Scribd
Upload
13 views2 pages

Homework 7

Uploaded by

Soobae Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views2 pages

Homework 7

Uploaded by

Soobae Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Homework 7

EE 454 Power System Analysis


Due Dec 2nd at 11:59pm. Submit to
https://canvas.uw.edu/courses/1396999/assignments/5852819

Problem 1. [20 points]


A small power system with two loads is supplied by four generators. The cost characteristics
of these generators are given by (the powers are expressed in MW):
C1 = 300 + 12P1 + 0.05P12 [$/h]
C2 = 250 + 13P2 + 0.06P22 [$/h]
C3 = 150 + 11P3 + 0.08P32 [$/h]
C4 = 200 + 10P4 + 0.07P42 [$/h]
At an operating condition (for example, if there is a transmission line constraint), the two
loads are supplied subject to the following equality constraints:
1 1
400 = P1 + P2 + P3
2 3
1 2
500 = P1 + P3 + P4 .
2 3
Find the output of the generators and both of the Lagrange multipliers.

Problem 2. [30 points]


A small power system is supplied by three generators. The cost characteristics of these
generators are given by (In these expressions, the powers are in MW):
C1 (P1 ) = 300 + 11P1 + 0.05P 12
C2 (P2 ) = 250 + 13P2 + 0.06P 22
C3 (P3 ) = 150 + 16P3 + 0.08P 32 .
There are two regions in the system, and generator 1 is located in region A while generator
2 and 3 are located in region B. There is a transmission line connecting region A to region
B with a limit of 300 MW. The load is 200 MW in region A and 1100 MW in region B. It
turns out that the line would transmit at the 300 MW from region A to region B under this
scenario.
a) Formulate the optimization problem. Hint: Given that 300 MW is flowing from one
region to the other, find the effective loads that generator 1 is supplying and the
effective load generators 2 and 3 are supplying.

1
b) Find the optimal generator outputs.

c) Find the Lagrange multipliers associated with the two regions.

Problem 3. [20 points]


Let ω be the frequency of a power system. A common feedback control is to adjust the
output of a generator to track the nominal frequency, that is,

∆P = −k(ω − ω 0 ), (1)

where k is a positive constant and ω 0 = 2π60. It turns out that for a system with many
generators, at most one generator can follow the control law in (1). Why is this? That is,
why is it undesirable to have two generators both following control laws in the form of (1)?
Hint: think about measurement noise.

You might also like