Scribd
Upload
30 views7 pages

EL204 Notes SPR 2023

Digital Electronics course notes.

Uploaded by

mahogany2783
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
30 views7 pages

EL204 Notes SPR 2023

Digital Electronics course notes.

Uploaded by

mahogany2783
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

EL204

1/4/23
Lecture Notes

Digital Electronics Fundamentals

Analog - continuous values


Digital - discrete set of values

Analog vs. Digital


Digital can be processed and transmitted more efficiently and reliably.
Digital is better for storage and more resistant to noise.

Logic Levels: Voltage ranges representing HIGH(1) or LOW(0)


5VTTL - 5V, 2V, 0.8V, 0V
3.3V CMOS - 3.3V, 2V, 0.8V, 0V

Digital Waveforms
A signal that is HIGH or LOW at any given time, changing over time
Pulse
When signal exits normal resting state briefly before returning
Rising/Falling Edge - transition from LOW to HIGH or HIGH to LOW

Period - time to complete cycle (T, ms), T = 1/f


Frequency - cycles per second (f, Hz), f = 1/T
Duty Cycle - % of the cycle spent HIGH, % = (tw/T) x 100 →ms spent at HIGH

Periodic vs. Aperiodic


Periodic has repeating waveforms, cycles
Aperiodic waveforms are inconsistent or non-repeating

Basic Logic Functions


NOT converts HIGH to LOW, vice versa

​
AND only HIGH if all inputs are HIGH

​ ​ ​

A B AB

0 0 0

0 1 0

1 0 0

1 1 1

OR HIGH if at least one input is HIGH

​ ​ ​

A B A+B

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 1

Simple Logic Devices


1.​ Comparator - has two inputs (A, B) and three outputs (A<B, A=B, A>B)

​ ​ ​
A B A<B A=B A>B

0 0 0 1

0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0

1 1 0 1

2.​ Adder - has inputs (A, B, CIN) and outputs (Q (which is a sum 𝚺), COUT)

A B CIN Q COUT

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 1 0

0 1 0 1 0

0 1 1 0 1

1 0 0 1 0

1 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1

1 1 1 1 1

3.​ Encoder - converts input selection to binary bits


4.​ Multiplexer (Mux) - takes data from multiple lines and sends them across common line over time
or SWITCHES DIGITAL DATA FROM SEVERAL INPUT LINES ONTO A SINGLE OUTPUT LINE
IN A SPECIFIED TIME SEQUENCE.
-Reverse = Demultiplexer (demux)

1/23/2023

UNIVERSAL LOGIC GATES

NAND

​ ​ ​

LOW if all inputs are HIGH


Can be used to make any logic circuit imaginable by itself
NOR

​ ​ ​
HIGH if all inputs are LOW
Can be used to make any other kind of logic gate

XOR (Exclusive OR)

​ ​ ​ ​
LOW if inputs are equal (if there is an odd number of HIGH inputs)
XNOR (Exclusive NOR)

​ ​ ​
HIGH if an even or zero number of inputs are HIGH

Gate Ex.
Half- Adder (only a carry out)

You might also like