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Pumped Hydro Storage System Problems - 1

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13 views1 page

Pumped Hydro Storage System Problems - 1

Uploaded by

alsendymhm40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

A pumped hydro storage system is used to store excess electricity in the potential energy of a fluid (a dam,
run in reverse) as opposed to a battery. Water is pumped steadily from a lower reservoir to an upper reservoir
(h = 48 m) at a volumetric flow rate of 0.035 m 3/s. Assume that both bodies of water are relatively stagnant
(V = 0 m/s) and at the same pressure P1 = P2. The pump being used is currently consuming 21 kW of
electrical energy for storage into the water. However, as most real-world systems, the pump does not operate
perfectly, and some of the electrical energy is lost to heat due to frictional losses in the pump.
Part A: Determine the rate of energy stored mechanically in the fluid flow (kW) .
Part B: Determine the rate of heat lost to the surroundings due to the frictional losses (kW) .
Part C: Determine the efficiency of the pumped hydro storage system .
2. A power grid has a load pattern during one 24h period that averages 40MW during 0-6h, 80 MW during 6-9h
and 45 MW during 9-18h and 75 MW during 18-24h. A pumped-hydro energy storage system is considered.
The Turbine-generator efficiency while discharging is 75.00% and Motor-Pump efficiency while charging the
elevated reservoir is 66.67%. The elevation difference between the reservoirs is 100 meter. Calculate the
required power output of the powerplants with storage. [133MW, 167MW, 61MW, 123MW, 47MW, 184MW,
56MW, 111MW, 193 MW, 93MW]
3. A power grid has a load pattern during one 24 hour period that averages 600MW during 18 hours and
1200MW during 6 hours. A pumped-hydro energy storage system with an elevation of 30.5 m is considered.
Calculate
(a) The power output of a powerplant, in megawatts, that would meet the load demand with and without
storage.
(b) The volume (in m3) of water that must be pumped to meet storage demand. The turnaround efficiency
is 0.8. Water density is 1000 kg/m3.
4. Assume you are designing a pumped hydro storage (PHS) plant with the following specifications:
• Pumping efficiency of 85%
• Generating efficiency of 90%
• Maximum flow rate of 100000 liters per second
• Available head of 200 m
• A reservoir capacity of 800000 m 3
• Minimum fill level of 50000 m 3.
Note, please use 10 m/s2 as value for the gravitational constant in your calculations.
i) What is the volumetric energy density of your PHS?
ii) What is the maximum output power of your system?
iii) Running the PHS at maximum flow rate (and assuming no re-fill during this period), how long can you
provide a steady output power of 50 MW?
5. Consider a pumped hydro system that is used for energy storage. During off-peak hours, excess electricity
is used to pump water to a storage reservoir (rectangular cuboid shape). During peak demand periods the
flow is reversed and electric power is generated by flowing the water through a hydraulic turbine. The
storage reservoir is 50 m above hydro turbine that can accommodate up to 1 m 3 per second of water flow.
a) Suppose the reservoir needs to store 2780 kWh of hydro energy. What is the depth of the reservoir if its
area is 1000 m2?
b) If the turbine generator’s efficiency is 80%, how much energy does it produce in a year? Express your
answer in MWh. Here we assume that the generator has a constant power output across the entire year.
c) How many people can this energy support, assuming average energy consumption is 3650 kWh per
person per year?
6. Consider a pumped hydro system that is used for energy storage. During off -peak hours, excess electricity
is used to pump water to a storage reservoir (rectangular cuboid shape). During peak demand periods the
flow is reversed and electric power is generated by flowing the water through a hydraulic turbine. The
storage reservoir is 120 m above hydro turbine/pump units and the hydraulic turbine that can accommodate
up to 700 liters per second of water flow.
a) How much area would the pumped storage reservoir need to be to store 1300 MWh of hydro energy if
its average depth were 12 m? Express your answer in square meter. Is this reasonable?
b) Estimate the theoretical power (assume 100% efficiency) produced during the times that electricity is
generated.
c) If the round-trip efficiency of the pumped storage unit is 80% (i.e., energy out/energy in), how much
water (m3) must the reservoir hold to store the same 1300 MWh of energy?
Hints:
• Density of water is 1000 kg/m 3 (or 1.0 kg/liter)
• Acceleration of gravity g is 9.80 m/s2.

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