Labour & Sub-Contractor

Management

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

 Construction Management Tasks
Recruitment and dismissal, Take-off, schedule & Schedules & requisitions, Assist tendering and selection process, issue
inter-site liaison & transfer, requisition, Supplier liaison, Visiting consultants, supplier liaison & information/variations, co-ordination &
supervision, direction & weekly records, site use, stock site/trade foreman, correspondence, weekly hire liaison of works, meeting, progress
motivation, weekly & monthly checks, storage of materials trainees, site records & time sheets, site use & monitoring, administer quotations, claims
records, approve wages supervisors control, maintenance and payments, site measurements etc.

LABOUR MATERIALS STAFF PLANT SUB-CONTRACTORS

Evaluation of tender/ Public, Local Authorities

pricing and contractor’s Police
capability RESOURCES
TENDERING
THIRD PARTIES

Activities that are

carried out by the Service Departments
main contractor SITE MOBILISATION CONSTRUCTION RESPONSIBLE TO Contracts Manager
SUNDRIES CONTRACTOR
after the award of SITE Directors
the project by the MANAGEMENT
client CONTRACT
ADMINISTRATION SITE OFFICE MANAGEMENT

RESPONSIBLE FOR (PROJECT

Administer the contract among the stakeholders involved in the project OBJECTIVES)
Query list, variations, daywork sheets, confirm verbal
instructions, co-ordination, liaison of works, meetings,
initiate general correspondence, reports.

SAFETY MONEY QUALITY TIME ENVIRONMENTAL

Risk assessment, site safety Appraisals, weekly & Prepare & check snag list, Long/medium/short term Compliance towards
audits, health & safety monthly cost control, assist supervision, recording of tests, programmes, monitoring & environmental requirement.
equipments, health & safety valuation, claims & record performance, and quality recording progress, schedules
records/audits, health & safety payments administration. for information requirements,
administration planning & progress meetings

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

At the end of topic student should be
able to explain how to:-
Plan Sub-Contractors Planning/Requisition
Management Process

Organise Sub-Contractors,

Monitor and control Sub-Contractors Performance

Administer Sub-contractors Claims & Payments

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Introduction
• Sub-contractor - a company or person whom a
general contractor, prime contractor or main
contractor hires to perform a specific construction
task
• Types: i. Domestic Sub-contractor and ii.
Nominated Sub-contractor.
• A subcontractor will perform all or part of the
obligations of the contractor's contract.
• Depending on the Subcontractor Agreement, they
may be responsible for providing their own materials
and equipment for the task they are hired for.
• If contractors are the managers, subcontractors are
the workers.

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

 Objectives in Labour & Sub-Contractor
Management
Productivity - to
complete the job on
To keep cost of labour time To ensure that
competitive workers continue
to work until the
job completion

To ensure site
safety Objectives To maintain the
health of workers
Identify the numbers
and types of labour To produce
required (scheduling quality work
and leveling) To keep proper record
of workers

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Sub-Contractor Management
Processes
Take-off
quantities:

Sub-contractor Sub-contractor
claims & requirement
payments schedule

Monitor & control

Sub-contractor
sub-contractor
requisition
performance

Resourcing &
appointment of
sub-contractor

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Planning the Sub-Contractors
Management/Requisition
Process

Copyright.Fadzil@UiTM2020

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Labour & Sub-Contractor Management
Process
1. Take-off quantities:
 Identify type of labour/sub-contractor
 QS/Taker-Off/Construction Manager

2. Labour/Sub-Contractor Schedule
 Determine the pattern of use
 Schedule of use
 QS/Taker Off/Construction Manager

3. Labour/Sub-Contractor Requisition
 Inform HQ or Purchasing Department
 QS/Construction Manager/Purchasing(Procurement) Manager

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Labour & Sub-Contractor Management
Process
4. Resourcing & appointment of Labour/Sub-
Contractor:
 Labour – personal appointment
 List sub-contractors
 Request quotations from sub-contractors (Considerations: transport
cost, meals allowances, lodging, insurance, credit /payment terms)
 Confirm appointment (issue Purchase Order)
 QS/Construction Manager

5. Work Supervision:
 Sub-contractor coordination
 Quality of work
 Work progress (site meeting/daily supervision)
 QS/Construction Manager/Site Manager/Site Supervisor

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Labour & Sub-Contractor Management
Process
6. Claims & Payments
 Invoice
 QS/Construction Manager/Purchasing(Procurement) Manager/

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

 Determination of Labour & Sub-
Contractors – Building Trades
• Building Trades are the classification of works in
construction undertaken by specific construction
worker groups/specialists.

• May comprise of teams of workers headed by

‘Kepala’

• Can be skilled or semi-skilled or just ‘general

worker’

• Forms a key terms of reference in the calculation

of ‘Daywork Rates’ and ‘Schedule of Rates’ in
construction contracts

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 Building Trades
Classification of Trades:

• Excavator
• Bricklayer/Block layer
• Mason
• Carpenter
• Joiner
• Ceiling Fixer
• Tiler
• Electrician
• Foreman
• Ganger
• Groundworker
• Labourer
• Painter/Decorator
• Plasterer
• Plumber
• Scaffolder
• Steel Fixer

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

 Copyright.Fadzil@UiTM2020

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Gantt Charts: Master Program Copyright.Fadzil@UiTM2020

Refer Short
Term Program

Work Breakdown
Structure (WBS)

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Bar Charts: Master Program

Gantt Charts: Master Program

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
 Copyright.Fadzil@UiTM2020

Short Term Program

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 Determining Sub-Contractor Requirements
from Programmes & Schedules
T A J U K P R O J E K : M E M B I N A M A K M A L K O M P U T E R S E K O L A H

N O AK T I V I T I T R E D K U A N T I T I J E N T E R A B U R U H A N G K A T A P P E N G I R A A T E M P O H (HARI) K O S ( R M )
N

1 M e m a n c a n g Syarika - Theodolite(1 Unit) 2 - - 1 500. 0 0

tanda t

3 3
2 P e n g o r e k a n Syarika 4 5 . 9 M B a c k h o e ( 1 Unit) 1 4 M / j a m 45.9 = 1 2 j a m 1 1/2 545. 0 0
t
4

3 M e n y e d i a k a n Syarika - Alat A ra s 2 - - 1/2 500. 0 0

t
aras (1 Unit)

3 3
4 Lapisan T u k a n g 3 9 . 3 M Jentera P e m a d a t ( 1 2 1 . 5 M / ja m 39.3 = 1 1/2 1, 422. 2 5
tegar Unit) 1 3 j a m
Konkri B a c k h o e ( 1 Unit) 1.5 x 2
t

2 2
5 A c u a n T u k a n g 3 3 M - 2 3 M / j a m 3 3 = 5.5jam 1 946. 6 5
K a y u 3 x 2

3 3
6 Konkrit Alas T u k a n g 1 3 . 1 M M e s i n P e m b a n c u h 2 1 . 6 M / ja m 13.1 = 4 j a m 1/2 1, 465. 9 5
G r e d 1 5 Konkri Konkrit (1Unit) 1.6 x 2
t

2 2
7 Lapisan T u k a n g 2 6 2 M - 1 3 5 M / j a m 2 6 2 = 8 j a m 1 525. 0 0
Kalis
L e m b a b Konkri 3 5
t

2 2
8 B R C T u k a n g 3 1 0 M - 2 2 0 M / j a m 3 1 0 = 8 j a m 1 2, 520. 0 0
B e s i 2 0 x 2

3 3
9 Konkrit T u k a n g 5 0 . 7 M M e s i n P e m b a n c u h 4 1 . 6 M / ja m 50.7 = 8 j a m 1 6, 768. 3 4
lantai
b a w a h Konkri Konkrit (1 Unit) 1.6 x 4
t
G r e d 3 0
2 2
1 0 M e n a n g g a l k a T u k a n g 3 3 M - 2 6 M / j a m 3 3 = 3 j a m 1/2 30. 0 0
n
A c u a n K a y u 6 x 2

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Determining Sub-Contractor Requirements from
Programmes & Schedules

Copyright.Fadzil@UiTM2020

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Determining Sub-Contractor Requirements from
Programmes & Schedules

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

 Determining Sub-Contractor Requirements from
Programmes & Schedules
DURATION
ITEM DESCRIPTIONS QUANTITY UNIT PRODUCTIVITY RATE MANPOWER MACHINERIES PRICE / UNIT PRICE
(days)

E SUPERSTRUCTURE

1 Column
30 nos of column at 6m height
(size 0.75 x 0.75 m) = 3.375 m3 *use same productivity & resources as Ground Beam

a) Rebar 9,620 kg 150 - 250kg/man/day RM3.50-4.80/kg RM40,404

200kg / man / day x 6man = 1200kg/day 8 days 6 barbender, 1 general worker 2 barbending cutting machine

b) Formwork 540 m2 6 - 12 m2/man/day RM38-45/m2 RM22,680

10m2 / man / day x 6man = 60m2/day 9 days 6 carpenter, 1 general worker 2 cutting table

c) concrete 101.25 m3 6 @ 7 @ 8 @ 9 m3 / trip / truck x 2trip RM280-350/m3 RM32,400

9m3 / trip / truck x 2trip = 18m3day 6 days 1 team concretor = 4 man 1 mobile crane, 1 poker vibrator
1 nos column = 4set formwork
1 Set formwork = 2m height
90 6 set formwork
11.3 RM95,484

15 x 1.55
some of productivity in column using the size & nos of set formwork on site 23.25
2 Roof Beam & Slab (Slab at water tank only)
a) rebar 7,430 kg 150 - 250kg/man/day RM3.50-4.80/kg RM31,206
200kg / man / day x 6 man = 1200kg/day 7 days 6 barbender, 1 general worker 2 barbending cutting machine

b) formwork 598 m2 6 - 12 m2/man/day RM38-45/m2 RM25,116

10m2 / man / day x 6 man = 60m2/day 10 days 6 carpenter, 1 general worker 2 cutting table

c) concrete 112.0 m3 6 @ 7 @ 8 @ 9 m3 / trip / truck x 2trip RM280-350/m3 RM35,840

9m3/trip/truck x 2 trip x 1 truck = 4nos column 8 days 1 team concretor = 4 man 1 mobile crane, 1 poker vibrator
30nos / 4nos/day RM92,162

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

 Determining Sub-Contractor Requirements from
Programmes & Schedules
DURATION
ITEM DESCRIPTIONS QUANTITY UNIT PRODUCTIVITY RATE MANPOWER MACHINERIES PRICE / UNIT PRICE
(days)

G ARCHITECTURAL WORKS

1 Brickwork (6m Height) 840 m2 6-12 m2/ man / day RM38-45/m2 RM35,280
8m2/man/day x 8man = 64m2/day 13 days 8 bricklayer, 1 general worker 1 forklift

2 Door & Window Frame 12 nos 1 door / man / day x 2 man 6 days 1 door & window installer 1 Skylift RM300 RM3,600
32 nos 4 window / man / day x 2man 4 days 1 door & window installer RM100 RM3,200

3 Plastering (Ext & Int) 1,680 m2 8-14 m2/ man / day RM18-28/m2 RM42,000
10m2/man/day x 8man = 80m2/day 21 days 8 plasterer, 1 general worker 1 cement mixer

4 Ceiling Finishes - Aluminium Strip 480 m2 8-12 m2/ man / day RM90-120/m2 RM45,600
10m2/man/day x 6man = 60m2/day 8 days

5 Ceiling Finishes - Mineral Plaster Board 1,320 m2 8-12 m2/ man / day RM60-90/m2 RM105,600
12m2/man/day x 8man = 96m2/day 14 days 8 ceiling installer, 1 general worker

6 Wall Finishes (Tiles) - toilet area 720 m2 6-12 m2/ man / day RM90/m2 RM64,800
8m2/man/day x 8man = 64m2/day 12 days 8 tilers

7 Glazing Works (Glass Wall) 360 m2 12-20 m2/ man / day RM350-420/m2 RM136,800
10m2/man/day x 4man = 40m2/day 9 days 4 installer

8 Floor Finishes (Tiles) 480 m2 8-16 m2/ man / day RM110/m2 RM52,800
12m2/man/day x 4man = 48m2/day 10 days 4 tilers,1 general worker

9 Floor Finishes (Carpet) 1,320 m2 8-20m2/ man / day RM180-250/m2 RM290,400

18m2/man/day x 4man = 72m2/day 19 days 4 architectural workers

10 Painting - Skimcoat 3,000 m2 40-80 m2/ man / day RM5-8/m2 RM21,000

- Finish layer 3,000 m2 60-120 m2/ man / day RM8-12/m2 RM36,000
80m2/man/day x 3man = 240m2/day 13 days 3 painter
120m2/man/day x 3man = 360m2/day 9 days 3 painter

11 Door & Window 12 nos 1 door / man / day x 2 man 6 days 1 door & window installer RM2000/nos RM24,000
32 nos 4 window / man / day x 2man 4 days 1 door & window installer RM600/nos RM19,200

12 Sanitary Fittings 12 set 2-6 nos @ set / man / day RM420/set RM5,040
4nos @ set/man/day 3 days

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Monitor and control the Sub-
Contractors Performance

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 Preparing the Labour Schedule
and Leveling
Based on: References:
i. Contract Document (B.Q.) /
 Contract Period Quotation
ii. Plans & Specifications
 Total Volume of Work iii. Method Statement

 Maximum time available to do the work

 Capacity of Plant and Equipment

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Example of a Labour Schedule

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 Task in Labour Management

 Forecasting / Planning
 Organise
 Control
 Motivate
 Communicate
 Lead

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 Labour Supply
Transferred from Directly engaged
other project sites labour

Labour Employment
in construction

Sub-Contract / Kepala:
Total Sub-contract or Labour Only
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 Considerations for Subcontractor
Appointment
Considerations:
1. Experience

2. Work load

3. Quality of work

4. Capital
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Implications of Wrong Appointment of
Labour / Sub-Contractors
Delays

Cannot work with others

Not cooperative with others

Wastage of time and materials

Poor work quality

Conflicts

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

Organising Sub-Contractors
Monitoring & Control Process

What Who When Where How Resources

• 4W1H (who, what, where, when, how) is a method of asking

questions about a process
• This should include identifying the Resources required,
i.e., budget, tools, software, etc.

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Factors that Affect Labour Costing &
Productivity

2. Working 3. Subsidised
1. Salary
Hours Meals

4. Incentives / 5. Salary 6. Proper

bonus Increase place to stay

7. 8. Competent 9. Sub-
Transportation managers and contracting
to workplace supervisors the work

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 Administer Sub-contractor’s
Claims and Payments

Processing sub- Assessing sub- Methods for

contractors contractors paying sub-
claims claims contractors

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Processing sub contractor claims

Contractors QS
verify the sub-
Main contractor contractors claim
receives the by notify the sub- CMs approve the QS Prepare
progress claims contractor and agreed amount payment
from the sub- conduct a joint to sub-contractor certificate
contractor valuation to avoid
any dispute on
the evaluation

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payment upon direct
certification payment; and

contingent
payment

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 Summary on Labour / Sub-
Contractor Management
 Labour/Sub-Contractors – contractors valuable asset

 Labour/Sub-Contractors are people that must be treated

properly/accordingly

 Competitive salary with skills

 Construction management team must understand the

capability of the Labour/Sub-Contractors team

 Must be legal (with permits)

 Output – quality and satisfactory

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• How to process sub con claims?
• What are the factors affecting sub con productivity?
• How do you monitor and organise your sub contractor?
• What is the different between Domestic sub contractor with
Nominated Sub Contractor?
• How do you classify the subcontractor in your project?

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.