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Portfolio For Class X Polynomial

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6K views11 pages

Portfolio For Class X Polynomial

Uploaded by

adityabhai10103
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS

CLASS X
CHAPTER 2

POLYNOMIALS
POLYNOMIALS

Algebraic Expressions : - Mathematical statements


that contain variable(s), constant(s) and
operation symbols(addition,subtraction ,multiplication
and division
Eg; 2x + y, a2+ 2ab + b2, -5, 2/x, (2x + 3)
( x -1) etc.
Algebraic expressions can be
classified further as
1 ) Polynomials :- Algebraic expressions with the
exponents of the variable parts of each term as
a non-negative integer .

Eg. 2y-8, x2- 8xy + z, -15, √5 x-1 , 0 etc.

Counter examples:-
2/x, x2/3 + 2x -5, 5 √z -3 , 2y -2
y+3
Note:- Polynomials in x are denoted as p(x), q(x), etc
and that in the variable y as p(y), q(y) etc.

2. Rational expressions :- Expressions of the form P(x),


Q(x)
where P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials
Eg. 2x + y, a2+ 2ab + b2, -5, 2/x, (2x + 3)
x–1
TYPES OF POLYNOMIALS
Polynomials can be classified based on
a) Number of terms
b) Degree of the polynomial.

Types of polynomials based on the number


of terms

a) Monomial – A polynomial with just one


term. Example – 2x, 6x2, 9xy
b) Binomial – A polynomial with two
2
terms. Example – 4x +x, 5x+4

c) Trinomial – A polynomial with three


terms. Example – x2+3x+4
Degree of a polynomial :- The degree of a polynomial
is the degree of the highest degree term with non- zero
coefficient in the given polynomial.
eg. If p(x)= x3 + 2x – 10, then deg p(x) = 3,
Types of Polynomials based on Degree
.
Linear polynomial:- A linear polynomial is a polynomial
whose degree is 1.
.
For example, 2x+1 is a linear polynomial
The general form ( standard form) of a linear polynomial
in the variable x is ax + b, a≠0
A first degree polynomial is known as a linear polynomial
as the graph of it will always be a straight line.
Quadratic polynomial:- A quadratic polynomial is a
polynomial whose degree is 2
3x2+8x+5 is a quadratic polynomial.

The standard form of a quadratic polynomial


in the variable x is ax2+ bx + c, a≠0.

Cubic polynomial :- A cubic polynomial is


a polynomial of degree 3.

2x3+5x2+9x+15 is a cubic polynomial.


3 2
The general form is ax + bx + cx + d, a≠0
Value of a polynomial:- Value of a polynomial is the
value obtained when the variable takes a particular
value.
The value of the polynomial p(x) at x=a
is denoted as p(a)
Eg:- Consider the polynomial p(x) = 2x2 -3x + 1.
When x= 1, we get p(1) = 2X1 – 3X1 + 1
= 2-3+1 = 0
When x=2, p(2)= 8-6 +1 = 3
When x = -3, p(-3) = 18+9 + 1= 28.
Thus every polynomial gives a unique value at a given
value of the variable.
Zero of a polynomial :-
Zero of a polynomial is the value of the variable
for which the value of the polynomial becomes 0.
In the example, p(x) = 3x -6 ,
p(2 ) = 3X2 -6.
ie, p(2) = 0.
Therefore, Zero of the polynomial 3x-6 is x= 2.

Generally the zero of the linear polynomial


ax + b is x = -b/a

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