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Tutorial 1: Principles of Communications and Spectral Analysis (Solutions)

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11 views8 pages

Tutorial 1: Principles of Communications and Spectral Analysis (Solutions)

Uploaded by

istiaq8888
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

Tutorial 1: Principles of Communications and Spectral Analysis


(Solutions)
Principles of Communications

1.
Information
Source Transmitter

Channel

Information
Sink Receiver

2. Frequency = c / wavelength = 3E8 m/s / 550E-9 m = 5.45E14Hz or 0.545 PHz

3. Wavelength = c / frequency = 3E8 m/s / 3E19 Hz = 10pm (1 pm = 1E-12 m)

4. Infrared.

5. Gamma Rays - Killing Cancer Cells


X-Rays - Medical Uses (X-Raying People)
Ultra Violet - Sterilising and sun tanning
Visible Light - Light we see, photography is a use.
Infra-Red Light - Night Vision, short distance communication and heating.
Microwaves - Cooking, communication.
Radio Waves - Include radio and TV broadcast, communications.
Audio Waves – Sound we hear, music, communications.

6.

Radio FM Radio wave Receiver


Radio AM Radio wave Receiver
GPS Microwave Receiver
Remote control Radio wave Receiver
Reverse sensor Microwave Receiver / Transmitter
Bluetooth Microwave Receiver / Transmitter
Head Light Visible wave Receiver

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ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

Spectral Analysis (Fourier Series)

2.

Trigonometric Fourier series of x(t):

Since is an even function signal,

3.
f(x)


x
-3 - 0  3

(a) For the trigonometric form,

2
ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

Since this is an odd function,

(b) For exponential form,

To find

For

(c) DC value is

4. is periodic with period,

Let

Then,

3
ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

Spectral Analysis (Fourier Transform)

5. (a)

From Frequency Shifting Property,

From Time Shifting Property,

(b)

From Scaling Property,

(c)

From Differentiation Property,

6.
g(t)

f(t) 1.5

-1 0 t 0 2 t
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ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

can be obtained in three steps:


I: Time expanding
II: Delaying by 2 seconds
III: Multiplying by 1.5

Step I:

Step II:

Step III:

7. The signal is given in the figure below

v (t )

1
2

0 t
 1
2

Using Differentiation Property,

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ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

8.

- - +

Spectral Analysis (Signal Spectrum)

9. Given that

Hence,

10.

6
ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

(a) Draw the graph of versus

(b) Draw the graph of versus

(c) Using the Differentiation Property,

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ETM2046 Analog & Digital Communications

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