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Lecture Introductory Concepts1

Emt

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26 views33 pages

Lecture Introductory Concepts1

Emt

Uploaded by

Harun ERkul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EEE201:

Electromagnetic Theory

Assoc. Prof. Merih Palandoken

Lecture 1
Textbook

Field and Wave Electromagnetics Engineering Electromagnetics and Waves


David K. CHENG Umran S. Inan , Aziz Inan, Ryan Said
Class Description
Prerequisites by Topic:
– University physics
– Complex numbers
– Partial differentiation
– Multiple Integrals
– Vector Analysis
– Fourier Series
Examples of Electromagnetic
Applications
Examples of Electromagnetic
Applications, Cont’d
Examples of Electromagnetic
Applications, Cont’d
Examples of Electromagnetic
Applications, Cont’d
Examples of Electromagnetic
Applications, Cont’d
Research Areas of
Electromagnetics
• Antennas
• Microwaves
• Computational Electromagnetics
• Electromagnetic Scattering
• Electromagnetic Propagation
• Radars
• Optics
• etc …
Why is Electromagnetics
Difficult?
What is Electromagnetics?
What is a charge q?
Fundamental Laws of
Electromagnetics
Steps in Studying Electromagnetics
SI (International System) of
Units
Units Derived From the
Fundamental Units
Fundamental Electromagnetic Field
Quantities
Three Universal Constants
Fundamental Relationships
Scalar and Vector Fields
• A scalar field is a function that gives us
a single value of some variable for
every point in space.
• Examples: voltage, current, energy,
temperature
• A vector is a quantity which has both a
magnitude and a direction in space.
• Examples: velocity, momentum, acceleration
and force
Example of a Scalar Field
Scalar Fields

e.g. Temperature: Every location has


associated value (number with units)
22
Scalar Fields - Contours

• Colors represent surface temperature


• Contour lines show constant temperatures
23
Fields are 3D

• T = T(x,y,z)
• Hard to visualize
 Work in 2D

24
Vector Fields
Vector (magnitude, direction) at every point
in space

Example: Velocity vector field - jet stream


25
Vector Fields Explained
Examples of Vector Fields

Divergence concept Rotation concept


Examples of Vector Fields
Examples of Vector Fields
VECTOR REPRESENTATION

3 PRIMARY COORDINATE SYSTEMS:

• RECTANGULAR
Choice is based on
symmetry of problem
• CYLINDRICAL

• SPHERICAL Examples:
Sheets - RECTANGULAR

Wires/Cables - CYLINDRICAL

Spheres - SPHERICAL
Orthogonal Coordinate Systems: (coordinates mutually perpendicular)
Cartesian Coordinates z
P(x,y,z)
y
Rectangular Coordinates
P (x,y,z) x

z
z
P(ρ, Φ, z)
Cylindrical Coordinates
P (ρ, Φ, z) r y
x Φ

z
Spherical Coordinates P(r, θ, Φ)
θ r
P (r, Θ, Φ)

Φ
y
x

Page 108
-Parabolic Cylindrical Coordinates (u,v,z)
-Paraboloidal Coordinates (u, v, Φ)
-Elliptic Cylindrical Coordinates (u, v, z)
-Prolate Spheroidal Coordinates (ξ, η, φ)
-Oblate Spheroidal Coordinates (ξ, η, φ)
-Bipolar Coordinates (u,v,z)
-Toroidal Coordinates (u, v, Φ)
-Conical Coordinates (λ, μ, ν)
-Confocal Ellipsoidal Coordinate (λ, μ, ν)
-Confocal Paraboloidal Coordinate (λ, μ, ν)
z z
P(r, θ, Φ)
Cartesian Coordinates P(x,y,z)
θ r P(x,y,z) y

y x
x Φ

Spherical Coordinates Cylindrical Coordinates


P(r, θ, Φ) z P(r, θ, z)

z
P(r, θ, z)

θ
r y
x

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