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Edexcel_Induction

Questions

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Questions

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Q1.

A coil of 300 turns each of area 1.5 × 10−4 m2 is placed in a magnetic field with its plane at right
angles to the field. The graph shows how the magnetic flux density B of the field varies with time
t.

The e.m.f. induced in the coil during the first 5 ms is

A 5.4 × 10−1 V

B 4.5 × 10−2 V

C 1.8 × 10−3 V

D 5.4 × 10−4 V

(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q2.

A circuit is set up as shown in the diagram. Lamps X and Y are identical.

The coil has a soft iron core. The resistor and the coil have the same resistance.

The switch is closed and lamp X lights instantly.

Which statement best describes lamp Y after the switch is closed?

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A Lights after a delay with a final brightness less than X

B Lights after a delay with a final brightness the same as X

C Lights instantly with less brightness than X

D Lights instantly with the same brightness as X

(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q3.

* A magnet is attached to the end of a spring as shown in the diagram.

The magnet is displaced vertically and released so that it oscillates.

The average vertical component of the magnetic flux density through the coil varies at a
maximum rate of 0.035 T s−1.
Calculate the maximum current in the copper ring.

radius of copper ring = 5.0 cm

resistance of copper ring = 6.7 × 10−5 Ω

(4)

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Maximum current = ...........................................................

Q4.

(a) State Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

(2)

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*(b) A magnet is attached to the end of a spring as shown in the diagram.

The magnet is displaced vertically and released so that it oscillates.

Explain why this produces an alternating current in the copper ring.

(4)

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Q5.

A student investigated the behaviour of a spring under tension. The spring was hung vertically
with a mass holder attached.

The position of the bottom of the mass holder was recorded. The spring was stretched by adding
masses to the mass holder and the new positions were recorded. The extension of the spring
each time was calculated.

The student produced the following table.

* Identical bar magnets are suspended from identical springs, with the North pole of each
magnet inside a coil of wire as shown. The two coils are connected together with conducting
leads.
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Magnet A is displaced so that it oscillates vertically. The North pole of magnet A moves into and
out of the coil of wire with simple harmonic motion. As this motion continues, magnet B starts to
oscillate. The amplitude of oscillation of magnet B increases over time.

Explain why magnet B starts to oscillate with an increasing amplitude.

(6)

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(Total for question = 6 marks)

Q6.

A student is investigating electromagnetic induction using a U-shaped magnet. The magnetic

flux density between the poles of the magnet is 74 mT. The magnetic field outside the region of
the poles is negligible.
She places a stiff copper wire between the poles of the magnet as shown in the diagram.
The wire is connected to an ammeter of resistance 0.25 Ω

(a) The rectangular poles measure 6.0 cm × 2.4 cm.

Show that the magnetic flux between the poles of the magnet is about 1 × 10−4 Wb.

(3)

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(b) The student holds the wire as shown in the diagram and moves it vertically upwards at a
constant speed of 1.2 m s−1
Calculate the e.m.f. induced in the wire when it is moving.
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(3)

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Induced e.m.f. = ...........................................................

(c) According to Lenz's law, a force will act on the wire to oppose the motion of the wire.

Calculate the magnitude of the force that opposes the motion and comment on this value.

(4)

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Magnitude of force = ...........................................................

Comment

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(Total for question = 10 marks)

Q7.

(a) A magnetic field can be measured with a device called a Hall probe. The probe is connected
to a voltmeter. When the probe is placed at right angles to a magnetic field, a potential
difference is recorded on the voltmeter. The potential difference increases with increasing
magnetic flux density.

A wire carries a constant current. A Hall probe is used to investigate how the magnetic flux
density produced by the wire varies with distance from the wire.
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The potential difference V was recorded for a range of distances r.

(i) Criticise these results.

(2)

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(ii) It is suggested that V and r are related by the equation

where k is a constant.

(1) Determine by calculation whether this suggestion is valid.

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(2) A graph of
is plotted against r.

State how the graph would indicate that the equation is correct.

(1)
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(b) The Hall probe can be replaced with a small coil of wire which is connected to a sensitive
voltmeter. The plane of the coil is at right angles to the magnetic field produced by the
current-carrying wire.

(i) Explain, with reference to Faraday's law, why the voltmeter reading would be zero.

(2)

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(ii) State three different ways in which an e.m.f. could be induced in this coil.

(3)

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(Total for question = 10 marks)

Q8.

A teacher demonstrates electromagnetic induction by dropping a bar magnet through a flat coil
of wire connected to a data logger.

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The data from the data logger is used to produce a graph of induced e.m.f. across the coil
against time.

*(a) Explain the shape of the graph and the relative values on both axes.

(6)

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*(b) The teacher then sets up another demonstration using a large U-shaped magnet and a very
small coil of wire which is again connected to a data logger.

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The north pole is vertically above the south pole and the coil is moved along the line AB which is
midway between the poles. The magnetic field due to the U-shaped magnet has been drawn.
The plane of the coil is horizontal.

Sketch a graph to show how the e.m.f. induced across the coil varies as the coil moves from A to
B at a constant speed.

(4)

(Total for question = 10 marks)

Q9. The photograph shows a digital clamp meter or 'amp-clamp'. This can be used to
measure the current in the live wire coming from the mains supply without breaking the circuit.

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The 'jaws' of the clamp are opened, placed around the wire carrying the current and then closed.
Inside the 'jaws' is an iron core with a coil of wire wrapped around it.

*(a) Explain how an e.m.f. would be produced in the coil of wire inside the amp-clamp when the
'jaws' are placed around a wire carrying an alternating current.

(4)

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(b) State why the amp-clamp cannot be used with a steady direct current.

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(c) The amp-clamp cannot be used with a cable that is used to plug a domestic appliance like a
lamp into the mains supply.

Explain why not.

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(2)

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(d) (i) Explain why the amp-clamp can be used to determine the magnitude of different
alternating currents with the same frequency.

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(ii) The amp-clamp may not be reliable when comparing alternating currents of different
frequencies.

Suggest why not.

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(Total for Question = 11 marks)

Q10. The diagram shows an end view of a simple electrical generator. A rectangular coil of
wire is rotated in a uniform magnetic field of magnetic flux density 3.0 × 10−2 T. The axis of
rotation is at right angles to the field direction.

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(a) The coil has 200 turns and an area of 2.0 × 10−4 m2.

Calculate the magnetic flux linkage for the coil when θ = 0°.

(2)

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Flux linkage = ...........................................................

(b) The coil is rotated at a constant rate of 2 revolutions per second.

(i) Calculate the average e.m.f. induced in the time taken for the coil to rotate from θ = 0° to θ
= 90°

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Average e.m.f. = ...........................................................

(ii) The graph shows how the induced e.m.f. varies over one cycle of rotation of the coil.

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Explain why the magnitude of the e.m.f. is smallest and greatest at the values of θ shown in the
graph.

(3)

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(iii) State and explain how the graph would differ if the coil rotated at a slower rate.

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(c) Vehicles such as electric cars are driven by electric motors. These vehicles use regenerative
braking to reduce the speed of the vehicle. The motor is operated as a generator during braking
and the output from the generator is used to recharge the batteries of the car.

(i) Explain how using the motor as a generator slows the car down.

(2)

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(ii) In practice, these vehicles also use friction braking as well as regenerative braking. This is
because regenerative braking on its own will not fully stop a car. Suggest why.

(2)

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(Total for Question = 14 marks)

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