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Modeling_Simulation_Lecture12

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zarandluxurey
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© © All Rights Reserved
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11/19/2019

Ali M. Sahlodin
Department of Chemical Engineering
AmirKabir University of Technology
1397 S.H

 Introduction to hybrid dynamic process

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 2

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11/19/2019

Transition condition
IF (A==TRUE AND B==FALSE OR …)
x
Mode 5 A : gi (x k , y k , x k , p, t)  0
Mode 3

Mode 2 Discontinuity function


Mode 4
Mode 1
t1 t2 t3 t4 t

State event location  f (1) ( x (1) , p) if g ( x (1) , x (1) , p)  0


x   (2) (2)
State transition
 f ( x , p ) otherwise
•Mode k→ Mode k+1

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 3

 Vessel with a check valve


 Model one-way stream plus choked flow

Fin

h Model check valve


P1 P2
Model
choked flow

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 4

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11/19/2019

 Artificially decrease P2

Mode 1:
No flow

Mode 2:
Normal
flow

Mode 3:
Choked
flow

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 5

In each mode we have:


 A Set of variables

 A Set of equations

 A set of initialization conditions

 A set of transitions
 Transition conditions: determining when to move from
one mode to another
 Transition functions: determining how to move from
one mode to another

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 6

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11/19/2019

 Time event (controlled transition)


 The time of the event is known in advance and
does NOT depend on evolution of the dynamic
system
 x  2 t  3
x   2
 x  x t  3
 State event (autonomous transition)
 The time of the event is NOT known in advance
and depends on the evolution of the dynamic
system.
 x  2 x  3
x   2
 x  8 x  3
Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 7

 How the model may change from one mode to


another.
 Change in control input u
 t ),u1 (t ),p, t ) Mode 1
f1 (x(t ), x(
0
 t ),u 2 (t ),p, t ) Mode 2
f1 (x(t ), x(
 Change in equations’ structure
 t ),u(t ),p, t ) Mode 1
f1 (x(t ), x(
0
 t ),u(t ),p, t ) Mode 2
f 2 (x(t ), x(
 Change in model size (# of variables and equations)

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 8

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 The equilibrium relation exists only when


both phases are present.
 yi do not exist for liquid-only regime.
 xi do not exist for vapor-only regime.

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 9

Methods to locate the switching time

 First time event detected

 Using Step size control mechanism

 Discontinuity locking

Copyright © Ali M. Sahlodin, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, AmirKabir Univ. of Tech. 10

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