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Start the program

STEP2: Get the string from the user
STEP3: Check given string is equal to slice statement
STEP4: Print string is palindrome or else not palindrome
STEP5: Stop the program.

PROGRAM:
string=input(("Enter a string:"))
if(string==string[::-1]):
print("The string is a palindrome")
print(string[::-1])
else:
print("Not a palindrome")
print(string[::-1])

OUTPUT:
Enter a string:qwert Not a palindrome Trewq

Enter a string:malayalam The string is a palindrome Malayalam

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to find palindrome for the given string was written and executed
successfully.
 EX. NO:7.c. Implementing Character Count programs using Strings
DATE:

AIM:
To write a Python Program to count the given character.

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Start the program

STEP2: Assign the sentence to the variable
STEP3: Get the character from the user
STEP4: count the character using count ()
STEP5: print the number of occurrences of character
STEP6: Stop the program

PROGRAM:
message = 'python is popular programming language'
print('Number of occurrence of p:',
message.count('p'))

OUTPUT:
Number of occurrence of p: 4

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to count the given character was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:7.d. Implementing Replacing Characters programs using Strings
DATE:

AIM:

To write a Python Program to replace the character.

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Start the program

STEP2: Get a string from the user
STEP3: Get a replace character from the user and replace the character using replace ()
STEP4: print the string
STEP5: Stop the program

PROGRAM:
a_string = "aba"
a_string = a_string.replace("a", "b")
print(a_string)

OUTPUT:
bbb

RESULT:
Thus the Python Program to replace the character was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:8.a. Implementing Pandas programs using written modules and
DATE: Python Standard Libraries

AIM:

To implement pandas using written modules and Python Standard Libraries

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Start the program

STEP2: import pandas library
STEP3: create alias for pandas
STEP4: create a simple pandas series from a list
STEP5: store the series in variable
STEP6: print the series using variable
STEP7: Stop the program

PROGRAM:
import pandas as pd
S = pd.Series([11, 28, 72, 3, 5, 8])
print(S)

OUTPUT:
0 11
1 28
2 72
3 3
4 5
5 8

Dtype : int64

RESULT:
Thus implemented pandas using written modules and Python Standard Libraries was
written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:8.b. Implementing Numpy programs using written modules and
DATE: Python Standard Libraries

AIM:
To implement Numpy using written modules and Python Standard Libraries.

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Start the program

STEP2: Import numpy library
STEP3: create alias for numpy
STEP4: create an array of list
STEP5: Print the array
STEP6: print the shape of array
STEP7: Stop the program

PROGRAM:
import numpy as np
a = np.array([[1,2,3,4], [5,6,7,8], [9,10,11,12]])
print(a)
#Slicing in array print(a.shape)
b = a[1:, 2:]
print(b)

OUTPUT:
[[ 1 2 3 4]
[ 5 6 7 8]
[ 9 10 11 12]]
(3, 4)
[[ 7 8]
[11 12]]

RESULT:
Thus implemented Numpy using written modules and Python Standard Libraries was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:8.c. Implementing Matplotlib programs using written modules and
DATE: Python Standard Libraries.

AIM:

To implement matplotlib using written modules and Python Standard Libraries

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Install Matplotlib

STEP2: Import pyplot and create alias for it.
STEP3: Define the x-axis and corresponding y-axis values as lists.
STEP4: Plot and name them using plt.xlabel () and plt.ylabel () functions
STEP5: Give a title to your plot using .title () function.
STEP6: Finally, to view your plot using show () function.

PROGRAM:
from matplotlib
import pyplot as plt
plt.bar([0.25,1.25,2.25,3.25,4.25],[50,40,70,80,20],
label="BMW",color='r',width=.1)
plt.bar([.75,1.75,2.75,3.75,4.75],[80,20,20,50,60],
label="Audi", color='b',width=.5)
plt.legend()
plt.xlabel('Days')
plt.ylabel('Distance(kms)')
plt.title('Information')
plt.show()

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus implemented matplotlib using written modules and Python Standard Libraries was
written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:8.d. Implementing Scipy programs using written modules and Python
DATE: Standard Libraries

AIM:
To implement Scipy using written modules and Python Standard Libraries.

ALGORITHM:

STEP1: Install Scipy library and import special function

STEP2: using special function calculate exponential, sin and cos values
STEP3: Print the values.

PROGRAM:
from scipy import special a = special.exp10(3)
print(a)
b = special.exp2(3) print(b)
c = special.sindg(90) print(c)
d = special.cosdg(45) print(d)

OUTPUT:
1000.0
8.0
1.0
0.707106781187

RESULT:
Thus implemented Scipy using written modules and Python Standard Libraries was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:9.a. Implementing real-time/technical applications to copy from one
DATE: file to another using File Handling

AIM:
To write a python program to copy from one file to another using file handling.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Open first.txt in read mode and read the contents of first.txt.
Step 3: Open second.txt in append mode and append the content of first.txt into second.txt.
Step 4: Stop

PROGRAM:

with open('first.txt','r') as firstfile, open('second.txt','a') as secondfile:

for line in firstfile:
secondfile.write(line)

OUTPUT:

first.txt
Welcome to Sree Sakthi Engineering college

second.txt
open second file ( all lines are copied successful )
Welcome to Sree Sakthi Engineering college

RESULT:

Thus, the python program to copy from one file to another using file handling was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:9.b. Implementing real-time/technical applications for word count
DATE: using File Handling

AIM :

To write a python program to count the words in a file using file handling.

ALGORITHM:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Open the file in read mode and handle it in text mode.
Step 3: Read the text using read() function.
Step 4: Split the text using space separator.
Step 5: Refine the count by validating the words after splitting.
Step 6: Print the number of words in the text file.
Step 7: Stop

PROGRAM:

file = open("first.txt", "rt") data = file.read()

words = data.split()
print('Number of words in text file :', len(words))

OUTPUT:

first.txt
Welcome to Sree Sakthi Engineering college
Number of words in text file : 6

RESULT:

Thus, the python program to count the words in a file using file handling was written and
executed successfully.
 EX. NO:9.c. Implementing real-time/technical applications for longest word
DATE: using File Handling

AIM:

To write a python program to find the longest word in a file using file handling.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the file which contains the text
Step 3: Open the file in the read mode
Step 4: Read and split the words in the file
Step 5: calculate the length of the words
Step 6: compare the length of the words and return the longest word.
Step 7: Stop

PROGRAM:

def longest_word(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as infile:
words = infile.read().split()
max_len = len(max(words, key=len))
return [word for word in words if len(word) == max_len]
print(longest_word('first.txt'))

OUTPUT:

first.txt
Welcome to Sree Sakthi Engineering college ['Engineering,']

RESULT:

Thus, the python program to find the longest word in a file using file handling was written and
executed successfully.
 EX. NO:10.a. Implementing real-time/technical applications for Divide by Zero
DATE: Error using Exception Handling

AIM:

To write a python program to demonstrate the divide by zero error using Exception Handling.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Get inputs from the user, two numbers.
Step 3: If the entered data is not integer, throw an exception.
Step 4: If the remainder is 0, throw divide by zero exception.
Step 5: If no exception is there, return the result.
Step 6: Stop

PROGRAM:

try:
num1 = int(input("Enter First Number: ")) num2 = int(input("Enter Second Number: "))
result = num1 / num2
print(result)
except Value Error as e:
print("Invalid Input Please Input Integer...")
except Zero Division Error as e:
print(e)

OUTPUT:

Enter First Number: 5

Enter Second Number: 0
division by zero

RESULT:

Thus, the python program to demonstrate the divide by zero error using Exception Handling
was written and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:10.b. Implementing real-time/technical applications for voter’s age
DATE: validity using Exception Handling

AIM:

To write a python program to validate voter’s age using Exception Handling.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Get the age as input
Step 3: If the entered value is a value apart from number, throw an exception
Step 4: If the value is less than zero, print an error message.
Step 5: If the value is number, check whether the number is greater than or equal to 18.
Step 6: If the age is 18, print able to vote else print not able to vote
Step 7: Stop

PROGRAM:

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))

if age >= 18:

print("Eligible to vote.")
else:
print("Not eligible to vote.")

OUTPUT:

Enter your age: 18

Eligible to vote.

RESULT:

Thus, the python program to validate voter’s age using Exception Handling was written
and executed successfully.
 EX. NO:10.c. Implementing real-time/technical applications for student mark
DATE: range validation using Exception Handling

AIM:

To write a python program to validate the student mark range using Exception Handling.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Read the mark
Step 3: Check whether the marks is less than zero and greater than 100 and print the result
Step 4: Stop

PROGRAM:
mark = int(input("Enter the mark: "))

if 0 <= mark <= 100:

print("Valid mark.")
else:
print("Invalid mark.")

OUTPUT:

Enter the mark: 80

Valid mark.

RESULT:

Thus, the python program to validate the student mark range using Exception Handling was
written and executed successfully.