Mark Scheme (Results)

October 2024

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced

Level In Physics (WPH14) Paper 01
Further Mechanics, Fields and Particles
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October 2024
Question Paper Log Number P78399A
Publications Code WPH14_01_2410_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2024
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners

must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they
mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade boundaries
may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the
answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be
prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not
worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide
the principles by which marks will be awarded and
exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the
mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must
be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
Mark scheme notes

Underlying principle
The mark scheme will clearly indicate the concept that is being rewarded, backed up by
examples. It is not a set of model answers.

1. Mark scheme format

1.1 You will not see ‘wtte’ (words to that effect). Alternative correct wording should
be credited in every answer unless the MS has specified specific words that
must be present. Such words will be indicated by underlining e.g. ‘resonance’
1.2 Bold lower case will be used for emphasis e.g. ‘and’ when two pieces of
information are needed for 1 mark.
1.3 Round brackets ( ) indicate words that are not essential e.g. “(hence) distance is
increased”.
1.4 Square brackets [ ] indicate advice to examiners or examples e.g. [Do not
accept gravity] [ecf].

2. Unit error penalties

2.1 A separate mark is not usually given for a unit but a missing or incorrect unit
will normally mean that the final calculation mark will not be awarded.
2.2 This does not apply in ‘show that’ questions or in any other question where the
units to be used have been given, for example in a spreadsheet.
2.3 The mark will not be awarded for the same missing or incorrect unit only once
within one clip in epen.
2.4 Occasionally, it may be decided not to insist on a unit e.g the candidate may be
calculating the gradient of a graph, resulting in a unit that is not one that
should be known and is complex.
2.5 The mark scheme will indicate if no unit error is to be applied by placing
brackets around the unit.

3. Significant figures
3.1 Use of too many significant figures in the theory questions will not prevent a
mark being awarded if the answer given rounds to the answer in the MS.
3.2 Too few significant figures will mean that the final mark cannot be awarded in
‘show that’ questions where one more significant figure than the value in the
question is needed for the candidate to demonstrate the validity of the given
answer.
3.3 The use of one significant figure might be inappropriate in the context of the
question e.g. reading a value off a graph. If this is the case, there will be a clear
indication in the MS.
3.4 The use of g = 10 m s−2 or 10 N kg−1 instead of 9.81 m s−2 or 9.81 N kg−1 will be
penalised by one mark (but not more than once per clip). Accept 9.8 m s−2 or
9.8 N kg−1
3.5 In questions assessing practical skills, a specific number of significant figures
will be required e.g. determining a constant from the gradient of a graph or in
uncertainty calculations. The MS will clearly identify the number of significant
figures required.
4. Calculations
4.1 use of the formula means that the candidate demonstrates substitution of
physically correct values, although there may be conversion errors e.g. power
of 10 error.
4.2 If a ‘show that’ question is worth 2 marks, then both marks will be available for
a reverse working. If the question is worth 3 marks then only 2 marks will be
available.
4.3 The mark scheme will show a correctly worked answer for illustration only.

5. Quality of Written Expression

5.1 Questions that asses the ability to show a coherent and logically structured
answer are marked with an asterisk.
5.2 Marks are awarded for indicative content and for how the answer is
structured.
5.3 Linkage between ideas, and fully-sustained reasoning is expected.
Question
Answer Mark
Number
1 The only correct answer is D (thermionic emission) 1

A is not correct because it is not caused by beta decay

B is not correct because it is not caused by excitation
C is not correct because it is not caused by the photoelectric effect

2 The only correct answer is A (kg m−3) 1

B is not correct because acceleration is a vector quantity

C is not correct because electric field strength is a vector quantity
D is not correct because impulse is a vector quantity

3 The only correct answer is B (lepton , meson) 1

A is not correct because alpha is not fundamental

C is not correct because proton is not fundamental and electron is
D is not correct because muon is fundamental

4 The only correct answer is A (134 neutrons, 84 protons) 1

B is not correct because it must be 134 neutrons, 84 protons

C is not correct because it must be 134 neutrons, 84 protons
D is not correct because it must be 134 neutrons, 84 protons

5 The only correct answer is D (

𝐹
, from Y to X) 1
𝐵 × 𝑒 × sin 66°

A is not correct because the angle between the direction of motion and the
magnetic field is 66° and the direction of v is from Y to X
B is not correct because the angle between the direction of motion and the
magnetic field is 66°
C is not correct because the direction of v is from Y to X

6 The only correct answer is D (√2 × 9.11 × 10−31 × 3.5 × 10−28) 1

A is not correct because this is not √2 × 𝑚 × 𝐸k

B is not correct because this is not √2 × 𝑚 × 𝐸k
C is not correct because this is not √2 × 𝑚 × 𝐸k

7 The only correct answer is B (conserved , not conserved) 1

A is not correct because total kinetic energy is not conserved

C is not correct because total momentum is conserved and total kinetic energy is
not conserved
D is not correct because total momentum is conserved

8 The only correct answer is D (The particles are accelerated by electric fields 1
inside the dees.)

A is not correct because this statement about cyclotrons is correct

B is not correct because this statement about cyclotrons is correct
C is not correct because this statement about cyclotrons is correct
9 The only correct answer is B (Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in a 1
small volume in the atom.)

A is not correct because if all of the positive and negative charge was in the same
location it would be neutral and have no effect on the alpha particles
C is not correct because the experiments gave no information about energy levels
D is not correct because protons and neutrons had not been identified

10 450 × 109 × 1.6 × 10−19 1

The only correct answer is C ( )
8 2
(3.00 × 10 )

A is not correct because this uses MeV instead of GeV and suggests that only the
mass-energy of one of the colliding particles has been conserved
B is not correct because this uses MeV instead of GeV
D is not correct because this suggests that the mass-energy in the interaction has
been doubled
Question
Answer Mark
Number
11 use of eV to J conversion (1)

Use of Egrav = mgh (1)

Egrav = 30 J with comparison and conclusion that it is not justified

Or Egrav = 1.9 × 1020 eV with comparison and conclusion that it is not
justified
Or (required) mass of brick = 3.6 kg with comparison and conclusion that it
is not justified
Or (required) height = 1.4 m with comparison and conclusion that it is not
justified (1) 3

Example of calculation
E = 2.4 × 1020 × 1.6 × 10−19 C = 38.4 J
Egrav = 2.8 kg × 9.81 N kg−1 × 1.1 m = 30.2 J
30 J < 38 J, so not justified

Total for question 11 3

Question
Answer Mark
Number
12(a) At least 4 radial straight lines from point (1)

(Radial) ruled lines equally spaced (1)

Arrow(s) on line(s) outward from point (only) (1) 3

12(b) Use of 𝐸 = 4π𝜀

𝑄
2
0𝑟
𝑘𝑄
Or Use of 𝐸 = 𝑟2 (1)

Addition of magnitudes of field strength due to P and field strength due to Q (1)

𝐸 = 9.9 × 104 N C −1
(1) 3
Example of calculation
14 × 10−9 C
𝐸P = = 7.9 × 104 N C−1
4π × 8.85 × 10−12 F m−1 × (4.0 × 10−2 m)2

−14 × 10−9 C
𝐸Q = = −2.0 × 104 N C −1
4π × 8.85 × 10−12 F m−1 × (8.0 × 10−2 m)2

E = 7.9 × 104 N C−1 + 2.0 × 104 N C−1

= 9.9 × 104 N C −1

Total for question 12 6

Question
Answer Mark
Number
13(a) Use of s = vt (1)

Distance = 647 (m) (1) 2

Example of calculation
s = 0.980 × 3.00 × 108 m s–1 × 2.20 × 10−6 s
= 647 m
13(b) Relativistic effects occur
Or travelling at relativistic speed (1)

Lifetime of muon increases (1)

Muon travels greater distance (before decaying) (1) 3

Total for question 13 5
Question
Answer Mark
Number
14* This question assesses a student’s ability to show a coherent and logically
structured answer with linkages and fully-sustained reasoning.
Marks are awarded for indicative content and for how the answer is structured and
shows lines of reasoning.
The following table shows how the marks should be awarded for indicative
content.
Number of indicative Number of marks Max linkage Max
marking points seen awarded for indicative mark final
in answer marking points available mark
6 4 2 6
5 3 2 5
4 3 1 4
3 2 1 3
2 2 0 2
1 1 0 1
0 0 0 0
The following table shows how the marks should be awarded for structure and lines
of reasoning.
Number of marks awarded for structure
of answer and sustained line of reasoning
Answer shows a coherent and logical 2
structure with linkages and fully sustained
lines of reasoning demonstrated throughout
Answer is partially structured with some 1
linkages and lines of reasoning
Answer has no linkages between points 0
and is unstructured
Guidance on how the mark scheme should be applied: The mark for indicative
content should be added to the mark for lines of reasoning. For example, an answer
with five indicative marking points which is partially structured with some linkages
and lines of reasoning scores 4 marks (3 marks for indicative content and 1 mark
for partial structure and some linkages and lines of reasoning). If there are no
linkages between points, the same five indicative marking points would yield an
overall score of 3 marks (3 marks for indicative content and no marks for linkages).
Indicative content:
IC1 (When the switch is closed,) there is a current in the circuit

IC2 Charge on capacitor increases

IC3 p.d. across capacitor increases and p.d. across resistor decreases

IC4 (I = V/R, so) current in circuit decreases (as p.d. decreases)

IC5 (As current decreases,) rate of charging decreases

Or rate of increase of p.d. decreases

IC6 Eventually p.d. across capacitor = V0, current = 0, no further change 6

in p.d. across capacitor
Total for question 14 6
Question
Answer Mark
Number
15(a)(i) By (Fleming’s) left hand rule ((F)LHR) (1)
Or magnetic field perpendicular to current, so (magnetic force)

Force is up on left/AC/A and down on right/BD/D (1) 2

(dependent on MP1)
15(a)(ii) Use of F = BIl (1)

Use of moment = force × perpendicular distance (1)

Resultant moment = 9.1 × 10−3 N m (1) 3

Example of calculation
F = 0.68 T × 0.24 A × 0.05 m × 32
= 0.26 N
0.035 m
Moment = (0.26 N × 2 ) × 2
= 9.1 × 10−3 N m

15(b)(i) Change in flux linkage (with coil)

Or (Wires) cut lines of (magnetic) flux (1)

Induces emf (1) 2

15(b)(ii) Calculates area of coil (1)

Applies knowledge of flux = magnetic flux density × area (1)

Use of flux linkage = N 𝜑 (1)

Use of 𝜀 = dN𝜑 / dt (1)

V = 0.48 (V) with comparison and conclusion that it is sufficient (1) 5

Example of calculation
Area = 0.05 m × 0.035 m = 1.75 × 10−3 m2
𝜑 = 0.68 T × 1.75 × 10−3 m2
= 1.19 × 10−3 Wb
N 𝜑 = 32 × 1.19 × 10−3 Wb = 0.038 Wb
𝜀 = 0.038 Wb / 0.080 s = 0.48 V
V = 0.48 V >> 0.1 V so it is sufficient
Total for question 15 12
Question
Answer Mark
Number
16(a)(i) 1 (1)
Use of 𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2

(1) 2
a = 0.83 (m s−2) (at least 2 sf)

Example of calculation
0.02 m = ½ a × (0.22 s)2
a = 0.83 m s−2
16(a)(ii) Use of 𝑉 =
𝑄 (1)
4π𝜀0 𝑟
(1) 2
Q = 1.9 × 10−9 (C) (at least 2 sf)

Example of calculation
𝑄
1800 V = 8.99 × 109 Nm2 C −2 × 0.0095 m
Q = 1.9 × 10−9 C
16(a)(iii) Use of E = V / d (1)

Use of F = EQ (ecf from (ii)) (1)

Use of F = ma (1)

a = 0.95 m s−2 with comparison and conclusion that other forces must be
acting 4
Or (resultant) force producing the acceleration in part (i) = 1.4 × 10−4 N
with comparison and conclusion that other forces must be acting (1)

Example of calculation
E = 1800 V ÷ 0.02 m = 90 000 V m–1
F = 90 000 V m–1 × 1.9 × 10−9 C
F = 1.7 × 10−4 N
a = 1.7 × 10−4 N / 0.00018 kg
a = 0.95 m s−2
a = 0.95 m s−2 > a = 0.8 m s−2, so other forces must be acting
16(b)(i) Similarity
In both there is no acceleration
Or They are at constant speed in both
Or In both there is no accelerating force (1)
Differences (max 2)
In the model there is a field, but there is no field (in the drift tube) (1)
In the linac the particle has charge, but no charge on the ball (1)
In the model the lengths of the sections are constant, but in a linac the
lengths of the drift tubes increase (1)
In a linac the time spent in each tube is constant, but in the model the time
spent in successive sections decreases (1) 3
16(b)(ii) The particles must spend the same time in the drift tubes (1)

The speed increases (between tubes), so they travel further in that time
Or they accelerate (between tubes), so they travel further in that time (1)

The length of the drift tubes must increase (1) 3

Total for question 16 14
Question
Answer Mark
Number
17(a)(i) Calculates area swept out (1)

Use of s = vt (1)

Calculates volume of air (1)

Use of m = V (1)

m = 3.3 × 10−3 (kg) (1) 5

Example of calculation
A = π × (0.041 m)2
= 5.28 × 10–3 m2
s = 2.4 m s−1 × 0.2 s = 0.48 m
V = 5.28 × 10–3 m2 × 0.48 m = 2.53 × 10–3 m3
m = 1.3 kg m−3 × 2.53 × 10–3 m3
m = 3.29 × 10–3 kg

17(a)(ii) Use of p = mv (1)

p = 7.91 × 10–3 kg m s−1 (ecf from (i)) (1) 2

Example of calculation
p = 3.29 × 10–3 kg × 2.4 m s−1
p = 7.91 × 10–3 kg m s−1
17(a)(iii) Use of F = mv / t (1)

F = 0.039 N (ecf from (ii)) (1) 2

Example of calculation
F = 7.91 × 10–3 kg m s−1 / 0.2 s
F = 0.039 N
17(b)(i) Vertically downward arrow from plane labelled weight/W/mg (1)

Arrow along thread away from plane labelled tension/T (1) 2

17(b)(ii) States mg = T cos  (1)

States mv2 / r = T sin  (1)

Suitable algebra to arrive at tan  = v2 / rg (1) 3

OR
tan  = FC / W

substitute FC = mv2 / r and W = mg

Suitable algebra to arrive at tan  = v2 / rg

Example derivation
mg = T cos 
mv2 / r = T sin 
sin  / cos  = mv2 / rmg
tan  = v2 / rg
17(b)(iii) Use of tan  = v2 / rg (1)

2π
Use of 𝜔 = 𝑇
and use of 𝑣 = 𝜔𝑟
2π𝑟
Or Use of v = 𝑇 (1)

t = 1.4 s (1) 3

Example of calculation
tan 22 = v2 / 0.21 m  9.81 N kg−1
v = 0.91 m s−1
0.91 m s−1 = 2    0.21 m / T
t = 1.446 s

Total for question 17 17

Question
Answer Mark
Number
𝑝
18(a) Use of 𝑟 = 𝐵𝑄 (1)

(1) 2
B = 1.15 T

Example of calculation
3.67 × 10−19 kg m s −1
1.99 m =
𝐵 × 1.60 × 10−19 C
B = 1.15 T

18(b)(i) Baryon (1) 1

18(b)(ii) Conservation of charge

Show charge for all particles: + is (+)1, + is (+)1, n is 0 (1)

Show total charge before = total charge after, with conclusion that charge is
conserved (1)
Dependent on MP1

Conservation of lepton number

Show lepton number for all particles: + is 0, + is 0, n is 0 (1)

Show total lepton number before = total lepton number after, with conclusion
that lepton number is conserved (1) 4
Dependent on MP3

Example of deduction
Charge before = +1, charge after = +1 + 0 = +1
Charge before = charge after, so conservation of charge applies

Lepton number before = 0, charge after = 0 + 0 = 0

Lepton number before = lepton number after, so conservation of lepton
applies
18(b)(iii) Use of trigonometrical function for x component of  momentum
Or Use of trigonometrical function for y component of  momentum (1)

Applies conservation of momentum (1)

Applies trigonometry to calculate final angle for neutron (1)

Applies trigonometry or Pythagoras to calculate magnitude (1)

Angle = 16.8° (1)

Magnitude = 3.36 × 10–19 kg m s−1 (1)

6
Example of calculation
x component  = 1.07 × 10–19 kg m s−1× sin 65° = 9.70 × 10–20 kg m s−1
y component of  = 1.07 × 10–19 kg m s−1× cos 65° = 4.52 × 10–20 kg m s−1
y component of neutron = 3.67 × 10–19 kg m s−1– 4.52 × 10–20 kg m s−1
= 3.22 × 10–19 kg m s−1
x component of neutron = 9.70 × 10–20 kg m s−1
tan 𝜃 = 9.70 × 10–20 kg m s−1 ÷ 3.22 × 10–19 kg m s−1 = 0.301
𝜃 = 16.8°
p2 = (3.22 × 10–19 kg m s−1)2 + (9.70 × 10–20 kg m s−1)2
p = 3.36 × 10–19 kg m s−1
18(b)(iv) Curving to the right (clockwise) (1)

Correct initial direction (1)

Smaller radius of curvature than sigma (1)

No line for neutron

(stated or dependent on seeing line definitively for pion) (1) 4

+

Total for question 18 17

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