SOUTHVILLE 1 INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

VOICELESS OCCUPATION: THE LIFE OF JEEPNEY BARKERS

A Thesis
Presented to
The Faculty of the Senior High School
Southville 1 Integrated National High School
Balalal

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 1

By

Lambot, George V.
Madula, Roger V.
Obias, Arnulfo A.
Tan, Harold N.

March 2020
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page i
Table of Contents ii

CHAPTER
1 The Problem and Its Setting
Introduction
Theoretical Framework
Operational Framework
Statement of the Problem
Assumptions of the Study
Scope and Delimitation
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms

CHAPTER
2 Review of Related Literature
The Driver and the Conductor
Profile of a Jeepney Barker
Jeepney Barker’s Successful Story
Jeepney Barkers and their Controversies
The Image of the Jeepney Barkers
Life Course Theory
Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature
Gaps Bridged by the Study

CHAPTER
3 Research Methodology
Research Design
Sources of Data
Participants of the Study
Data Gathering Procedure
Treatment and Analysis of Data
Ethical Consideration

References

Curriculum Vitae
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

1-2 pages

Theoretical Framework

1-2 pages

Operational Framework

1-2 pages

Statement of the Problem

This study provided an in-depth description and understanding on the life of jeepney

barkers. It paved a way for people to be aware and understand the different situation of the

jeepney barkers.

Specifically, this qualitative study answered two central questions:

1. What have the participants experienced on their life as jeepney barker?

2. How have the participants cope with the difficulties of their life as jeepney barker?

Assumption of the Study

The researchers based this study on the following questions:

1. The participants experienced different struggles in doing their job.

2. The participants are kind and honest in the passengers they encounter during their

working hours.
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Scope and the Delimitations

The focus of this research is to give an in-depth description and understanding of the

lived experienced of male jeepney barkers. The participants of this study will be the jeepney

barkers in Poblacion Dos, Cabuyao City, Province of Laguna, who have been in the service as a

barker from six months above, with the age range 20-50 years old, considering that the

researchers will look for five jeepney barkers as their participants. This study will only focus on

the jeepney barker’s experiences during their working hours and the aspects that made them to

have a job as jeepney barkers.

Significance of the Study

Nowadays, wherein finding a permanent job is one of the struggles that individuals are

facing, a subtle job would suffice the necessities of a family. Barkers are not that recognized

since their job was not that noticeable in everyday lives. However, their significance in the

society is immensely relevant.

The result of the study may serve significance to the jeepney barkers, upon doing this

study; it could help them to amend the relationship between the driver and the passengers, fixing

the bad images that were thrown to them.

To the drivers, this would be a help to them to know and understand the situation of

jeepney barkers.

To the passengers,…..

To the government officers….

This study would also benefit the future researchers by the finding it would gave. This

could help them to enhance their analysis of the situation where are barkers are involved. The

whole study would be beneficial.

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And lastly to the researchers for being open-minded in understanding the life of the

jeepney barkers, this would help them to acquire new knowledge skills and this would also help

them to socialize and improve communication skills by building rapport with the participants the

researchers interviewed.

Definition of Terms

The following terms used in this study are defined conceptually and operationally:
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
(12 to 15 pages)

Synthesis of the Review Literature

The aforementioned related literature which have been conscientiously organized and

presented directed the researchers in conceptualizing the study. Initially, the rationale for

conducting the literature was heightened by the notion of the research conducted by David

(2012).

Gaps Bridged by the Present Study

The review of related literature and study, previously presented in this chapter showed

that the life of a jeepney barkers can be viewed as a voiceless occupation, there is a paucity of

studies stating why the jeepney barker’s life is distinguish as the voiceless discourse of

occupational identity. Since jeepney barkers are only found in the Philippines, the researchers

had a limited number of related literature and study within the Philippines.

This study will attempt to address this gap by focusing on the life of a jeepney barkers by

an in-depth understanding on how they live.

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Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(4 to 5 pages)

This chapter discusses the research design, the selection of the participants as well as the

instrumentation, information, and validation, data gathering procedures and treatment and

analysis of data.

Research Design

For describing the meaning of people’s lived experiences or phenomenon, the researchers

employed a phenomenological research design which focuses on the perspective of individual,

the actual experience on their job and the participant’s daily life. The goal of qualitative

phenomenological research is to describe a “live experience” of a phenomenon. As this is a

qualitative analysis of narrative data, methods to analyze its data must be quite different from

more traditional or quantitative methods of research. Essentially, you are focused on meaning,

the meaning of the experience, behavior, narrative, etc. (Dr. Janet Waters, 2017). As a concept, a

life course is defined as “a sequence of socially defined events and roles that the individual

enacts over time” (Giele & Elder, 1998, p. 22). These events and roles do not necessarily proceed

in each sequence, but rather constitute the total sum of the person’s actual experience.

OR

For the purpose of describing the meaning of people’s lived experiences from the concept

about pornography, the researchers of this study employed phenomenological research design

which focuses on identifying and analyzing what all the participants have in common as they

experience a phenomenon.
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This was done by reducing individual experiences with a phenomenon to a description of

the universal essence (a “grasp of the very nature of the thing”, Van Manen, 1990 as cited by

Creswell, 2007). Specifically, we utilized Psychological Phenomenology (also termed Empirical,

Transcendental), expounded by Moustakas (1194) as cited by Creswell (2005), which focuses

less on the interpretations of the researchers and more on a description of the experiences of the

participants.

Sources of Data

Majority of the data were gathered through multiple in-depth interviews with five

individuals as source of data for the research. For qualitative researches, Polkinghorne (1989), as

cited by Vreswell (2007), advised that researchers interview five individuals who have all

experienced the phenomenon. In reviewing related literature and studies needed to provide an in-

depth background and meaningful answers to the research problems, books, periodicals and

online journals were consulted and cited.

Participants of the Study

The participants of the study consisted of five individuals who have been servicing as

jeepney barkers for six months and above with an age of 20-50 years old, and doing their job in

the City of Cabuyao, in the Province of Laguna where the researchers have access. The

participants have been selected utilizing purposeful criterion sampling strategy through which

the researchers intentionally selected the site and individuals for study because it purposefully

informs and understanding of the researcher problem and central phenomenon under study

(Miles & Harberman, 1994) as cited by Creswell (2007).

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Data Gathering Procedure

After the validation of research instrument, the researchers followed the data gathering

procedures advised by Creswell (2007). / First, the researchers selected the participants with the

help of the barangay officials. After gaining access and establishing rapport with the jeepney

barkers the interview schedules will be set, then the actual one-on-one interviews will be

conducted.

OR

These steps, and their relationships to each other, provide a way for to assess the quality

of data.

One major area that you cannot see in these steps in data security, privacy and

confidentiality. This topic permeates data at almost every step. The researchers established

rapport by communicating possible participants around Cabuyao City, Laguna and explained to

them the purpose and the reason conducting the study. After establishing rapport, we prepared

the consent form. When the consent was obtained, the schedule for the interview was set.

Treatment and Analysis of Data

The researchers treated and analyzed the data gathered from the interviews using

Moustaka’s (1994), as re-detailed by Creswell (2007), approach. The first step taken was

bracketing in which the researchers set aside all preconceived experiences and focus on the lived

experiences of the participants. Next, the researchers will proceed with horizonalization, the

process by which the interview transcriptions will be read thoroughly and significant statements

was highlighted.
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Out of the significant statements, clusters of meaning were formulated and used to write a

textural description (what the participants experienced) and structural description (how the

participants experienced the phenomenon). From the structural and textural descriptions, the

researchers wrote a composite description that presents the “essence” of the participants’

experience on their life being a jeepney barker.

After describing the overall “essence” of the phenomenon under study, the researchers

took the final and last step, the verification from the participants. The researchers send each of

the participants for their respective verbatim transcriptions which we let them to read and review

the interview and how it was interpreted. This will allow the participants to ponder and review

on their responses or answers once again and provide clarifications or modifications.

Ethical Consideration

The researchers completed the study by bearing on mind ethical considerations especially

in terms of seeking information from the school administrators and participants. Initially,

permission sought from the teacher of Practical Research 1 OF Southville 1 Integrated National

High School, where the researchers studied to examine potential harmful impact and risk of the

study to participants. The participants were fully informed about the objectives of the study and

this would only be use for academic purposes. OR Written consent was also secured from the

school administration of (name of school). Prior to the video or audio recorded interview, every

participant guaranteed and assured of absolute confidentiality and was asked to sign a consent

form informing him or her the right to withdraw from the study at any time.