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Computer Application 2

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13 views

Computer Application 2

Uploaded by

jllawmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Application

COURSE NO. 10
SEC, 2024
Mainframe Computers

 Called as Mainframe or big iron


Used by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as
censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction
processing.
Notebook Computers

 Very Small
 Portable
 Operate with chargeable batteries
 Eg: Laptops
Personal Computers (PCs)

 Non-Portable
 Can be used by one person at a time (single-user-oriented)
 PC have changed the work culture and work habits of numerous
organizations and individuals.
 An increasing proportion of office work now involves use of computers.
 Part time job from home.
 Can be found in offices, classrooms, homes, hospitals, shops, clinics, etc.
Workstations

 It is powerful desktop computer


 For greater power processing power
 Large storage
 Better graphics display
 Eg: Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Mainframe Systems

 Used in large size organizations such Banks(SBI, APEX, MRB, IDBI etc.), Insurance
Companies, Hospitals, Railways, Research group (ORCID, RESEARCH GATE),
Educational Institutions etc..
 Consists of HOST, Front-End, Back-End
Client and Server Computers

 Based on computer networks


 Possible to interconnect several computers that can communicate with each
other.
 Server-The process that owns the resource and does this management
 Client- Users (send services to the server)
Handheld Computers

 Tablet

 Mobile Phone
Basic Computer Organization

Five basic operations for converting raw input data into useful information and presenting it to a
user.
1) Inputting
2) Storing
3) Processing
4) Outputting
5) Controlling-Directing the manner and sequence in
Which the above operations are performed.
Hardware and Software
Hardware Software
Hardware is further divided into four main categories: Software is further divided into two main categories:
•Input Devices •Application Software
•Output Devices •System Software
•Secondary Storage Devices
•Internal Components
Developed using electronic and other materials Developed writing using instructions using a programming
language

When damaged, it can be replaced with a new component When damaged it can be installed once more using a backup copy

Hardware is physical in nature and hence one can touch and see The software cannot be physically touched but still can be used and
hardware seen

Hardware cannot be infected by Viruses The software can be infected by Viruses

An example of Hardware is hard drives, monitors, CPU, scanners, An example of software is Windows 10, Adobe Photoshop, Google
printers etc. Chrome etc.
Central Processing Unit

 Control unit(CU) and Arithmetic logic unit(ALU) of a computer system are together known as the

Central Processing Unit.

 The CPU is the brain of a computer system.

 All major calculations and comparisons take place inside the CPU.
INPUT DEVICES

Input Devices of Computer


A piece of hardware/equipment that enables the6. Scanner
user to enter data into a computer is called an input
7. Graphic Tablet
device. Some of the Commonly used input units used
in a computer system are as follows: 8. Microphone

1. Keyboard 9. Magnetic Ink Card Reader (MICR)

2. Mouse 10. Optical Character Reader (OCR)


3. JoyStick 11. Barcode Reader
4. Light pen 12. Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
5. Track Ball
Output Devices

Output Devices
A piece of hardware/equipment that presents the result of the entered input, once it is
processed, is called an output device. Several output devices display output in various ways such
as images, text, hard copies, and audio/video.
Some of the Commonly used input units used in a computer system are as follows:
1. Monitor/Display Screen
2. Printer
3. Speakers/Headphones
4. Projector
5. Plotter
6. Braille Reader
Computer Memory and Storage

 Primary Storage: Main memory


 To hold a piece of program instructions and data, intermediate result of processing.
 Primary storage can hold information only while computer system is on.
 It is Expensive
 Eg: Read Only Memory (RAM)
 Secondary Storage: auxiliary memory
 It is cheaper than primary storage
 It can retain information even when a computer system switch off or resets.
 Eg: Magnetic Disk (Hard Disk), SSD (Solid State Drive)

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