Please write clearly in block capitals.

Centre number Candidate number

Surname ________________________________________________________________________

Forename(s) ________________________________________________________________________

Candidate signature ________________________________________________________________________

GCSE
PHYSICS
Higher Tier Unit Physics P3
H
Friday 16 June 2017 Morning Time allowed: 1 hour
Materials For Examiner’s Use
For this paper you must have:
 a ruler
Examiner’s Initials
 a calculator
 the Physics Equations Sheet (enclosed).
Question Mark
Instructions
 Use black ink or black ball-point pen. 1
 Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
 Answer all questions. 2
 You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside
the box around each page or on blank pages. 3
 Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked. 4
Information 5
 The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
 The maximum mark for this paper is 60. 6
 You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
 You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in 7
your answers.
 Question 2(b) should be answered in continuous prose. 8
In this question you will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English TOTAL
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
 In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer.

(JUN17PH3HP01)
G/ME/Jun17/E4 PH3HP
 2 Do not write
outside the
box

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1 Figure 1 shows a loudspeaker made by a student. When there is a current in the coil
the paper cone moves.

Figure 1

Clamp
Elastic band
Direct current
(d.c.) supply

Coil of wire

Magnet
N S

0 1 2 3 4

Ruler
Paper cone
Elastic band

Clamp

The student investigates how changing the size of the current in the coil of wire affects
the distance moved by the paper cone.

1 (a) State two variables the student should control.

[2 marks]

1 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(02)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 3 Do not write
outside the
box

1 (b) The results of the student’s investigation are shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2

3.0

2.5

Distance 2.0
moved
by paper 1.5
cone
in cm 1.0

0.5

0.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Current in amps

1 (b) (i) When the current increases from 0.5 A to 0.9 A, how much does the distance
moved increase?
[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Increase in distance moved = _______________ cm

1 (b) (ii) State two conclusions that can be made from the graph.
[2 marks]

1 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
6

Turn over 

(03)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 4 Do not write
outside the
box

2 (a) Glasses may be used to correct defects of vision. Some glasses have been designed
with lenses that can be adjusted to give different focal lengths.

Suggest one advantage of using adjustable lenses in glasses.

[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2 (b) In this question you will gain marks for using good English, organising
information clearly and using scientific words correctly.

Explain how the human eye forms an image.

Your explanation should include:

  how a normal eye causes light from objects at different distances to form an image
  why long sight and short sight cause blurred images.

Do not include diagrams in your answer.

[6 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Extra space _________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(04)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 5 Do not write
outside the
box

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
_____________________________________________________________________________________ 7

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(05)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 6 Do not write
outside the
box

3 CT scans are used by doctors to create three-dimensional images of a patient’s body.

3 (a) (i) Explain why CT scans can increase the risk of cancer to the patient.
[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

3 (a) (ii) Although CT scans increase the risk of cancer they are still carried out.

Suggest why.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

3 (b) A child has a CT scan. Her mother stays in the room with her during the scan.

Suggest one precaution that the mother should take during the scan.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

3 (c) Ultrasound can also be used to create three-dimensional images of a patient.

State one advantage of using CT scans rather than ultrasound scans.

[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
5

(06)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 7 Do not write
outside the
box

4 One type of digital camera contains both a converging (convex) lens and a diverging
(concave) lens.

4 (a) State the name of the light detector used in digital cameras.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

4 (b) Converging and diverging lenses both produce images.

What type of images can be produced using converging and diverging lenses?

Tick () one box for each type of lens.

[2 marks]
Converging lens

Real image only

Virtual image only

Both real and virtual images

Diverging lens

Real image only

Virtual image only

Both real and virtual images

Question 4 continues on the next page

Turn over 

(07)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 8 Do not write
outside the
box

4 (c) Each lens in the digital camera is made from a different type of glass.

Figure 3 shows the relationship between the frequency of light and the refractive index
of the glass used to make each lens.

Figure 3

1.66

1.64 Key
Converging lens
1.62
Diverging lens
Refractive
index 1.60

1.58

1.56

1.54
600 650 700 750 800 850
Frequency of light in hertz (×1012)

Describe three differences between the refractive index of the glass used for the
converging lens compared to the glass used for the diverging lens as the frequency of
light increases.
[3 marks]

1 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

3 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(08)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 9 Do not write
outside the
box

4 (d) At one frequency, the glass of the diverging lens has a refractive index of 1.60
The angle of incidence of a ray of this light on the diverging lens is 20°

Calculate the angle of refraction for the ray of light.

Use the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet.

[3 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Angle of refraction = ___________ degrees

4 (e) The focal length of the diverging lens is 40 cm.

Calculate the power of the diverging lens. Give the unit.

Use the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet.

[3 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Power = _____________ unit _____________

4 (f) Give two factors that affect the power of a lens.

[2 marks]

1 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2 ___________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
14

Turn over 

(09)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 10 Do not write
outside the
box

5 Figure 4 shows some jaws used by the fire service. The jaws are opened and closed
by a hydraulic system.

Figure 4

Force applied
by load piston
to open the jaws Load piston
Jaw

Pivot

Tip of jaw

To effort piston

5 (a) The force applied at the effort piston is transmitted throughout the hydraulic system.

State the property of the liquid in the hydraulic system that allows this to happen.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

5 (b) The pressure in the liquid in the hydraulic system in the jaws is 5.2 × 108 Pa
The cross-sectional area of the load piston in the jaws is 4.1 × 10–4 m2

Calculate the force at the load piston.

Use the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet.

Give your answer to two significant figures.

[3 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Force = ___________________ newtons

(10)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 11 Do not write
outside the
box

5 (c) How does the maximum force that the tip of the jaws can apply compare to the
maximum force the load piston can apply?

Give a reason for your answer.

[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

5 (d) In Figure 4 the moments of the forces on the jaws are in equilibrium.

Explain what is meant by the statement ‘the moments of the forces on the jaws are in
equilibrium’.
[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
8

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(11)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 12 Do not write
outside the
box

6 Figure 5 shows how two forks can be used to make a potato balance on the end of
a knife.

Figure 5

Potato

Knife

Fork Fork

6 (a) (i) Use a cross to mark the centre of mass of the arrangement in Figure 5.
[1 mark]

6 (a) (ii) State the meaning of the term ‘centre of mass’.

[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(12)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 13 Do not write
outside the
box

6 (b) The potato is tilted to one side and then released. The potato and forks then oscillate
from side to side.

The time taken for half an oscillation is 0.4 seconds.

Calculate the frequency of the oscillations.

Use the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet.

[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Frequency = _________________ Hz
____
4

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(13)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 14 Do not write
outside the
box

7 Ultrasound has industrial applications as well as medical applications.

One industrial application of ultrasound is testing an aeroplane wing to make sure that
there are no cracks.

7 (a) State the minimum frequency of an ultrasound wave.

Include the correct unit.

[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

7 (b) An ultrasound pulse is transmitted from the top of a wing as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6

Ultrasound transmitter and detector

Wing
Small crack

There is a small crack in the wing. The ultrasound can be used to detect how far the
crack is from the surface of the wing.

7 (b) (i) The ultrasound signal on its own does not directly give the distance to the crack.

What measurement is taken to determine the distance to the crack?

[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

7 (b) (ii) What other information is needed to calculate the distance from the surface of the wing
to the crack?
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(14)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 15 Do not write
outside the
box

7 (b) (iii) Describe what happens to the ultrasound pulse when it reaches the small crack.
[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

7 (c) An aircraft is safe to fly for at least 2000 hours after a crack begins to develop in a
wing. The wing is tested after every 500 hours of flying time. If a crack is found the
wing is replaced immediately.

If there is a crack in the wing, an ultrasound test will detect the crack 99% of the time.

Suggest why the interval between tests is less than the safe flying time after a
crack develops.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
6

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(15)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 16 Do not write
outside the
box

8 Figure 7 shows two train tracks, A and B.

Figure 7

Track B
Track A

8 (a) (i) A train moves at constant speed along track A.

Explain how the train can be accelerating while travelling at a constant speed.
[3 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

8 (a) (ii) Two identical trains travel on the tracks, one on track A and one on track B.

Explain which train can travel at the highest maximum speed.

[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

(16)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 17 Do not write
outside the
box

8 (b) One type of train is designed to tilt as it goes around bends. Tilting the train more
increases the centripetal force that acts on the train.

8 (b) (i) Suggest one advantage of creating a train which can vary the amount it tilts as it goes
around bends.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

8 (b) (ii) The tilting train is designed so that the line of action of the weight of the train always
lies between the two rails.

State why the train does not topple.

[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Question 8 continues on the next page

Turn over 

(17)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 18 Do not write
outside the
box

8 (c) An engineer built a small scale model to predict the minimum safe radius of curved
track that the tilted train could safely go round at 250 km/hour. The results predicted
using the small scale model are shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8

3500

3000

2500

Minimum 2000
safe radius
in metres 1500

1000

500

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Angle that train is tilted in degrees

8 (c) (i) The engineer described the relationship between the angle that the train tilted and the
minimum safe radius at 250 km/hour as inversely proportional.

Use data from the graph to explain why the engineer is correct.
[2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

8 (c) (ii) The engineer also created a computer simulation of the tilting train.

Suggest one benefit of using a computer simulation over using a small scale model.
[1 mark]

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________
____
10
END OF QUESTIONS

(18)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 19 Do not write
outside the
box

There are no questions printed on this page

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

(19)
G/Jun17/PH3HP
 20 Do not write
outside the
box

There are no questions printed on this page

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Copyright information

For confidentiality purposes, from the November 2015 examination series, acknowledgements of third party copyright material will be published in a
separate booklet rather than including them on the examination paper or support materials. This booklet is published after each examination series and is
available for free download from www.aqa.org.uk after the live examination series.

Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and
AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team, AQA, Stag Hill House,
Guildford, GU2 7XJ.

Copyright © 2017 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.

(20)
G/Jun17/PH3HP