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MATH

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5 views2 pages

MATH

Uploaded by

hopeposadas219
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The concept of function has been introduced in a previous course in algebra Consider the

simplest of functions.

Ax + By + C = 0

Solving for y, we have


y = Ax+C/B= Ax/B+ C/B

Hence, in the equation 4x - 3y = 12,


3y=4x-12
y=4/3x-4

We describe y as a function of x. In symbols, this is written as

y = f(x)- Functions that are distinct are represented by different letters. For instance
f(x) = 3x-5, g(x) = 10x + 7

Functions of higher degrees are f(x) = 2x² + 3x-5, which is quadratic f(x) = x² + 4x²-7x + 9, which
is cubic.

Note that the right sides are polynomials. As such we can call them, generally s polynomial
functions.

A polynomial function in x is of the form P(x) = ax + a,xn-1 + axn-2 + ... + a where the leading
term is ax".

The Remainder Theorem


If P(x) = ax + a,x-1+ + a is divided by x - c, the remainder is the value of P(c). In symbols P(c) =
R

Proof: If P(x) is divided by x - c, there is quotient q(x) and a remainder R. We write this as

P(x) = (xc)q(x) + R.

Taking P(c) means substituting c for x.


P(c) = (cc)q(x) + R, where R is a constant.

Evidently, (cc)q(x) = 0. Therefore P(c) = R.

The Factor Theorem


If P(x) = ax + a₁x(n-1) + ... + a is divided by x - c, and the remainder is 0, then (x - c) is a factor
of P(x). In symbols, P(x) = (x - c) q(x), where q (x) is the quotient.

Rational Root Theorem


If the rational number P in its lowest term is a root of the equation then p is an exact divisor of a,
and q is an exact divisor of a. ax + a,x(n-1) + ... + a = 0,

Distance Formula
Distance is a numerical or occasionally qualitative measurement of how far apart objects or
points are

Distance formula - algebraic expression that gives that distance between pairs of points in terms
of their coordinates.

The distance formula itself is actually derived from pythagorean theorem which is (a^2)+(b^2) =
(c2) a2 + b² = c² where cc is the longest side of a right triangle (also known as the hypotenuse)
and aa,bb are the other shorter sides (known as legs of right triangle)

✓Line- set of points which is unlimitted in both directions


✓Ray- set of points which extends indefinitely in ine direction from a given point
✓Segment- set of points limited by two given points called end points

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