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Observation

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45 views68 pages

Observation

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respuestojeffy

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CHAPTER I

ACTION
RESEARCH
Lesson 1:
Understanding Action Research
Guided Practice
A. Preliminary Activity: Answer the following questions:
1. Does the school have a research agenda?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. What are included in the school’s research agenda?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. Is there a policy for teachers to conduct action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. What is the focus of their action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. Is there available funding for this action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

B. Analysis of Action Research

Examine the previous action research conducted by the teachers. Supply the
information needed in the table below:

Needed Information Data

1. How many action research are
conducted each year?
2. How many teachers are doing
action research?
3. What are the topics of their action
research?
4. How many action research were
published or presented in a
conference?
5. How many action research were
funded by the school or an
outside agency?
C. Conduct an interview. Ask the following questions:
1. Are you aware of the action research process?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. What prompted you to conduct action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. What are your action research topics?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. Do you have enough time to conduct action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. Are there incentives for teachers who conduct action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
6. How did action research improve your teaching practices?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
7. How did action research enhance students’ learning?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
8. How did you disseminate the results of your action research?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Do the school and the teachers have a research culture?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Are the teachers aware of the process in conducting action research?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. How did action research improve the teaching and learning practices in the school?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What are the things that could be done to encourage the teachers to conduct action
research?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:
 I realized that:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

 I believe it is essential to:

 From now on, I am determined to:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Lesson 2:
Purposes of Action Research
Guided Practice
A. Interview some teacher-researchers using the following questions. Summarize
their responses and write them on the space provided after each question.
1. Who influenced you to conduct action research?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

2. What prompted you to conduct action research?

3. What was your experience when you conducted your first action research?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

4. How do you disseminate the results of your action research to other

teacher?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

5. How does action research help you as a teacher?

6. What are the lessons you learned from your action research experiences?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
B. Interview the principal using these questions. Write his/her answers in the space
below.
1. How did action research improve the research culture of the teachers?

2. What are the positive benefits of action research to your school?

3. How did action research develop school performance?

4. How did action research improve the quality of students’ learning?

5. What curricular and instructional innovations were developed as a result of

action research?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
C. Analyze sample action research in school. Read each action research carefully.
Select at least five action research. Identify the purpose of each research.

Title of Action Research Purposes

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:

Questions Answers
1. How many action research aimed to
improve the curriculum content?
2. How many research aimed to improve
instruction?
3. How many action research aimed to
improve students’ behavior and
motivation?
4. How many action research aimed to
improve teaching practices?
5. How many action research were done
collaboratively?
6. How many action research were
disseminated in conferences, seminars
or publication in journals?
7. What percentage of teachers are doing
action research?
8. How many teachers think that research
is helpful?

Do you think action research helped develop a culture of excellence among teachers and
students? Explain your answer.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Reflection
Write you reflection by completing the following statements:
 I realized that:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

 I believe it is essential to:

 From now on, I am determined to:

Guided Practice
A. Preliminary Activity. Examine all the available action research conducted within
the past two years. Write the titles and the research questions for each title in the
table below.

Title of Research Research Questions

B. Interview the teacher-researcher using these questions. Summarize and write their
answers in the space below.
a. How did you select your topics for action research?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

b. What prompted you to embark on these topics?

c. How did you select the questions for your action research?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

d. How long did you conduct your action research?

e. What challenges and problems did you encounter while conducting your
action research?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Do the topics reflect the educational issues and problem encountered in
school?

2. Are the research questions aligned with the research topics?

3. What could be done to help teachers improve topic selection and the
development of good research questions?
Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:
 I realized that:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

 I believe it is essential to:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

 From now on, I am determined to:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
LESSON 4:
ACTION RESEARCH PROCESS
GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Preliminary Activity. Analyze previous action research. Look at the alignment
between the following parts of the research.

Research
Research Topics Methodology Data Needed
Questions
B. Evaluate a sample action research based on the following criteria:

Parts of the Research Comments

Introduction
 Are the background and rationale clear and
logical?
 Is there enough theoretical background
provided for the action research?
 Do the research questions reflect the variables
based on the topic?
 Is the study significant?
Review of Literature and Studies
 Is there enough study to support the research?
 Does the study include findings of previous
research?
 Is there a logical presentation of literature and
studies?
 Is there no plagiarism?
Methodology
 Is the methodology appropriate for the study?
 Does the study observe ethical considerations in
dealing with the research participants?
 Are the research tools validated?
 Are the data collection procedures clear?
 Is the data analysis procedure valid?
Results of the Study
 Is there presentation of results logical and based
on the research questions?
 Is the statistical analysis valid?
 Are the results triangulated with the review of
related literature and studies?
Conclusions and Recommendations
 Are the conclusions supportive of the results?
 Are the recommendations made based on the
results of the study?
 Are the recommendations helpful for solving
educational issues?

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Explain your answers to the following questions:
1. Did the action research done follow the standard format?

2. Are the teachers aware of the standards to be followed in conducting action research?

3. What could be done to help teachers improve the way they conduct actions research?

Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:

 I realize that:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

 I believe it is essential to:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

 From now on, I am determined to:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
LESSON 5:
USING ACTION RESEARCH TO IMPROVE TEACHING AND LEARNING
PRACTICES

Guided Practice
A. Analyze the results of the previous action research conducted in the school. Identify
the recommendations made and what actions were done in relation to
recommendations.

Title of the Study Recommendations Action Taken

B. List school programs and polices that were developed as a result of the action
research.

School Programs
School Policies

C. List titles of action research that were disseminated to other teachers and schools.

Type of Dissemination
Title of Action Research (Presented in a faculty meeting, presented in
a conference, or published)
Processing
Examine the data have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Are the results of the action research fully utilized for school improvements?

2. Are the results of the action research disseminated to teachers and other schools?
3. What could be done to help teachers utilize and disseminated results of their action
research?

 I believe it is essential to:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

 From now on, I am determined to:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Chapter II

INSTRUCTIONAL
PLANNING
LESSON 1:
Determining the Nature of Instructional Planning

GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Direction: Interview your cooperating teacher. List Down five (5) preparation tips
being done by the teacher in planning for a successful classroom instruction.

1. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

3. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

4. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

5. __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

B. Directions: Through the help of your cooperating teacher, determine how many
minutes or hours does your cooperating teacher prepare the following elements of
instructional planning.
1. How many minutes or hours does your cooperating teacher take to prepare a
lesson plan? Why does it take your cooperating teacher that long?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

2. How many minutes or hours does your cooperating teacher prepare the learning
activities for effective instruction? Why does it take your cooperating teacher that
long?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
3. How many minutes or hours does your cooperating teacher prepare the
instructional materials needed? Why does it take your cooperating teacher that
long?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

Processing
Examine the data gathered. Answer the following questions:

A. In your own words, how will you define instructional planning?

B. Which among the tips on instructional planning is the most difficult to follow? Why
do you think so?

C. What will happen if the teacher did not prepare for the classroom instruction?

D. Which among the given tips above is the most important? Why?
Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:
• I realized that:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
LESSON 2:
Formulating the Instructional Objectives
GUIDED PRACTICE
A. With the guide of your cooperating teacher, write six(6) instructional objectives
composed of behavior and content following the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy.

Instructional Objective 1 (Remembering)

___________________________________________________________

Instructional objective 2 (Understanding)

___________________________________________________________

Instructional objective 3 (Applying)

___________________________________________________________

Instructional objective 4 (Analyzing)

__________________________________________________________

Instructional objective 5 (Evaluating)

___________________________________________________________

Instructional objective 6 (Creating)

___________________________________________________________

B. Download the DepEd Curriculum Guide. Select one (1) learning competency for each
component of the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. Encircle the behavior and box the
content in each learning competency.

Learning Competency 1 (Remembering)

___________________________________________________________

Learning Competency 2 (Understanding)

___________________________________________________________

Learning Competency 3 (Applying)

___________________________________________________________

Learning Competency 4 (Analyzing)

___________________________________________________________
Learning Competency 5 (Evaluating)
___________________________________________________________
Learning Competency 6 (Creating)
___________________________________________________________

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. What difficulty have you encountered in formulating the instructional objectives using
the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy?

2. What are the components of the DepEd Curriculum Guide? Enumerate and explain
each.

3. Which is easier to use in constructing the instructional objectives, Bloom’s Taxonomy

or the DepEd Curriculum Guide? Why?

1. What are the parts of the sample detailed or daily lesson plan?

2. Which among the basic parts of a lesson plan does the sample lesson plan include?
3. What are the other parts of the sample lesson plan which is no included in the
basic parts of the lesson plan?

B. Interview your school principal. Ask the following questions:

1. What is the importance of writing a lesson plan?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________
2. What do the teachers write the lesson plan, daily or weekly? Why?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________
3. How do they check, evaluate, and monitor the lesson plans of the teachers?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________

C. With the guidance of your cooperating teacher, write a detailed lesson plan about the
next topic for the class. Paste your detailed lesson plan here.
Processing

Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. What is the importance of writing a lesson plan?

2. In preparing the lesson plan, which part is the most difficult to prepare?

3. Which do you think is the most important part of a lesson plan? Why?

Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:
• I realized that:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
• I believe it is essential to:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
• From now on, I am determined to:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
LESSON 4:
Selecting Appropriate Teaching Strategies
GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Observe your cooperating teacher in one of his/her classes. List ten (10) teaching
strategies that he/she used and determine the level of participation of the students.

Teaching Strategy Level of Participation

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

B. Explain the guiding principle in selecting and using appropriate teaching strategies.
1. Learning is an active process.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

2. The more senses that are involved in learning, the more and the better learning.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

3. Emotion has the power to increase retention and learning.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

4. Learning is meaningful when it is connected to students’ everyday life.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________

5. Good teaching goes beyond recall of information.

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
6. An integral teaching approach is far more effective than teaching isolated bits of
information.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Based on your observations, what is the common level of participation of the students
to have the teaching strategies used by the teacher?

2. Which among the guiding principles of selecting and using teaching strategies is the
most important? Why?

3. Why do teachers need to used various teaching strategies?

Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:
• I realized that:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
• I believe it is essential to:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
• From now on, I am determined to:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
LESSON 5:
Selecting Appropriate Instructional Materials
GUIDED PRATICE
A. List the top 10 most used instructional materials of your cooperating teacher in his/her
classes.
Top 1: _____________________________________________________
Top 2: _____________________________________________________
Top 3: _____________________________________________________
Top 4: _____________________________________________________
Top 5: _____________________________________________________
Top 6: _____________________________________________________
Top 7: _____________________________________________________
Top 8: _____________________________________________________
Top 9: _____________________________________________________
Top 10: ____________________________________________________

B. Evaluate an instructional material (IM) used by your cooperating teacher using the
checklist below.

Evaluation of Instructional Material

Preview YES NO N/A
1. Did your cooperating teacher check in
advance:
a) That he/she has not used too many
IMs;
b) That he/she has not used too few
IMs; and
c) That his/her instructional materials
worked?
Presentation
2. Can the IM be seen or heard?
3. It is used for too long or not long enough?
4. Is the instruction clear (Does it aid
learning)?
Design
5. Will it work (blackout, bulbs, leads)?
6. Is there a logical sequence?
7. Is the tie for use about right?
8. Can it be misinterpreted?
9. Is there enough to too much variety?
10. Is there enough or too much color?
11. Is it well made?
Use
12. Has your cooperating teacher invited the
cooperation of the students?
13. Does it attract attention?
14. Has your cooperating teacher decided
how it will be introduced?
15. Does it supplement verbal information?
16. Does it hold attention?
17. Is it challenging for the students?
18. Does it consolidate learning?

C. Explain the guiding principles in selecting and using instructional materials.

1. All instructional materials are aids to instruction. They do not replace the teacher.
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________

2. Choose the instructional material that best suits your instructional objectives.
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________

3. If possible, use a variety of tools.

__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________

4. Check out your instructional material before class starts to be sure it is working
properly.

__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________

Processing
Examine the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. What is the importance of using appropriate instructional materials in the class?

2. What common instructional materials does your cooperating teacher use in his/her
classes?
3. Do the top 10 used instructional materials of your cooperating teacher use more than
one sense?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

INSTRUCTIONAL
RESOURCES
LESSON 1:
Understanding Instructional Resources

GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Preliminary Activity: Find answers to the following questions.
1. Does the school have library facilities?

2. Does the library contain textbooks and other reference materials?

3. Do teachers and students have access to the library resources?

4. Do teachers have a copy of the K to 12 curriculum guides?

5. Do teachers have a copy of the teacher’s guides?

6. Do teachers have access to the internet?

7. Do teachers have access to technology tools?

8. Does the school provide training of teachers in the use of varied instructional
resources?

B. Request permission to conduct an interview with teachers. Identify the instructional

resources used by teachers in teaching and learning.
1. What are the types of instructional resources used by teachers to motivate learners
about the lesson?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

2. What are the type of instructional resources used by teachers in the delivery of the
content of the lesson?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

3. What types of instructional resources are used by teachers in the assessment of

students’ academic performance?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

4. What are the types of resources used by teachers in practical applications?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________

Processing
Review the data you have gathered carefully. Answer the following questions:

1. How essential is the use of varied instructional resources to teaching and learning?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________

2. Aside from the K to 12 Curriculum Guide and Teacher’s Guide, what is the most
essential instructional resource?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________

3. In the absence of available instructional resources, what is the best thing that a teacher
should do to support teaching and learning activities?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
Reflection
Write your reflection by completing the following statements:
• I realized that:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE

A. Preliminary Activity. Look for research journals and literatures that can be used as
instructional resources for your chosen field of specialization or major. Write down
your answers on the columns provided on the next page:

1. TEXTBOOKS

Year
Published
Name of (write N.D.
Title of the Book Publisher City of Publication
Author’s if there is no
date
indicated)

2. RESEARCH JOURNALS

Year Published
Name of (write N.D. if Title of
Publisher City of Publication
Author/s there is no date Research
indicated)

B. Request permission to conduct a survey. Request teachers to help you identify

resources where you can access education research and literatures. Write down your
answers below:
C. Find answer to the following questions:
1. Do teachers use educational research journals and literatures to support the
teaching and learning activities?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. What are the challenges faced by teachers in using educational research and
literatures?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. Does the school promote the use of research-based materials and textbooks to
support instruction?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

4. Are the teachers’ instructional plans informed by research?

Processing
Review the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. How do educational research and literatures help improve the content of the
lesson?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. How do educational researches and literatures differ from other types of
instructional resources?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3. How do teachers benefit from using these types of instructional resources?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Preliminary Activity. Conduct a survey of digital used by teachers in teaching and
learning activities. Write your answer below.

B. Perform the following activities.

1. Create a short video clip about a specific lesson using ICT tools. Write your
experience in creating the video in the space provided below:

2. Prepare presentation slide regarding a specific topic using PowerPoint or other

presentation software. Describe the process of creating presentation slides.
3. Visit the DepEd Learning Portal through https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/k_to_12.
Check and observes how the learning portal is designed. Describe your experience
in accessing information from the portal. Write down your observation below.

4. Using Google or other search engines, look for Open Educational Resources
online and try to download an e-book. List down the websites where downloaded
the materials below.

Processing
Review the data you have gathered carefully. Answer the following questions:
1. How does digital media impact students learning?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using digital media in teaching and
learning? Write down your answers below:

Advantages Disadvantages

Other comments:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

• I believe it is essential to:

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
• From now on, I am determined to:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

LESSON 4:
Graphic Organizers as Resources for Visual Presentation
GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Find answers to the questions indicated in the following forms of graphic organizers.
1. Tables can be used for brainstorming and the assessment of learners’ prior
knowledge about the topic.

Topic: Graphic Organizers ______________________________

List anything that comes in your mind about the topic:
 _________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________
 _________________________________________________

How will you use graphic organizers in teaching?

 ____________________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________
 _____________________________________________________

What do you think are the benefits of using graphic organizers?
 ________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________
 ________________________________________________

2. Using the Venn diagram below, identify the advantages of using graphic
organizers compared to other forms of instructional resources.
Processing
Draw a concept map graphic organizer. Identify the benefits using graphic organizers
in student learning.

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE
A. Conduct a survey of instructional resources developed and produced by teachers. List
down your answers below.

B. Describe how teacher-made resources are developed.

C. Identify the challenges faced by teachers in developing and producing teacher-made

resources.
Processing
Review the data you gathered carefully. Answer the following questions:
1. What is the primary consideration in developing and producing teacher-made
resources?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. How do students benefit from teacher-made resources?

3. How will you promote the use of teacher-made resources?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGIES
LESSON 1:
Constructive Teaching

GUIDED PRACTICE

Observe actual classes using the following constructivist teaching and learning practices.

Other
Constructive Teaching Practices Observed Not Observed
Comments
1. Active learning strategies
2. Meaningful learning activities
3. Effective questioning strategies
4. Real-life and concrete examples
5. Cooperative learning activities
6. Problem-solving activities
7. Active investigation
8. Integrative learning activities
9. Practice and feedback activities
10. Effective motivation techniques
11. Generalization is provided by
students
12. Positive classroom atmosphere
13. Lessons and activities are
interesting
14. Students are encouraged to take
an active role in learning
15. Experiential learning activities
16. Varied learning activities
17. Students’ views are respected
18. Positive learning environment
19. Linking ideas and concepts with
real-life experiences
20. Modeling positive behavior
21. Available learning materials
22. Learning styles are expected
23. Differentiated learning strategies
Provide a narrative observation report on how teachers are using constructivist teaching and
learning in their classes

Subject:
Topic:
Observations:

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Processing

Examine carefully the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Does the teacher employ constructivist teaching-learning approaches?

2. How do students respond to constructivist activities?

3. How did constructivist teaching improve the teaching and learning practices in the
school?

4. What things could be done to encourage the teachers to use constructivist teaching-
learning approaches?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE
Observe actual using the following differentiated teaching and learning practices.

Differentiated Teaching and Learning Other

Observed Not observed
Practices Comments
1. Varied learning activities based on
the learning styles of students
2. Respect of individual differences
3. Objectives are designed based on
the abilities of the students
4. Objectives consider the level of
students
5. Topics are modified based on
learners needs and background
6. Learning activities are designed to
help every student learn
7. Assessment results are used to
improve instruction
8. Provision for individual and
collaborative learning
9. Lessons are developmentally
appropriate
10. Uses various assessment tools

Provide a narrative observation report on how teachers are using constructivist

teaching and learning in their classes.

Subject:
Topics:
Observation:
Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Processing
Examine carefully the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Does the teacher employ differentiated teaching-learning approaches?
2. How do students respond to differentiated teaching and learning activities?
3. What are the challenges met by teachers in the implementation of differentiated
teaching and learning?
4. How does differentiated teaching and learning improve students’ learning?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE

Observe classes and provide sample curriculum themes that are used by teachers.

Title of Research Research Questions

Provide a narrative observation report on how teachers are using integrated teaching and
learning in their classes.

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:
Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Processing
Examine carefully the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Does the teacher use integrated teaching-learning approaches?

2. How do students respond to integrated teaching and learning activities?

3. What are the challenges me by teachers in the implementation of integrated teaching

and learning?

4. How does integrated teaching and learning improve students learning?

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE
Observe classes and provide examples of cooperative activities that are used by teachers
in their classes.

Subjects Cooperative Learning Activities

Provide a narrative observation report on how teachers are using cooperative learning in
their classes.

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:
Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Processing
Examine carefully the data have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Does the teacher use cooperative learning approaches?

2. How do students respond to cooperative learning activities?

3. What are the challenges met by teachers in the implementation of cooperative

learning?

4. How does cooperative learning improve students’ learning?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

GUIDED PRACTICE
Observe classes and provide example of problem-based learning activities that are
used by teachers in teaching various topics.

Topics Problem-based Learning Activities

Provide a narrative observation report on how teachers are using problem-based
learning in their classes.

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Subject:
Topic:
Observation:
Subject:
Topic:
Observation:

Processing
Examine carefully the data you have gathered. Answer the following questions:
1. Does the teacher use problem-based learning approaches?

2. How do students respond to problem-based learning activities?

3. What are the challenges met by teachers in the implementation of problem-based

learning?

4. How does problem learning improve students’ learning?

• I believe it is essential to:

• From now on, I am determined to:

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