HOLY TRINITY COLLEGE

General Santos City

School of Basic Education
9

INTRODUCTION

COMPUTER PERIPHERALS
 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER PERIPHERALS
Information Sheet 1.1

Learning Objective/s:

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

a. Define various computer peripherals based on their physical appearance.

b. Identify various computer peripherals based on their physical appearance.

Understanding computer peripherals is crucial for anyone involved in Computer

System Servicing. These peripherals, including input, output, storage, network devices,
and specialized devices are critical for the effective operation and enhancement of
computer systems. Mastery of identifying and defining these peripherals based on their
physical appearance not only builds foundational technical skills but also prepares
students for practical tasks such as installation, configuration, and troubleshooting. By
recognizing and defining these peripherals based on their physical appearance, students
build foundational technical skills that are vital for tasks such as installation,
configuration, and troubleshooting. This knowledge not only ensures smooth and
efficient computer operations but also prepares students for future roles in the IT
industry, where they will be responsible for maintaining and supporting various
computer systems.
TYPES OF COMPUTER PERIPHERALS
Computer peripherals are external devices that connect to a computer to add
functionality or enhance its capabilities. These devices can be broadly categorized into
several types based on their functions.

SPECIALIZED NETWORK

INPUT Process OUTPUT Save/Send

STORAGE

1. Input Devices
These peripherals allow users to input data and commands into the computer.
2. Output Devices
These devices receive data from the computer and present it to the user in a readable
or perceivable form.
3. Storage Devices
These peripherals are used to store data permanently or temporarily.
4. Network Devices
These devices enable computers to connect and communicate with other computers
and networks.
5. Specialized Devices
These devices are designed to perform specific tasks that require both data input and
output capabilities.
INPUT DEVICES
a. Keyboard

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A keyboard is a peripheral device characterized by a flat, rectangular layout with an

array of keys.
Parts of Keyboard
1. Keycaps
The visible part of the keyboard that users press. Each keycap is labeled with a
character or symbol and sits on top of a switch.
2. Keyboard Case
The outer shell that houses all the internal components of the keyboard, providing
structure and protection.
3. LED Indicators
Small lights that indicate the status of certain functions, such as Caps Lock, Num
Lock, and Scroll Lock.
4. Keyboard Feet
Adjustable stands on the underside of the keyboard that allow users to change the
typing angle for comfort.
5. PS/2 Cord
The PS/2 (Personal System/2) cord is a round, 6-pin connector used to connect
keyboards to a computer.
6. USB Cord
The USB (Universal Serial Bus) cord is a flat, rectangular connector used to connect
keyboards to a computer.
7. Wireless Adapter
A wireless receiver is a small device that plugs into a computer’s USB port to enable
wireless communication between the computer and a wireless keyboard.
b. Mouse

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 A mouse usually features a compact, ergonomic design that fits comfortably in the
user’s hand.
Parts of Mouse
1. Buttons
The primary interface of a mouse, typically including a left button, a right button,
and sometimes additional buttons for extra functions.
2. Scroll Wheel
Located between the buttons, it allows users to scroll through documents and web
pages. It can also be clicked to perform additional actions.
3. Optical/Laser Sensor
Located on the underside, this sensor detects the mouse’s movement relative to the
surface.
4. Mouse Body
The outer shell that houses all the internal components, designed for ergonomic
handling.
5. Feet
Small pads on the underside that help the mouse glide smoothly over surfaces.
6. PS/2 Cord
The PS/2 (Personal System/2) cord is a round, 6-pin connector used to connect mice
to a computer.
7. USB Cord
The USB (Universal Serial Bus) cord is a flat, rectangular connector used to connect
mice to a computer.
8. Wireless Adapter
A wireless receiver is a small device that plugs into a computer’s USB port to enable
wireless communication between the computer and a wireless mouse.
c. Microphone

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A microphone can vary in shape and size, but they typically feature a grille or mesh-
covered diaphragm that captures sound waves.
1. Grille/Mesh
The protective cover over the diaphragm that allows sound to pass through while
protecting the internal components.
2. Body
The outer casing that houses all the internal components, providing structure and
protection.
3. Condenser
The part of the microphone that contains the diaphragm and backplate, crucial for
capturing sound.
4. USB Cord
The USB (Universal Serial Bus) cord is a flat, rectangular connector used to connect
microphone to a computer.
5. Wireless Adapter
A wireless receiver is a small device that plugs into a computer’s USB port to enable
wireless communication between the computer and a wireless microphone.
d. Webcam

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Webcams are small, often cylindrical or rectangular devices that can be built into a
computer or attached externally.
1. Lens
The front-facing component that captures light and images.
2. Microphone
Often integrated into the webcam, it captures audio to accompany the video.
3. Light Indicator
A small LED that lights up when the webcam is active, indicating that it is recording
or streaming.
4. Body/Casing
The outer shell that houses all the internal components, providing protection and
structure.
5. Mounting Clip/Stand
A mechanism to attach the webcam to a monitor, laptop, or tripod.
6. USB Cord
The USB (Universal Serial Bus) cord is a flat, rectangular connector used to connect
webcam to a computer.
7. Wireless Adapter
A wireless receiver is a small device that plugs into a computer’s USB port to enable
wireless communication between the computer and a wireless webcam.
e. Scanner
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A scanner typically features a flatbed design with a glass surface where items are
placed for scanning.
Parts of Scanner
1. Glass Platen
The flat, transparent surface where documents or images are placed for scanning.
2. Lid/Cover
The cover that closes over the glass platen to keep the document in place and block
external light during scanning.
3. Control Panel
The interface with buttons and sometimes a small display screen, used to operate
the scanner and adjust settings.
4. Power Light Indicator
A light that indicates whether the scanner is powered on and ready for use.
5. Body/Casing
The outer shell that houses all the internal components, providing structure and
protection.
6. USB Cord
The USB (Universal Serial Bus) cord is a flat, rectangular connector used to connect
scanner to a computer.

OUTPUT DEVICES
a. Monitor

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 A monitor typically features a flat, rectangular screen housed within a bezel, and is
supported by a stand or mount.
Parts of Monitor
1. Screen/Display Panel
The flat surface where images and videos are displayed.
2. Bezel
The frame around the screen that provides structural support and protection.
3. Control Buttons
Buttons located on the front or side of the monitor used to adjust settings like
brightness, contrast, and input source.
4. Power Light Indicator
A small LED that indicates whether the monitor is powered on and active.
5. Stand/Base
The support structure that holds the monitor upright and may allow for height, tilt,
and swivel adjustments.
b. Headphone

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 Headphones are personal audio output devices that consist of two ear cups
connected by a headband.
Parts of Headphone
1. Headband
The adjustable band that holds the ear cups in place.
2. Control Buttons
Buttons for adjusting volume, and skipping tracks.
3. Ear Pads
Soft padding on the ear cups for comfort.
4. Ear Cups
The parts that cover the ears and contain the drivers.
5. Wireless Adapter
A wireless adapter is a device that allows headphones to connect to a computer or
other audio sources without the need for physical cables.
6. USB Cord
A USB (Universal Serial Bus) cord is a cable used to connect headphones to a
computer or other devices for audio transmission.
7. Auxiliary Cord
An auxiliary cord, often referred to as an aux cord, is a type of audio cable that
typically has a 3.5mm jack on both ends.
c. Speakers

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Speakers typically consist of a driver housed within an enclosure, with controls

for adjusting volume and other audio settings.
1. Grille
The protective cover over the driver that allows sound to pass through while
protecting the internal components.
2. Enclosure
The casing that houses the internal components and enhances sound quality.
3. Control Knobs/Buttons
Used to adjust volume, bass, and treble.
4. Auxiliary Cord
An auxiliary cord, often referred to as an aux cord, is a type of audio cable that
typically has a 3.5mm jack on both ends.
5. USB Cord
A USB cord is a cable used to connect speakers to a computer or other devices for
audio transmission or power.
6. Wireless Adapter
A wireless adapter is a device that allows speakers to connect to a computer or other
audio sources without the need for physical cables.
d. Printer

Printers typically features a paper tray, control panel, and output tray, with
various models offering different printing technologies such as inkjet, laser, or thermal
printing.
Parts of Printer
1. Paper Tray
The compartment where paper is loaded for printing.
2. Cartridge/Toner Access Door/ Ink Tank
The door that provides access to the ink or toner cartridges for replacement.
3. Power Button
The button used to turn the printer on and off.
4. Output Tray
The area where printed documents are collected.
STORAGE DEVICES
e. External Hard Drive

An external hard drive typically appears as a small, rectangular box, often slim and
lightweight for portability. It is encased in a durable plastic or metal shell, with a USB
connector for data transfer and sometimes an additional power port. The casing usually
features a power indicator light and may have branding or labels on the surface
f. USB Flash Drive

A USB flash drive is a compact, rectangular device, usually measuring 2-4 inches
long and about half an inch wide. It has a metal USB connector at one end, often
protected by a removable cap or retractable mechanism. The body is made of plastic,
metal, or rubber, and may include a small loop for attaching to keychains
g. Optical Disc

An optical disc is a flat, circular disc with a diameter of about 12 cm (4.7 inches).
It has a reflective, iridescent surface on one side, which contains the data, and a label
or printed design on the other side. The disc is typically made of polycarbonate plastic
and is about 1.2 mm thick

NETWORK DEVICES
a. Modem

A modem typically appears as a small, rectangular box with multiple antennas

protruding from the top or sides to enhance signal reception. It often features a series
of LED lights on the front to indicate power, internet connectivity, and data transfer
status. The back of the modem includes several ports, such as a coaxial cable port,
Ethernet ports, and a power connector. Additionally, modems provided by Internet
Service Providers (ISPs) often display the ISP’s brand name prominently on the casing.
b. Router

A router is generally a rectangular or square-shaped device, often with multiple

antennas protruding from the top or sides to enhance signal strength. It has a series of
LED lights on the front to show power, internet connection, and activity status.
c. Switch/Hub

A switch or hub is usually a rectangular box with multiple Ethernet ports on the
front or back for connecting various devices. It may have LED indicators for each port
to show connectivity and activity status. The device is typically compact and can be
mounted on a wall or placed on a desk.
d. USB Wi-Fi Dongle/Adapter

A USB Wi-Fi dongle or adapter is a small, compact device that plugs into a USB port
on a computer. It often resembles a USB flash drive, with a USB connector on one end
and a small plastic or metal casing. Some models have a small external antenna to
improve signal reception.

SPECIALIZED DEVICES
a. Touchscreen

A touchscreen is a flat, rectangular display that can detect touch input from a user.
It typically has a smooth glass surface that covers the entire front of the device. The
edges are often framed with a thin bezel, and the screen itself may have a glossy or matte
finish. Touchscreens are commonly found on devices like smartphones, tablets, and
interactive monitors
b. Headset

A headset consists of two ear cups connected by an adjustable headband. The ear
cups are usually padded for comfort and may be covered with leather, fabric, or foam.
Each ear cup houses a speaker and is often marked with “L” (left) and “R” (right)
indicators. The headset also includes a microphone, which can be either a boom mic
attached to one of the ear cups or an inline mic on the cable. The headband is typically
adjustable to fit different head sizes and may have additional padding for comfort