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CRISPR

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7 views2 pages

CRISPR

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stavya.agg
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CRISPR

CRISPR (/ˈkrɪspər/) (an acronym for clustered regularly


interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a family
of DNA sequences found in
the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such
as bacteria and archaea.
Cas9 (or "CRISPR-associated protein 9") is
an enzyme that uses CRISPR sequences as a guide to
recognize and cleave specific strands of DNA that are
complementary to the CRISPR sequence.
The discovery of clustered DNA repeats took place
independently in three parts of the world. The first
description of what would later be called CRISPR is
from Osaka University researcher Yoshizumi Ishino and
his colleagues in 1987.
How does it work?
CRISPR “spacer” sequences are transcribed into short RNA
sequences (“CRISPR RNAs” or “crRNAs”) capable of guiding
the system to matching sequences of DNA. When the target
DNA is found, Cas9 – one of the enzymes produced by the
CRISPR system – binds to the DNA and cuts it, shutting the
targeted gene off.

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