FDS b

Defun algotethm and 0xuain jts chasaeteruti

dlyoibAm is a step by slep pveedure, whieh

djinas a set
NtuLetiens D be exeerteal in ceatain
osdorogek disud aLctp
ChaAacteALties:

0 INput &hauld have O

o r04 weu-dujind MP
Outpu: shaud Love nuoe wel-depind olP and hould
hadth dusud ot

FinitenLs: A4o rut terrninh atr a fnih no of LPs

Unabigouy 4 houwd be clLar y unambig0us , mm
only ohL mianuy
Jead

nderundtnt : 4 should be
ideUNdLnt any p aNM
Feasibiuby hould be eavbu uth areilable sounes

e i n and eyluin

Data iu a ut o Lalus
quantLtatin o qualitative vatialu
Can be analyud and
n sualugLol uA4 gAaphi and imahes.

(1) 0ata Mustun

Dotta uctuu u noangemens al ddta n uch a way that
opakion can be
pnformad eieintly
 310) FLOo chak 44 is th Raphical keNALLentatLon o an algaEtAM
i s vinLal and standatdizesl

Ynmbals

LO Andicato.

CoAMato

Hant stop

sgnmert enJuLnion

Decion making

E r L a u n divide and cOnque ratery w t utable eample

COmin4 dn tuni oMnlety

. P Mob tem u dinded intd nmalw b - fAolens and then eaeh holion
Lol ved indenendently .

n a u th ub oer a a u y rmelges int 0RodOA t o

abtaun the s0n he
o ogtnal Dbiem
MAg 60st Towe Hanai esoblem quick sou

shuyt au t h e Lo 6 olo
Chaging n oraler and LargerAuy
A b C
CoNnOt bc put en amaLle
 Z u a secniwe
Ocess

E a i n 4symptitie Nototions with examui

(i)- (a)
A s a oLmal way o eapse the L0se bond o an
algo s
LA une
r m a w s het caye m e compluity

Hn)
cgch)

nCetn)) gtn):c
Sueh tak os Cgen) s FÜn)
foL all
fCn)= n n'
3n+2
gn)- 3nt27 cn => C & n
3n+2 ACo) n .
tyo (o)
ime.
a nethad o sefAetrtLng h upper bound o alyoAuaniny
44 nynnts w s t case umi comnluauty

n) uppelound

fn)

b(4tn))=3n): c>o n, , 3ueh ka

OS n ) s
cgtn)
t al n
n
+Cn)#Cn) 3n+2
9Cn)=n

f (n)s cgtn)
3nt2- S= cn

fCn)
n 3nt
2
n

3n+2 = 0Cn)
(ini) Jhea (0)
JMA a ormal way oghepnueti LetA uPpes and Lowe bound,
ase

Cgtn)

FCn)

C)

(fUn))tn) mcC0 Co, n,>o,

such tha 0 C2Ch)£th)< u9 Un)
o al n
7n»4
f n)= 3n +2
3)n

C2gn) ftn) s
CiCn) CI C2>o
no>1

tu oi CiFl, c>=4 , >

3n4 2-E e Cn)
Enpuain u i e 4 Dynanue dS toLth exanupte

STATI CC
DYNAMtC
tatic DS i an
A
oganisatior n Dynamie DS the Sia
ef Ds
data in memay Whish has on dyamiall now e Mune
a ied size.
as Ldea

A y
d tinkad iut
.

Ads umov adil elunt da|

iu huwce cons
suae Madiiy an elsmens
urun
mecess.

Fa a c A y o elormOns Moer acces-Ao elemnents

gUheentihke blo ineoi and nan-lnLas wih acoamla

ON uNEAR
LINEA

dala n a

g a r i r data in D S is
oyaNU
S4 DS i t called
a n d om o n d u ALen
quential ondal then it ,
NOn LNas DS
IS cauled inear Ds

C a y , ueuL G Te
Staee. intad (ist
 a i n gAredy straley wuth suutabie
Time Pple v ( ecamp le ommap on
ih

tLoloLs J Mmdiate bes

em u ot so whuch can ae bea1
For lom tesm hay
coLntin coLs
(7to) des ed a u =
I

Gmedy appnoach
10+ I+I ++14
Global optium ol 7*HI)
aPproah pieke immeolia
ai galeauy epti mized n t opttmuzed vol° ahach a

peine and eplain ADT tAaet data TYP e

u a

is
matkematial maddor dasa Aypes shene a data p
damd by itt behaviou
4 s a
Logi cal des cnption e o we i e u the dota 2 he ep eratios
uwithout hugasd o hoo -Jhy wlu be
implennunted
16 i) Time Lomplerib

(i1) Space Compltity

Spade oMplex iy represenktR amourd ot eme ry spaea
Tead ly h algo in its ye yele
Spae is dapencden on dacta yPe e ai ven vaniaes

proble olv ing tkR

0Tdentiy th pnoblenm
Gi) ndergtand mokler
(iii) Iderk h autemate wayc o golH neb
v)selett b et way to sblue h e noL
v)is ihsthons uig sele tesl &ol
(vi) tvaluatt son.
 amr
an
from
deletiny an el ement

Start
1g0 s e t T - ktl

4 whie J<N
rep eat step
LA[-I] = LA LT]
Set+ J-J+1
NN-

odetivcul <Locam
usg namsLace ste;
ine maun C)

nt k 3,o = C, iJ
COuut <<
'agunal ala"

jkt
wiuen)
LA Cj-1J] =La Li] ;
j=j+I

n=n-I
Louut< "A y ater dolehen "

toa 1=o t <n +a)

Cout << LACJ;

3
9ubum O
2Insert an ilennent in askey

And 8uile j7=k

ep ea
G L Cj+1J= LACi3
e-j-j j-j-
LALA LkJ= ITEM

UA

nde HLneude <os thean

wns ame dpace Std)

unt La lJ {I2,3,S,a,
int1E M =o k:4 , n- Sj n
tor (i O, i <n, i+4.
Caut< LAtIJ;

n:n+
whil Cv= k)

LA]= ITEM
Cout << " Prau ater inseh
or (izo, ien, i4+)
Cou < LA Li),
ewhat is hrray? Dis SLS di ker ent op on aray.

a a isaset et onseeutie memoiy Locaion

which cortoiss
sunill plemants

Operahons
O IMetuer
Dolenen
Thavesal
seach
Sodig

19 T a as an ADT

A' do4a tyre can be cons idered at ADr when it s dej'red i

+e opescctiors on it y x ik imPlenrentaion 1s hicden

w h a is DS ? 2xplqin cassceti bn DS .

DS is t h arsa entef data in eeuch a y n a t p s can Le

peomud en it eiienty

DHTA STRU CTUP J

Non-P sLNut i e
Paumiti

Loa

UaA Non-Lia

amy
tree
SHALK

quee2
25 Ad dre s) Calculadion furmala tor 4D aray u n epanga

Addn al tirdas|Baue+ (k-Le

ase z
t t i addus
si e doct ype
=
element whos cddhJ beir)
Colsalud
LB Lowu bound Cinde» )

22 sequerdia-ogantsatson