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MongoDB_Indexing_Aggregation

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2 views

MongoDB_Indexing_Aggregation

Yes

Uploaded by

RM Gameing
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MongoDB Indexing and Aggregation

1. Indexing in MongoDB

Indexing in MongoDB improves the efficiency of queries by creating a data structure that stores a portion o

Types of Indexes in MongoDB:

1. Single Field Index: Index on a single field in a document.

db.collection.createIndex({ field: 1 }); // Ascending order

db.collection.createIndex({ field: -1 }); // Descending order

2. Compound Index: Index on multiple fields.

db.collection.createIndex({ field1: 1, field2: -1 });

3. Multikey Index: Index on fields containing arrays.

db.collection.createIndex({ tags: 1 });

4. Text Index: Index for text search.

db.collection.createIndex({ content: "text" });

5. Hashed Index: Index for hashed values, used in sharding.

db.collection.createIndex({ field: "hashed" });

6. Wildcard Index: Index on all fields or specific patterns.

db.collection.createIndex({ "$**": 1 });

Index Management Commands:


- View all indexes:

db.collection.getIndexes();

- Drop an index:

db.collection.dropIndex("indexName");

- Drop all indexes:

db.collection.dropIndexes();

Benefits of Indexing:

- Faster query execution.

- Optimized sorting.

- Improved performance for queries with large datasets.

Trade-offs:

- Indexes consume additional disk space.

- Indexes can slow down write operations (inserts, updates, deletes).

2. Aggregation in MongoDB

Aggregation is a powerful framework for processing and transforming data in MongoDB. It allows you to pe

Aggregation Pipeline:

The aggregation pipeline is a series of stages where each stage processes and transforms the data.

Basic Syntax:

db.collection.aggregate([

{ stage1 },
{ stage2 },

{ stage3 }

]);

Common Aggregation Stages:

1. $match: Filters documents based on a condition.

{ $match: { status: "active" } }

2. $group: Groups documents and performs aggregations.

{ $group: { _id: "$category", total: { $sum: "$amount" } } }

3. $project: Reshapes the document by including or excluding fields.

{ $project: { name: 1, total: { $multiply: ["$price", "$quantity"] } } }

4. $sort: Sorts documents in ascending or descending order.

{ $sort: { total: -1 } }

5. $limit: Limits the number of documents.

{ $limit: 5 }

6. $skip: Skips a specified number of documents.

{ $skip: 10 }

7. $unwind: Deconstructs arrays into multiple documents.

{ $unwind: "$tags" }

8. $lookup: Performs a left outer join with another collection.


{

$lookup: {

from: "orders",

localField: "userId",

foreignField: "_id",

as: "userOrders"

Example: Aggregation Pipeline

db.orders.aggregate([

{ $match: { status: "shipped" } },

{ $group: { _id: "$customerId", totalSpent: { $sum: "$amount" } } },

{ $sort: { totalSpent: -1 } },

{ $limit: 5 }

]);

This query:

1. Filters orders with status: "shipped".

2. Groups orders by customerId and calculates the total amount spent.

3. Sorts customers by their total spending in descending order.

4. Limits the result to the top 5 customers.

Indexing and Aggregation Together:

Indexes improve the performance of aggregation pipelines, especially for stages like $match and $sort. For

- If $match is the first stage in the pipeline, MongoDB uses the index to filter documents efficiently.

- Sorting on indexed fields speeds up the $sort stage.


By combining indexing and aggregation, you can handle large datasets efficiently and perform complex que

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