MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,

JAMSHORO
Department of Electronic Engineering
Electronic Workshop (ES-102)
24ES

Lab # 1: Power Supplies and Measuring Instruments

Name Roll #
Signature of Lab Tutor Date

OBJECTIVE(S)

# # Of Lectures CLO Taxonomy level

Topic
The purpose of this lab is to become familiar
1 with various types of Power Supplies and 3 1,4 P1, A2
Electrical Measuring Instruments.

OUTCOME(S)

a. An ability to apply knowledge of math, science, and PLO1: Engineering Knowledge:

engineering
b. An ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams PLO9: Individual and Team Work

RUBRICS:

Performance Metric Good (5-4) Average (3-2) Poor (1-0) Score

Apply Applies the appropriate Applies the relevant Fails to apply
Knowledge knowledge and concepts knowledge and concept relevant
to the problem with to the problem, possibly knowledge and
accuracy and in a roundabout way; concepts to the
proficiency; shows understands the major problem;
precise understanding points of the knowledge, misunderstands
of these knowledge and with possible or fails to recall
concepts. misunderstanding or critical points.
failure to recall minor
points;
Equipment Logically and carefully Able to select Does not
Selection and selects equipment to be equipment to be used understand the
Setup used for the experiment; for the experiment with connection
correctly setup the guidance; correctly between the
connection/wiring of the setup the equipment and
equipment connection/wiring of the
the equipment, with measurement
minor error to be used; or

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 did not know
how to setup
the
connection/
wiring
Equipment Operates equipment in Operates equipment in Does not know
Operation correct & careful fashion, correct & careful how to operate
selects optimum fashion, with guidance, equipment; has
range/setting for understand the no knowledge of
operation optimum range/setting measurement
for operation optimum
range/setting
for operation
Participation Plays actively the Plays own role Frequently
assigned role, takes on appropriately, and absent,
extra work to assist ineffective, and
blames
Teamwork Actively engages and Cooperates with other Distracts or
cooperates with other group members in a discourages
group members in an reasonable manner. other group
members from
effective manner.
conducting the
experiment.

Equipment: Power Supply units and Measuring Instruments in the Workshop

Theory:

Power Supplies:

A power supply unit is a source of either a Constant Current or Constant Voltage irrespective of the load
resistance. Power sources can be classified as either varying or non-varying, i-e AC (Alternating Current)
or DC (Direct current).

Figure 1.1: The AC Power Source

The sinusoidal waveform is the most popular, mostly because it is the waveform generated by
alternators. Consequently, it is the form that comes in our house mains. It has a magnitude of 220V and
a frequency of 60Hz, meaning that the voltage alternates polarity 60 times per second.

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The voltage that causes Direct Current is called DC Voltage. Unlike its AC counterpart, Direct Current
flows with the same polarity at all times. An example of a Voltage source would be that of a battery or
our home mains supply.

Figure 1.2: The Ideal DC Power Source

Symbols of some Current/Voltage Sources are:

Figure 1.3: Symbols of Power Sources

Measuring Instruments:

Measuring instruments allow us to get an estimate of some physical quantity. An instrument that can
measure Potential Difference (voltage) is known as a Voltmeter, one that measures current is known as
an Ampere Meter (Ammeter for short) and resistance is measured using an Ohmmeter. An instrument
which can measure all three quantities is known as a Multimeter or sometimes an AVO (Ampere-Volt-
Ohm) Meter. Traditionally all of the instruments consisted of a dial and a deflection pointer and thus
were called Analog instruments. While, Digital Instruments display readings on a Liquid Crystal Display
making them easier to read from as compared to analog
instruments which often consist of multiple and/or nonlinear
scales.

Voltmeters have high impedance and hence are connected

in parallel across the points between which potential
difference is to be measured. The reason that they have high impedance is that they do not steal away
any current from the measured circuit. Ammeters, on the
other hand exhibit a very small resistance, and hence are
connected in series,
to connect Voltmeters and Ammeters in a circuit.

Figure 1.4: Connecting a Voltmeter and an Ammeter in a circuit

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Multimeters usually have a selectable switch
which allows you to select the quantity that
you want to measure and the maximum value
called Range, of that quantity that you want
to measure as shown in the figure:

Figure 1.5: Multimeter Functions

Procedure:

1. Look for of Power Supply Units of any kind in the Workshop, like AC Current Source, AC Voltage
Source, DC Current Source, DC Voltage Source, and list them all in Table 1.1. Note down their
Type, Model, and the Range. Some of them have a digital Display; some of them might have a
scale with a pointing needle.
2. Look for various kinds of Measuring Instruments E.g. Voltmeter, Ammeter, Ohmmeter etc.,
available in the Workshop. Note down their Model No’s, Type and the Quantities which they can
measure and the range of measurement of each quantity in Table 1.2.
3. Take any voltage source, connect a Voltmeter to its output terminals and turn it ON. Select any
voltage from the voltage source, note down the selected value from its scale or display, against
the value that you measure, in Table 1.3. Is the value exactly the same as selected? Repeat the
same by selecting different magnitudes of voltage each time.
4. Finally, try measuring the mains AC Voltage. Take a Digital Multimeter (DMM), and set it to
measure AC voltage. Select the measurement range higher than 220 Volts, and insert the DMM
probes in anyone of the HALF POINTS in the Workshop.

Observations:

1. List few of the Power Supply Units available in the Workshop.

Table 1.1: Determining the ranges and types of power supplies

S. N.o
Model Type (Tick the Relevant Choice) Range

AC DC Voltage Current

1.

2.

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 3.

4.

5.

2. List few of the Measuring Instruments available in the Workshop.

Table 1.2: Determining the ranges and types of Measuring Instrument

S. N.o Type (Tick the Relevant Measurement

Model Choice)
Quantities Range

Analog Digital V AC I AC V DC I DC R Other

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

3. Fill in the following table for any of the Voltage Sources

Table 1.3: Determining the error in voltage output of a voltage source

S N.o Selected Voltage Observed Voltage Percent Error

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Activities:

1. Pick out a random resistor and set the multimeter to the 20kΩ setting
2. Set the multimeter to ‘Continuity’ mode. It may vary among DMMs, but look for a diode symbol
with propagation waves around it (like sound coming from a speaker).

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Note: Attach the Screenshots.

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