QUARTER 1 WEEK 1

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

• Describe the definition, aims, and branches of Physics.
(A)
• Describe how aspects of physics used in other sciences
as well as in everyday technology. (A)
• Cite some applications of Physics in everyday life. (A)
• Demonstrate application of Physics in everyday life. (T)
• Recognize the importance of Physics. (M)
 How will you carry object?

Center of Mass and Balance

When carrying a load, it's easier to
balance it if you keep the center of
mass over your feet. This is why it's
recommended to hold heavy items
close to your body rather than away
from it.
 • Next, think about the most exciting
technologies that you heard about in
• Think about all of technological the news.
devices you use on a regular basis.

Invisibly cloaks that

bend light around them

All of these groundbreaking advancements rely on the

principles of physics.
• Physics is a branch of science.
• The word science comes from a Latin word that means
having knowledge and refers to the knowledge of how
the physical world operates based on objective evidence
determine through observation and experimentation.
• A key requirement of any scientific explanation of a
natural phenomenon is that it must be testable;
• One must be able to devise and conduct an experimental
investigation that either supports or refutes the
explanation.
• It is important to note that some questions fall
outside the realm of science precisely because
they deal with phenomena that are not
scientifically testable.

• This need for objective evidence helps

define the investigative process scientists
follow, which will be described later in this
chapter.
• The word Physics is thought to come from the Greek word phusis, meaning
nature. It is the most fundamental of the science, concerning itself with
energy, matter, space, time, and their interactions..
• Example “smartphones”.
• Physics describes how electric current interacts with
the various circuits inside the device. This knowledge
helps engineers select the appropriate materials and
circuit layout when building the smart phone.
• Example “GPS”
• Physics describes the relationship between the speed
of an object, the distance over which it travels, and
the time it takes to travel that distance.
CLASSICAL PHYSICS MODERN PHYSICS
• Refers to the traditional forces that • Refers to the concepts in
were recognized and developed before physics that have surfaced since
the beginning of the 20th century. the beginning of the 20th
• Mechanics, acoustics, optics, century.
thermodynamics, • Atomic and nuclear physics,
electromagnetisms quantum physics, relativity,
etc.
 MECHANICS
• Mechanics is the branch of physics that concerns the effect of
force on bodies.
• It is classified into two branches, i.e., statics and dynamics.
• Dynamics is the branch of mechanics that deals with
the analysis of physical bodies in motion, and statics
deals with objects at rest or moving with constant
velocity.
• This means that dynamics implies change and statics
implies changelessness, where change in both cases
is associated with acceleration.
 MECHANICS
• Ancient people also studied statics and
dynamics, which focus on how objects start
moving, stop moving, and change speed
and direction in response to forces that
push or pull on the objects.
• This early interest in kinematics and
dynamics allowed humans to invent simple
machines, such as the lever, the pulley, the
ramp, and the wheel.
 ACOUSTIC & OPTICS
• Acoustics is the study of sound, and
optics is the study of light.
• In 1608, the invention of the telescope by
a German spectacle maker, Hans
Lippershey, led to huge breakthroughs in
astronomy—the study of objects or
phenomena in space.
 ACOUSTIC & OPTICS
• In 1609, Galileo Galilei began the first
studies of the solar system and the
universe using a telescope.
• During the Renaissance era, Isaac Newton
used observations made by Galileo to
construct his three laws of motion. These
laws were the standard for studying
kinematics and dynamics even today.
 THERMODYNAMICS
• The study of thermal energy and the transfer of heat.
• James Prescott Joule, an English physicist, studied the nature
of heat and its relationship to work.
• Joule’s work helped lay the foundation for the first of three
laws of thermodynamics that describe how energy in our
universe is transferred from one object to another or
transformed from one form to another.
• Studies in thermodynamics were motivated by the need to
make engines more efficient, keep people safe from the
elements, and preserve food
 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
• Electricity involves the study of electric charges and their
movements.
• Magnetism had long ago been noticed as an attractive force between
a magnetized object and a metal like iron, or between the opposite
poles (North and South) of two magnetized objects.
• In 1820, Danish physicist Hans
Christian Oersted showed that
electric currents create magnetic
fields.
 ELECTRICITY AND
MAGNETISM
• In 1831, English inventor Michael Faraday
showed that moving a wire through a
magnetic field could induce an electric
current. These studies led to the inventions
of the electric motor and electric generator,
which revolutionized human life by bringing
electricity and magnetism into our
machines.
 NUCLEAR PHYSICS
• Nuclear physics involves studying the nuclei of atoms,
the source of nuclear radiation.
• The end of the 19th century saw the discovery of
radioactive substances by the French scientists Marie
and Pierre Curie.
• In the 20th century, the study of nuclear physics
eventually led to the ability to split the nucleus of an
atom, a process called nuclear fission. This process is
the basis for nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons.
 QUANTUM MECHANICS
• This field, which involves the mechanics of
atoms and molecules, saw great strides
during the 20th century as our understanding
of atoms and subatomic particles increased.
 RELATIVITY
• Early in the 20th century, Albert Einstein revolutionized several branches of
physics, especially relativity.
• Relativity revolutionized our understanding of motion and the universe in
general. This branch of physics deals with the theorem that was
formulated by Albert Einstein. The theory of relativity states that space
and time are relative and all the motion must be relative to a frame of
reference.
• Now, in the 21st century, physicists continue to study these and many other
branches of physics
• By studying the most important topics in physics, you will gain analytical
abilities that will enable you to apply physics far beyond the scope of what
can be included in a single book. These analytical skills will help you to excel
academically, and they will also help you to think critically in any career you
choose to pursue
Physics is the foundation of every science
(astronomy, biology, chemistry…).

Many pieces of technology and/or

medical equipment and procedures are
developed with the help of physicists.

Studying physics will help you develop

good thinking skills, problem solving
skills, and give you the background
needed to differentiate between science
and pseudoscience.