Virus

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Table of contents
01 Biological basis of virus
● What is a virus?
● Mutant virus
● Vaccine

02 Virus and Diplomacy

● Diplomacy
● Example

03 Virus and World Economic

● What is Pandemic?
● Global Economy

04 Virus and Marketing

● What happens when the
Pandemic happen?

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Significant Viruses Throughout History
01 14C Black Death
● Diplomacy played a crucial role in recovering from the
Black Death by reopening trade routes, establishing
health policies, and forming alliances that stabilized
economies and communities.

02 1816~1826 Cholera
● Diplomacy during the cholera outbreaks from 1816 to
1826 facilitated international cooperation in
implementing quarantine measures, sharing public
health information, and establishing protocols to
control the spread of the disease.
03 ●
1917~1919 Spanish Flu
During the Spanish flu pandemic, the 1919 International
Conference on Influenza brought together representatives
from various countries to share strategies, marking a key
moment in international public health cooperation.
04 2002 SARS
● During the 2002 SARS outbreak, the World Health Organization's
rapid response and coordination among affected countries were
crucial in sharing information and implementing containment
measures to control the virus's spread.

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01
Biological basis
of virus

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 What is virus?
Living
1 Virus Definition : microscopic infective agent that can
only replicate within the living cells of a host
2 vs Nonliving
Trait

- made up of genetic elements and a capsid,

which is a protective protein coating.
- Non-cellular organisms Viruses can't live or reproduce on their
- gets into our bodies via our mucous own, so they're not considered alive.
membranes But they can reproduce and evolve in a
host, placing them in a grey area
- carry out no metabolism on their own between living and nonliving.

Disease / symptoms
3 can caused from virus 4 The way that viruses work

1. Attachment 3. Replication 5. Release

Diarrhea / vomiting / respiratory illnesses
2. Entry 4. Assembly

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 Vaccine
Working
1 Vaccination 2 Process
- Vaccines introduce an inactive
Or weakened form of the virus
to the body
Definition : Vaccination is a method of stimulating
The immune system to protect against - Immune system produces
Specific viruses antibodies in response,
preparing it to fight the virus if
Purpose : Prevents virus-related diseases by
exposed in the future
Building immunity

Common Viral
3 Vaccines 4 Benefits of Vaccination
1. Reduces the spread of viruses
2. Lowers severity of infections
Influenza / HPV / Hepatitis B / COVID-19
3. Protects vulnerable populations through herd immunity

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 Virus Mutants
1 Unique characteristic 3 Example: SARS-CoV-2
● viruses can change their genetic makeup, a
distinctive feature that leads to mutations.

2 Why do Virus Mutations Occur?

● Responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

undergone significant mutations:

● Mutations happen when errors creep into a - Alpha, Delta, Omicron

virus's genetic code during replication.
- Each variant had distinct
characteristics, making it challenging
● Most mutations are not beneficial, but some minor
to develop effective vaccines.
changes can offer advantages, like increased
survival or transmission.

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 ➜

02
Virus and
Diplomacy

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Virus and Diplomacy

In early 2020, Australia’s call for an The 2003 SARS outbreak During the Ebola outbreak in West
independent COVID-19 inquiry led to strained fostered improved Africa in 2014, the United States and
relations with China, which retaliated with diplomatic relations between Cuba set aside longstanding tensions
economic sanctions on Australian exports. the United States and and collaborated on providing
This diplomatic fallout prompted Australia to China through close medical aid, leading to a temporary
seek greater trade diversification to reduce its collaboration and shared thaw in their diplomatic relations.
dependency on China. efforts to combat the virus.

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03
Virus and
World Economic

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03. Virus and World Economic
Content
I. What is Pandemic?
i) Definition of pandemic
ii) examples that WHO recognized
iii) The effect of pandemic

II. Global Economy

i) Consumption and production
ii) The link of Consumption and production
iii) Changes between Consumption and production

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I. What is Pandemic?
1 Definition of Pandemic
Pandemic
: widespread occurrence of an
infectious disease over a whole
country or the world at a particular
time

→ Many people suffer

→ There are serious impacts such as health, social, and education impact

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I. What is Pandemic?
1
2 Examples that WHO recognized
Many people easily use the word ‘pandemic’.
However the interesting thing is that there is only two pandemics
which WHO (World Health Organization ) agreed

1. swine flu 2. COVID- 19

In 2009, there was swine flu, In late 2019, COVID-19 was a
also known as H1N1 influenza highly infectious respiratory
spread whole over the world illness that emerged and lead a
and it caused a global pandemic global pandemic

→ WHO admitted Pandemic if the disease has a very big impact on the world
such as changing the economy industry.
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What is the effect of pandemic?
In terms of Economic Impact
● Recession: Many sectors, such as tourism, hospitality,
and retail, suffer from shutdowns, leading to widespread
job losses and economic downturns.

● Supply Chain Disruptions: Global supply chains are

heavily impacted, leading to shortages of essential
goods and materials.

● Increased Government Spending: Governments often

The pandemic's impact on the economy is evident when looking at GDP
increase spending on health services, unemployment changes. The U.S. GDP fell from -9.5% to -32.9% from 2019 to 2020,
showing a significant decline due to COVID-19’s effects on the economy.
benefits, and stimulus packages, which can lead to
long-term debt.

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04
Virus and
Marketing

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Vaccine Marketing = a marketing that promote
vaccines through various ways

educational campaigns
= marketing strategy providing info. about vaccine

e.g.) Pfizer’s “Science Will Win” Campaign

media; use of TV, digital media, and

community partnerships

target; educating the public and addressing

vaccine hesitancy

contribution; higher vaccination rates,

playing a key role in the global effort to
combat the pandemic

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Vaccine Marketing
Help a Child Reach 5

e.g.) Moderna’s “Welcome to the mRNA

Age”

media; visual storytelling, digital presence

key aspects; innovation in science, focus on

mRNA tech, educational components,
long-term vision

target; innovators, early adopters

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Marketing
Help a Child Reach 5

Audience-Centric Messaging; focused on

parents in high-risk areas

Educational Partnerships; collaborated

with local leaders and schools to educate
communities on handwashing

Global Reach and Tangible Impact;

expanded across multiple countries,
including India, Indonesia, and Kenya

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 Global Diplomacy in Viral Pandemics

WHO cooperation Vaccine Diplomacy Travel Agreements

The WHO coordinates

global efforts by sharing Countries use vaccines as tools to Travel agreements balance safety
information, resources, strengthen alliances and support and economic needs by managing
and support during vulnerable populations worldwide. essential movement across
pandemics. borders during outbreaks.

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