Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VI – Western Visayas
Division of Negros Occidental
NEGROS OCCIDENTAL HIGH SCHOOL
Mathematics Department
Mathematics 10
3 QUARTER – WEEK 2
rd
Learning Activity Sheet #2

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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 NEGROS OCCIDENTAL HIGH SCHOOL
MATHEMATICS 10
3rd QUARTER - WEEK 2
Learning Activity Sheet #2

I. LEARNING COMPETENCIES:

Illustrates the combination of objects M10SP-IIIc-1

Differentiates permutation from combination of 𝑛
objects taken 𝑟 at a time M10SP-IIIc-2
II. BACKGROUND

For this week, we will focus on illustrating combination

of objects and differentiating permutation from
combination of 𝑛 objects taken 𝑟 at a time.

Combination is the number of ways of selecting from a

set when the order is not important.

Example 1: You are to choose 4 of your classmates to

be your group mates. If you choose Aira, Belle, Charlie
and Dave, does it make any difference if you choose
instead Charlie, Aira, Dave and Belle? Why or why
not? How many ways can you choose Aira, Belle,
Charlie and Dave as your groupmates?

Answer: There is no difference between choosing Aira,

Belle, Charlie and Dave or choosing Charlie, Aira,
Dave and Belle or choosing Dave, Charlie, Belle and
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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
Aira because the list refers to the same people. Each
selection that you could possibly made is called a
combination. The combination can be
Aira-Belle-Dave-Charlie or Belle-Dave-Charlie- Aira or
Dave-Aira-Belle-Charlie and so on but they refer to the
same combination. One combination can be made
from the four people. Hence, there is only 1 way to
choose Aira, Belle, Charlie and Dave as your
groupmates. In this case, we have a combination of 4
taken 4, or a combination of 4 taken all.

The number of combinations of 𝑛 objects taken 𝑛 is

given by
This is read as “Combination of 𝑛 taken
𝑛 equals 1”.
𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑛) = 1 Note: 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑛) is always 1.

Example 2: What is 𝐶 (4, 4)? This is read as “Combination of 4 taken

4 equals 1”
Answer: 1

Example 3: What is 𝐶 (10, 10)? This is read as “Combination of 10 taken

10 equals 1”
Answer: 1

Example 4: You are to form different triangles out of 4

points plotted, say, A, B, C and D of which no 3 points
are collinear. How many different triangles can be
formed?

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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 No 3 points are collinear means no three
points lie on the same line.

counted as counted as counted as

1 triangle 1 triangle 1 triangle

Answer: There are 24 possibilities. However, in

Geometry, a triangle can be named using three
vertices in any order. We can see that all triangles in
the same column are identical. For example, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 is
just the same as ∆𝐴𝐶𝐵, ∆𝐵𝐶𝐴, ∆𝐵𝐴𝐶, ∆𝐶𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∆𝐶𝐵𝐴.
Therefore, 4 different triangles can be formed from 4
points of which 3 are non-collinear. In this situation, we
have a combination of 4 points taken 3 at a time.
The number of combinations of 𝑛 objects taken 𝑟 at a
time is given by
𝑛!
𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = , 𝑛≥𝑟≥0
( )
𝑟! 𝑛 − 𝑟 !
Example 5: What is 𝐶 (4, 3)?
𝑛!
𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = , 𝑛≥𝑟≥0
( )
𝑟! 𝑛 − 𝑟 !
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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 4!
𝐶 (4, 3) = 3!(4−3)! 4! is 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
3! is 3 x 2 x 1
4∙3∙2∙1 eliminate the common factors 3, 2
𝐶 (4, 3) = 3∙2∙1∙(1)! and 1 in the numerator and in the
denominator
4
𝐶 (4, 3) = 1 1! is 1
4 divided by 1 is 4
𝐶 (4, 3) = 4

Example 6: In how many ways can a committee

consisting of 4 members be formed from 8 people?
Answer: To form a committee, order is NOT important.
Therefore, this is a COMBINATION problem.

𝑛!
𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = , 𝑛≥𝑟≥0
𝑟! (𝑛 − 𝑟)!
8!
𝐶 (8, 4) = 4!(8 − 4)!
𝑛=8
8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝐶 (8, 4) = 𝑟=4
4∙3∙2∙1∙(4)!
8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝐶 (8, 4) = 4∙3∙2∙1∙(4∙3∙2∙1)!
1,680
𝐶 (8, 4) = 24
𝐶 (8, 4) = 70 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠
Example 7: How many polygons can be possibly
formed from 6 distinct points on a plane, no three points
of which are collinear?
Answer: Out of 6 distinct points, a triangle (3-sided
polygon) can be formed in 𝐶(6, 3) ways; a quadrilateral
(4-sided) can be formed in 𝐶(6, 4) ways; a pentagon (5-
4
Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 sided) can be formed in 𝐶(6, 5) ways; and a hexagon
(6-sided) can be formed in 𝐶(6, 6) ways. From six
distinct points on a plane, triangles or quadrilaterals or
pentagons or hexagons can be formed. Thus, the
number of polygons that can be formed is
𝐶 (6,3) + 𝐶 (6,4) + 𝐶 (6,5) + 𝐶 (6,6)
6! 6! 6! 6!
= + + +
3! (6 − 3)! 4! (6 − 4)! 5! (6 − 5)! 6! (6 − 6)!
= 20 + 15 + 6 + 1
= 42 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑠
Differences between permutation and combination
of n objects taken r at a time
Permutation Combination
Definition A selection of objects in which The number of possible
the order of the objects matters. combinations of 𝑟 objects from
Permutation is used for lists a set of 𝑛 objects. Combination
(order matters). is for groups (order doesn’t
matter).
Formula
given 𝑛 𝑃(𝑛, 𝑛) = 𝑛! 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑛) = 1
taken 𝑛
Formula
𝑛! 𝑛!
given 𝑛 𝑃(𝑛, 𝑟 ) = , 𝑛 ≥ 𝑟. 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = , 𝑛≥𝑟≥0
(𝑛 − 𝑟 )! 𝑟! (𝑛 − 𝑟)!
taken 𝑟 at
a time
Examples 1. A, B, C is different 1. A, B, C is the same
from B, C, A and also as B, C, A and also
different from C, A, B. the same as C, A, B.

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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 2. Selecting a 2. Selecting 3 officers
President, Vice from the Math Club
President and a members because
Secretary from the Math there is no mention of
Club members because rank or order of the
the positions are officers for selection
different from each
other and requires rank
and order
3. Forming different 3. Forming line
rays from 6 given points segments from 6
with no three of which given points with no
are collinear (e.g. three of which are
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 collinear
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ̅̅̅̅ 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑎𝑠 ̅̅̅̅
(𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐴)
𝐵𝐴 )
4. Giving Gold, Silver 4. Giving consolation
and Bronze medals to prizes to contestants
the contestants
5. Listing your 3 favorite 5. Choosing 3
desserts, in order, from desserts from a menu
a menu of 10 of 10

III. REFERENCES AND RESOURCES

Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module Unit 3
Mathematics 10 Teacher’s Guide Unit 3
https://towardsdatascience.com/difference-between-
permutation-and-combination-9e12b6763ee1
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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 https://betterexplained.com/articles/easy-permutations-
and-combinations/

IV. ACTIVITY
PRACTICE EXERCISES
(For Study and Review Purposes. DO NOT SUBMIT THE ANSWERS. Answer key is
provided on page 11).

Answer the following:

1. What is 𝐶(6, 6) ?
2. What is 𝑃(6, 6) ?
3. What is 𝐶(6, 3) ?
4. What is 𝑃(6, 3) ?
5. How many different triangles can you form from 5
different points plotted on a plane of which no 3
are on the same line?
6. In how many ways can you choose 4 fruits from a
basket of 5 different fruits to put in your salad?
7. Choosing 5 questions to answer out of 10
questions in a test. Does this involve
PERMUTATION or COMBINATION?
8. Opening a combination lock to open a safe. Does
this involve PERMUTATION or COMBINATION?

V. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY (For Study and Review Purposes. DO NOT

SUBMIT THE ANSWERS. Answer key is provided on page 11.)

Select the letter of the best answer among the choices.

1. Which of the following refers to the number of ways of
selecting from a set when the order is not important?
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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 A. Factorial C. Combination
B. Combinatorics D. Permutation
2. There are 6 posters labeled as Poster A, Poster B, Poster
C and so on. If 3 posters are chosen to be hanged on the
wall in no particular order, which statement is TRUE about
the situation?
A. There are 6 ways of hanging the 3 posters
B. There are 20 ways of hanging the 3 posters
C. There are 120 ways of hanging the 3 posters
D. There are 720 ways of hanging the 3 posters
3. What is 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑛) equal to?
A. 𝑛 B. 𝑛! C. 0 D. 1
4. Which is the formula of the combination of 𝑛 objects taken
𝑟 at time?
𝑛!
A. 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = 𝑛! C. 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = (𝑛 − 𝑟 ) !
𝑛!
B. 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = 1 D. 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟) = 𝑟! (𝑛 – 𝑟)!

For numbers 5 to 8: How many different quadrilaterals can

you form from 5 different points of which no 3 points are on
the same line?
5. What is the value of 𝑛?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 120
6. What is the value of 𝑟?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 10
7. What is being asked?
A. 𝐶(5, 3) B. 𝐶(5, 4) C. 𝐶(3, 5) D. 𝐶(4, 5)
8. How many different quadrilaterals can you form from 5
different points of which no 3 are on the same line?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 60 D. 120
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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 9. A dress-shop owner has 8 new dresses that she wants to
display in the window. If the display window has 5
mannequins, which of the following is used to determine
the number of ways she can dress them up?
8! 8!
A. 𝐶 (8, 5) = (8 − 5)! C. 𝐶 (8, 5) = 8! (8 − 5)!
5! 8!
B. 𝐶 (5, 8) = (5 − 8)! D. 𝐶 (8, 5) = 5! (8 − 5)!

10. Which of the following activities DOES NOT involve

permutation?
A. Selecting the Mayor, Vice Mayor, Secretary and
Treasurer of your class
B. Assigning the position of the basketball team of your
school (example: point guard, shooting guard, center,
power forward, small forward)
C. Answering questions in a 20-item summative test in
Math
D. Accessing your Personal Identification Number (PIN) to
withdraw money from an ATM
11. What is 𝐶(8, 8) equal to?
A. 1 B. 8 C. 64 D. 40,320
12. What is 𝑃(8, 8) equal to?
A. 1 B. 8 C. 64 D. 40,320
13. What is 𝐶(7, 3) equal to?
A. 10 B. 21 C. 35 D. 210
14. What is 𝑃(7, 3) equal to?
A. 10 B. 21 C. 35 D. 210

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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
15. Which is TRUE about the task of choosing two unrelated
household chores before dinner?
A. The task involves combination
B. The task takes order into account
C. The task involves permutation
D. The task neither involves combination nor permutation
16. Given 𝐶 (𝑛, 4) = 15, what is the value of 𝑛 ?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
17. If the problem is How many different sets of 5 cards each
can be formed from a standard deck of card? , what can
be said about the problem?
A. It involves combination.
B. It involves permutation.
C. It involves both combination and permutation.
D. It neither involves combination nor permutation.
18. Which of the following is the difference between
combination and permutation?
A. Order matters in combination while order does not
matter in permutation
B. Order matters in permutation while order does not
matter in combination
C. The permutation of 𝑛 objects taken all is 1 while the
combination of 𝑛 object taken all is 𝑛!
D. If there are 𝑛 objects, the number of combinations is
always greater than the number of permutations when
𝑛 taken 𝑛.
19. The school doctor ordered you to take vitamin
supplements because you are undernourished. Since
there were no multivitamin tablets available, she gave you

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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021
 4 vitamin-tablets in separate forms: Vitamin A, B, C and
D. In how many ways can you take the vitamins?
A. 1 way because order does not matter in taking the
vitamins
B. 4 ways, by taking Vitamin A, then Vitamin B, then
Vitamin C and then Vitamin D
C. 24 ways because order matters in taking vitamins
D. Infinite number of ways because there are a lot of
combinations of taking the vitamins
20. Given 𝐶 (7, 𝑟) = 35, John said 𝑟 = 3 while Joe insisted that
𝑟 = 4. Who is correct?
A. John only C. John and Joe
B. Joe only D. Neither John nor Joe

VI. ANSWER KEY

PRACTICE EXERCISES
1. 1 6. 5 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠
2. 720 7. 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
3. 20 8. 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
4. 120
5. 10 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
1. C 6. B 11. A 16. C
2. B 7. B 12. D 17. A
3. D 8. A 13. C 18. B
4. D 9. D 14. D 19. A
5. C 10. C 15. A 20. C

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Prepared by: ROEL NICHOLAS G. FUENTES, T-III, NOHS
Validated by: PONCIANO V. CARPIO IV, MT-I, NOHS 3/2021