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Day_6 C-Programming

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9 views

Day_6 C-Programming

Uploaded by

ayushmanji444
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Day_6 C-Programming

(RECAP OF PREVIOUS DAY)

Array(Two dimensional), its uses in matrix computation(Addition,


multiplication,sum of diagonal elements, transpose). Passing array to
function.

Two-Dimensional Arrays

Definition

A two-dimensional array is an array of arrays. It is used to store data in a tabular


format, where data is organized in rows and columns.

Declaration and Initialization

Syntax:

<datatype> arrayName[rows][columns];

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int matrix[2][3] = {

{1, 2, 3},

{4, 5, 6}

};
printf("Two-dimensional array elements:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);

printf("\n");

return 0;

Output:

Two-dimensional array elements:

123

456

Uses in Matrix Computation

Matrix Addition

Addition of two matrices involves adding corresponding elements of the matrices.


Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int A[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};

int B[2][2] = {{5, 6}, {7, 8}};

int C[2][2];

printf("Matrix Addition:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

C[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j];

printf("%d ", C[i][j]);

printf("\n");

return 0;

Output:

Matrix Addition:
68

10 12

Matrix Multiplication

Matrix multiplication involves taking the dot product of rows and columns.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int A[2][2] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}};

int B[2][2] = {{5, 6}, {7, 8}};

int C[2][2] = {0};

printf("Matrix Multiplication:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) {

C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];

printf("%d ", C[i][j]);

}
printf("\n");

return 0;

Output:

Matrix Multiplication:

19 22

43 50

Sum of Diagonal Elements

Diagonal elements are those where the row index equals the column index.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int matrix[3][3] = {

{1, 2, 3},

{4, 5, 6},

{7, 8, 9}
};

int sum = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

sum += matrix[i][i]; // Primary diagonal

printf("Sum of diagonal elements: %d\n", sum);

return 0;

Output:

Sum of diagonal elements: 15

Matrix Transpose

Transpose of a matrix is obtained by interchanging its rows and columns.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int matrix[2][3] = {
{1, 2, 3},

{4, 5, 6}

};

int transpose[3][2];

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

transpose[j][i] = matrix[i][j];

printf("Transpose of the matrix:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {

printf("%d ", transpose[i][j]);

printf("\n");

}
return 0;

Output:

Transpose of the matrix:

14

25

36

Passing Arrays to Functions

Two-dimensional arrays can be passed to functions as arguments by specifying


the size of the second dimension.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

void printMatrix(int matrix[2][3], int rows, int cols) {

printf("Matrix:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {

printf("%d ", matrix[i][j]);

}
printf("\n");

int main() {

int matrix[2][3] = {

{1, 2, 3},

{4, 5, 6}

};

printMatrix(matrix, 2, 3);

return 0;

Output:

Matrix:

123

456
Practice Problems

1. Write a program to find the trace (sum of diagonal elements) of a 4x4


matrix.
2. Implement a function to compute the determinant of a 3x3 matrix.
3. Write a program to check if a given matrix is symmetric.
4. Implement addition and subtraction of two matrices using functions.
5. Create a program to find the row-wise and column-wise sum of a matrix.
6. Write a program to rotate a square matrix 90 degrees clockwise.
7. Implement a function to multiply two matrices of size MxN and NxP.
8. Write a program to find the largest element in each row of a matrix..
9. Write a program to check if two matrices are equal.
10. Write a program to find addition of Lower Triangular Elements in a Matrix.
11. Write a program to calculate sum of Upper Triangular Elements.

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