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Tutorial 5 (1)

Uploaded by

francismbilinyi1729
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UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM

DEPT. CHEMICAL AND PROCESS ENGINEERING


CP 203: Engineering Thermodynamics TUTORIAL: 5

G1 & G8
1. An inventor claims to have developed a device that undergoes a thermodynamic cycle while
communicating thermally with two reservoirs. The system receives energy QC from the cold
reservoir and discharges energy QH to the hot reservoir while delivering a net amount of work to its
surroundings. There are no other energy transfers between the device and its surroundings.
Evaluate the inventor’s claim using (a) the Clausius statement of the second law, and (b) the
Kelvin–Planck statement of the second law.
G2 & G9
1. Classify the processes of Table 5.1 for a closed system as possible, impossible, or indeterminate.
2. As shown in Fig. 5.1, a rigid insulated tank is divided into halves by a partition. On one side of the
partition is a gas. The other side is initially evacuated. A valve in the partition is opened and the
gas expands to fill the entire volume. Using the Kelvin–Planck statement of the second law,
demonstrate that this process is irreversible.
G3 & G10
1. In what ways are irreversibilities associated with the operation of an automobile beneficial?
2. The data listed in table 5.2 are claimed for a power cycle operating between hot and cold reservoirs
at 1000 K and 300 K, respectively. For each case, determine whether the cycle operates reversibly,
operates irreversibly, or is impossible.
G4 & G11 & G15
1. The refrigerator shown in Fig. 5.2 operates at steady state with a coefficient of performance of 4.5
and a power input of 0.8 kW. Energy is rejected from the refrigerator to the surroundings at 20 0C
by heat transfer from metal coils whose average surface temperature is 280C. Determine (a) the rate
energy is rejected, in kW. (b) the lowest theoretical temperature inside the refrigerator, in K. (c) the
maximum theoretical power, in kW, that could be developed by a power cycle operating between
the coils and the surroundings. Would you recommend making use of this opportunity for
developing power?
G5 & G12
1. By supplying energy to a room at a rate of 25,000 kJ/h, a heat pump maintains the temperature of
the room at 20oC when the outside air is at ─100C. If electricity costs 8 cents per kW.h, determine
the minimum theoretical operating cost for each day of operation.
G6 & G13
1. Two kilograms of water execute a Carnot power cycle. During the isothermal expansion, the water
is heated until it is a saturated vapor from an initial state where the pressure is 40 bar and the
quality is 15%. The vapor then expands adiabatically to a pressure of 1.5 bar while doing 491.5
kJ/kg of work. (a) Sketch the cycle on p–v coordinates (b) Evaluate the heat and work for each
process, in kJ. (c) Evaluate the thermal efficiency.
G7 & G14
1. If a window air conditioner were placed on a table in a room and operated, would the room
temperature increase, decrease, or remain the same?
2. Two Carnot refrigerators operate in series between two reservoirs maintained at 20°C and 200°C,
respectively. The energy output by the first refrigerator is used as the heat energy input to the
second refrigerator. If the COPs of the two refrigerators are the same, what should the intermediate
temperature be?
1
Table 5.1

Table 5.2

Figure 5.1

Figure 5.2

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