CHAPTER 07_DESIGN SOLUTION

710 Design Solution

720 Accomodation
730 Final Design

07 57
 CHAPTER 07_DESIGN SOLUTION
NEW TYPOLOGY
DROP_OFF AREAS

DESIGN SOLUTION: Designated areas with proper facilities for the key users
PICK_UP AREAS
should be provided. Through proper allocation possible
The Taxi transit Park located within the urban conflict between pedestrian and vehicle is minimised.
environment was envisioned as a sustainable multi- Offices for taxi association and transport officials should
functional complex of buildings. Taxis are a transport be provided.
system using carbon dioxide this requires a move
towards sustainability resulting in a new typology. Using
canopies for protection is not sufficient anymore. The
taxi facilities should represent the symbiosis between
the various role players. Taxi facilities should move away
from extremes (see Mahube in Mamelodi) where an over
designed urban field does not contribute to the city. From
afore mentioned it was concluded that a taxi rank should
be defined as a sustainable urban park.

Through planting trees and vegetation the carbon VEGETATION

footprint of the taxis (and their users) can be reduced.
In addition green spaces could re-establish a sense of PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT
place. The use of recycled material can further assist in TAXI MOVEMENT
reducing the carbon footprint. The harvesting of rainwater
should be employed as part of the technical resolution
of the design. Excess water is allowed filter into the
landscape (hard and soft). Recreational sport facilities PEDESTRIAN / TRADER AREA
in the interest of the user should be provided. The result
will be an increase in pedestrian attracting people during
the day and night. By using this method to the communal
aspect of the Taxi Transit Park is enriched.

NIGHT BASKETBALL FIELD

FIG.103. TAXI TRANSIT PARK TYPOLOGY EXPLANATION
58
 CHAPTER 07_ACCOMODATION

SHARED FUNCTIONS - Retail:

• Facilities
- The entrance (service foyer) and circulation • Post Office.
area positioned around the main stairs. These - South African National Council (SANTACO)
stairs serve both main building and the offices. • 10 Offices
- The services includes the following: • 2 Boardrooms
• Refuse area • 2 Offices for Secretary
• Recycle area • 2 Offices for the Transport Officials.
• Plant Room - Boxing Club
• Store Room • Admin Office
- Restrooms: there are four ablutions facilities • Management Office
placed in the building. • Open Plan Office
• The changing rooms for the boxing club. • Biokenetic Office
• The toilets for the taxi commuters. • 2 Studios
• The toilets for the retail area • Warm up and training area.
• The toilets for the office area. - Kitchen for both restaurants and SANTACO
office.
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS

- Trader area with trading booths defining the

waiting area for the commuters. This connects
to the taxi pick-up area.
- Restaurants:
• A traditional Pap & Vleis restaurant
• A more conventional restaurant for
instance (i.e. Wimpy).

59 FIG.104. TRANSIT TAXI PARK ACCOMMODATION

SIGNAGE DIAGRAM
 CHAPTER 07_FINAL DESIGN
1 2 3

FINAL DESIGN

The Taxi Transit Park is designed as a possible prototype box. The site is landscaped with trees and a roof garden
for future taxi facilities. The building complex acts as a over the building. When the need arises the building

GROUND FLOOR
PUBLIC SQUARE
gateway between the Public Square, as required by the can be changed into a high rise building. The structure
Urban Framework, and taxi area. Trader booths depicting is also a concrete frame with glazing and off shutter
jewellery boxes are scattered on the ground floor. The trader concrete infill panels. Steel mesh acts as sunscreen
booths are a steel frame with polycarbonate infill panels. devices on the western façade. Recycled rubber pavers
Their placement regulates the movement towards the water are used around the building for pedestrian traffic.
points further emphasising the path to the pick-up area.
These areas are accentuated with solid vertical red face The design remains unpretentious and it is linked to the
brick elements that originate from the concrete box gutters. landscape. The fixed structure and varied infills assists
in this aim. The openness and potential flexibility allow 1 2 3
The structure and envelope for the offices consist of for future change rather than only adhering to current
a concrete frame with glazing and red face brick infill. requirements. The building contributes towards public space
Steel mesh screens are employed as sun screening in an existing urban area where it is desperately needed.
devices. A public gathering space in the form of a The spaces related to the traditional restaurant, traders
Restaurant connects the bridge with the service building, and taxis respond toward the landscape. It offers shelter,
overlooking the taxi rank by day, and basketball court by it is open to sky space at times and covered elsewhere.
night. The main focus on ground floor is the boxing club. Within this context the building forms on human scale an
extension of the podium of Kruger Park and Schubart Park.

FIRST FLOOR
PUBLIC SQUARE
The upper level is accessed via a ramp on the public
square side, and stairs on the side of the taxis. Various
retail activities are hosted on the first floor together with
a post office and an information sector. The transport
officials’ offices take on an identity of a commentator’s

60 FIG.105. TAXI TRANSIT PARK DIAGRAM PLAN

 CHAPTER 07_FINAL DESIGN

CARBON FOOTPRINT TRADE-OFF

FIG.106. VEGETATION PULLED OVER THROUGH TRANSIT PARK

HUMAN SCALE PLINTH

FIG.108. 3D EXPLORATION OF TAXI TRANSIT PARK

FIG.107. BUILDING AS EXTENSION OF KRUGER & SCHUBART PARK STREET FACADE
PODIUM

61
 CHAPTER 07_FINAL DESIGN

TAXI

TRADER

FIG.109. CIRCULATION / MOVEMENT DIAGRAM PEDESTRIAN

62
 CHAPTER 07_FINAL DESIGN

FIG.110. 3D EXPLORATION OF TAXI TRANSIT PARK WAITING AREA

63
 CHAPTER 07_FINAL DESIGN
FIG.111. INSIDE 3D EXPLORATION OF TAXI TRANSIT PARK

64
 65
FIG.112. 3D EXPLORATION OF WATER POINT FIG.113. TRADER BOOTH JEWELLERY BOX IN WAITING AREA
 CHAPTER 07_FINAL DESIGN

FIG.114. TRADER BOOTH JEWELLERY BOX IN WAITING AREA

66
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS_TECHNICAL REPORT

810 Materials
820 Technical Report
821 Site Plan
822 Ground Floor Plan
823 First Floor Plan
824 Roof Plan
825 Section Elevation a_a
826 Section Elevation b_b
827 Section Elevation c_c

08
828 Section Elevation d_d
829 Technical Details

67
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS
SITE

VEGETATION DISTANCES
• Atteridgeville single trip is average 15km: Double is
Motor vehicles are weighty contributors to global 30km
warming their Carbon footprint should be considered in • Mabopane single trip is average 35km: Double is 70km
any design. As previously discussed the new typology • City CBD single trip is average 1.2km: Double is 2.4km:
for taxi ranks require a green trade off to reduce the Average 4 trips a day is 4.8km from proposed site.
taxis Carbon footprint. However all the trees should
not necessary be accommodated on the premises it ATTERIDGEVILLE
could also be positioned along the route (productive 30km x 224.4gCO² = 6 732gCO² per day

1 = 2 904
landscape). This consideration renders taxi rank 6 732 gCO² x 365days = 2457 180 gCO² per year
a multi functional space that allows for activities. =2457.2 kgCO²
2 457.2 / 20.3 =121 trees per taxi for a
CALCULATION FOR CARBON DIOXIDE TRADE year
121 trees x 24 taxis =2 904 trees for
Atteridgeville destination FIG.115. ATTERIDGEVILLE TAXIS CARBON TRADE
According to the Carbon free PATT foundation a large
tree will absorb approximately 20.3kgs of carbon dioxide
/ annum during its 40 year life span. MABOPANE
Emissions factors are required to estimate the CO2 impact 70km x 224.4gCO² = 15 708gCO² per day
per km (or passenger-km, tonne-km) from passenger 15 708 gCO² x 365days = 5733 420 gCO² per year
and freight transport. An assumption is made from the =5 733.4 kgCO²
Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs Table 5 733.4 / 20.3 =283 trees per taxi for a
15 p20 that the emission factor of taxis is 224.4gCO² per km. year

1 = 6 792
73 Taxis on site. An assumption is made of a third of the 283 trees x 24 taxis =6 792 trees for Mabopane
taxis for each destination. destination

FIG.116. MABOPANE TAXIS CARBON TRADE

68
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS
SITE

CITY
2.4km x 224.4gCO² = 538gCO² per day
15 708 gCO² x 365days = 196 574 gCO² per year

1 = 240
=196.6 kgCO²
196.6 / 20.3 =10 trees per taxi for a
year
10 trees x 24 taxis =240 trees for City CBD
destination
FIG.117. CITY CBD TAXIS CARBON TRADE

TOTAL
2 904 + 6 792 + 240 = 9 936 trees ≈ 10 000 trees
200 trees on site
Estimate of 1000 trees in Productive Landscape

PROPOSED TREES:
Fruit bearing trees for Productive Landscape.
Combretaceae (River Bushwillow) for Taxi Rank Facility
Olea europaea Africana (Wild Olive) outlining edge of
facility. Both trees are indigenous evergreen trees with
dense foliage.

FIG.118. RIVER BUSHWILLOW AND WILD OLIVE TREES

69
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS
SITE

PAVING stipulates that all tyres must be recycled and a green fee
RUBBER PAVEMENTS added to each new tyre sold in South Africa. Through this
an established network will form of registered companies,
South Africa faces a major environmental problem with the waste tyre agents and a waste tyre industry. With this
volume of waste tyres generated. As many landfill sites law it is an ideal opportunity to implement the use of
do not accept waste tyres for disposal, large quantities rubber pavers for all new taxi transit facilities, as the
are dumped in the veldt. These are then either burnt, technology exists and there is a movement to a greener
to recover the steel content, contributing significantly South Africa. Rubber sidewalks are a modular sidewalk
to air pollution. Of the tyres are recovered and sold as system made from recycled tyres with a polyurethane
second-hand tyres leading to excessive road accident binder and colorant, and is particularly intended for use
statistics (Department of Environmental Affairs, 2009). near trees (Rubbersidewalks, Inc, 2009). Just to give
The other option is to recycle the tyres at one of the an example of a whole tyres’ equivalent: 2 500 tyres are
two ‘tyre recycler’ companies in South Africa. The two needed for 1km road porous bitumen additive, and 1400
companies are Vredestein SA Recycling & Alrode and tyres for a 25mm playground surface of about 500m².
SA Tyre Recyclers in Atlantis. These companies process Reason for Rubber sidewalks being green:
the old tyres into “rubber crumbs” that are being sold at • Post-consumer recycled material
R2 per KG to companies like master Rubber which in • Reduces renovation impacts
turn manufacture products for instance rubber sheets for • Reduces pollution or waste from operations
playgrounds and parks from the rubber crumbs. At present
no company manufactures rubber pavers as it is too
expensive to manufacture, but Rubber pavement Blocks
are being imported by a company called Spectrum. Master
Rubber manufactures rubber blocks 300x300x12mm
and claims that they can manufacture rubber pavers.
The upcoming law about recycling tyres will be implicated
in 2010 (Department of Environmental Affairs, 2009), FIG.119. RUBBER SIDEWALKS
FIG.120. G BLOCKS PAVING
FIG.121. SITE MATERIALS DIAGRAM

70
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS
BUILDING

G BLOCKS PAVING manufactured by INFRASET for taxi MATERIAL CHOICE

ranking area. There are two main driving factors in material choice. The
first concern is practicality and the second concern that the
Reason for using G Blocks: building has to be a robust building because of its public
- Ideal for heavy parking areas. programme with the focus on materials to be sustainable.
- Little maintenance required
- G Block can be 80% recovered and reused EXTERIOR
- Contribute to site drainage (www.infraset.co.za)
PG BISON SURINNO SOLID SURFACING
CRUMBED RUBBER ASPHALT for the road and night Used as infill panels underneath various office windows
basketball play court: on building facade.

Reason for using Asphalt: SURINNO Solid Surfacing is a homogenous, innovative,

-produced from recycled tyre rubber crumbs composite acrylic modified polyester resin system with pure
- change of colour and texture appropriate for basketball inert fillers and proprietary colorants. The solid composition
court. creates colour and pattern throughout the material that are
being used alongside building facade (www.surinno.co.za).

RED FACEBRICK
Used at gateway wing to emphasise the catchment’s
area of the rainwater.

FIG.122. BUILDING MATERIALS DIAGRAM

71
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS
BUILDING

CORRUGATED POLYCARBONATE SHEETING: CONCRETE

Used as infill panels for trader booth and lighting wall Structure frame.
detail in First Floor Restaurant manufactured by Safintra Off shutter concrete is used to emphasise box gutter
(www.safintra.co.za). details, and facade textures.
Cast in Situ concrete for roof.
Reason for use:
- Flexibility: virtually unbreakable, offer great design GLASS
flexibility curving along and across corrugations. Infill glazing and window panels for shops, offices and
- Longevity: guaranteed not to lose more than 8 % of the the restaurant.
sheets light transmission in first 10 years and not more GKD MESH,
than 1% for every year thereafter. LAMELLA Mesh used for stair balustrade, and
- Versatility: Light weight with best combination of light KIWI Mesh used for exterior sun screens (www.
and heat transmission. gkdmetalfabricks.com).
- Maximum protection against harmful UV rays, allows
90% light through sheet and resistance to weathering CORRUGATED METAL SHEETING
makes it ideal for South Africa. Roof cladding for gateway wing.

COR-TEN SHINGLES
Ramp walls are clad with Cor-Ten to underline the theory
of time and movement in building by means of colour
change.

FIG.124. BUILDING MATLS DIAGRAM

72
FIG.123. 3D BUILDING MATERIALS DIAGRAM
 CHAPTER 08_MATERIALS
BUILDING

VENTILATION STORMWATER

The design opted for natural cross ventilation Emphasising the sustainable design, retaining water is
throughout the building, except in the exercise studios important. The roof garden reduce excessive overflow
and offices areas where mechanical cooling was to a minimum. The excess stormwater drains by means
required due to heat build up. HVAC units on 85mm of a screed that falls towards inlet gutters. On gateway
concrete pediment are placed on roof for this reason. wing water harvesting are directed from box gutters to
Vertical Stacks are placed over staircases to assist Polyethylene Aqua Slim Wall tank used for water points.
in natural ventilation. Floor to ceiling heights are Within the taxi rank area G-block pavers are used
increased with a roof garden that contributes to to reduce stormwater run off through drainage.
passive cooling, by means of plants and mass. Stormwater catch pits are provided for excess
FIG.125. FIRE STAIRCASES
stormwater connected to municipality stromwater sewer.
FIRE PLAN
SERVICES
According to SANS 10400
Vertical shafts are placed strategically in building
Three steel staircases are strategically placed that also to host various services from where horizontal
functions as fire escapes. The travel distance from any ceiling ducts are used to feed selected areas.
point in the building to the nearest escape is less than 45m.
An automatic fire sprinkler system is installed and receives CLIMATE
its water from the wet core on the Eastern building
edge (ASIB Automatic Sprinkler Inspection Bureau.) Permeable sun screens are carefully placed on Western
All steel members are painted with a thin-film mastic coating façade protecting it against excessive heat gain and
and all internal walls are fire proofed with a coat B-seal. glare by preventing direct sunlight on floor surfaces.
A planter screen is used for sun protection on
the South Western Façade of the gateway.

FIG.126. VERTICAL SERVICE SHAFTS

73
 CHAPTER 08_TECHNICAL REPORT
MODEL

FIG.127. MODEL PRESENTATION

74