Scribd
Upload
36 views5 pages

Solid Liquid Extraction

Uploaded by

Shweta Chaudhari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views5 pages

Solid Liquid Extraction

Uploaded by

Shweta Chaudhari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

SOLID - LIQUID EXTRACTION

(LEACHING)

CHL 607 MTO II Page 1


SOLID - LIQUID EXTRACTION (LEACHING)

AIM: To determine the percentage recovery of solute by multi – stage solid – liquid extraction
(leaching) operation.

Feed = Oxalic Acid (50 gms) + Sand (100 gms)


Solvent = Water (200 gms)

APPARATUS: Beakers, stirring rod, burette & pipette.

CHEMICALS: Oxalic Acid, sand, Water, NaOH, Phenolphthalein

THEORY:
The extraction of a soluble constituent from a solid by means of solvent is generally referred as
LEACHING. If the solute is uniformly dispersed in the solid, the material close to the surface will
first be dissolved, leaving a porous structure in the solid residue. The solvent then will have to
penetrate this outer layer before it can reach further solute & the process will become
progressively more difficult & the extraction rate will be less.
The factors affecting the rate of extraction are :
1) Particle size
2) Solvent properties
3) Temperature
4) Agitation of fluid

PROCEDURE:
1) Take a mixture of white sand (100 gms) & Oxalic Acid (50 gms)
2) Add water (200 ml) to it as a solvent for extraction
3) Mix it for 15 minutes. Allow it to settle & pipette out all of extract from it. Titrate 10 ml
of this extract against (Std. 1N) NaOH.
4) Add fresh solvent (200 ml water) to the previous mixture & repeat the procedure.
5) Repeat the experiment for 2 more readings & calculate the cumulative % recovery of the
oxalic acid in three stages.

CHL 607 MTO II Page 2


(Note: Speed of agitation, temperature of the mixture & time of agitation should be maintained
constant for each stage of extraction)

OBSERVATIONS:
1) Feed =
2) Solvent =

Vol. of extract NaOH consumed i.e


Extraction Extract taken out
taken for titration Burette reading
stage No. (ml)
(ml) (ml)

CALCULATIONS:

Sample calculations for stage no. 1

N1V1 (Oxalic Acid) = N2V2 (NaOH)

Therefore, N1 = N2V2 / V1
Where,
N1 = Normality of Oxalic Acid in extract taken for titration.

V1 = Volume of Oxalic Acid in extract taken for titration.

N2 = Normality of NaOH

V2 = Volume of NaOH (i.e Buruette reading)

Concentration of Oxalic Acid in extract ( C )

= N1 x Eq. Wt. of Oxalic Acid

CHL 607 MTO II Page 3


= N1 x 63
C = ________ gm / ltr
The volume of extract taken out = V ml
Therefore, gms of Oxalic Acid in V ml of the extract

= CxV
1000
= _______ gms. = salt extracted in stage no. 1

Repeat the calculations for stage no.2 and stage no. 3.


Cumulative Recovery = Salt extracted in current stage + Salt extracted in previous stage

% recovery at each stage = Salt extracted in each stage x 100


Original amount of solute
Where, original amount of solute in feed = 50 gms.

Cumulative % Recovery = % Recovery at current stage + recovery at previous stage

Conc. of Salt extracted Cumulative


Extraction % recovery Cumulative %
Oxalic Acid in each stage recovery
stage No. at each stage recovery
(gms / ltr) (gms.) (gms.)
1
2
3

Total % Recovery = Addition of all cumulative % recoveries

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

CHL 607 MTO II Page 4


INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION:
 In the metal industry for removing mineral from ores ( acid solvent)
 In the sugar industry for removing sugar from beets ( water solvent)
 In the oil seeds industry for removing oil from soya beans, peanuts etc. (hexane or similar
organic solvents)

QUESTIONS:

1. Explain the principle of leaching


2. Explain the cross current multistage Leaching operation.
3. What is the difference between leaching and extraction?.
4. Explain the graphical procedure of calculations in cross-current leaching.
5. Discuss the factors affecting leaching operation.
6. Define overflow and underflow in leaching operation.
7. Explain extraction with super critical fluids.
8. Give some domestic application of leaching process.

CHL 607 MTO II Page 5

You might also like