PC 412 – PROFESSIONAL

COURSE 2
(STEEL DESIGN)

SUBMITTED BY:
RHODEN V. SAPICO
BSCE – 4A

SUBMITTED BY:
ENGR. GILDA D. BORBON
PROFESSOR
 PC 412 – PROFESSIONAL
COURSE 2
(STEEL DESIGN)

STRUCTURAL DESIGN
ANALYSIS

SUBMITTED BY:
RHODEN V. SAPICO
BSCE – 4A

SUBMITTED BY:
ENGR. GILDA D. BORBON
PROFESSOR
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN ANALYSIS
DESIGN OF TRUSS
A.) DESIGN OF TOP CHORD (COMPRESSION MEMBER)
DATA:
MAXIMUM AXIAL FORCE MEMBER (AH) = 114.39 kN or 114390 N
WEIGHT OF PURLIN = 8.00 kg/m or 0.07848 kN/m
LENGTH OF MEMBER = 1.53 m
PURLIN LOAD = (0.07848 kN/m) (1.50 m) = 0.11772 kN

Using A36 Steel:

Fy = 248 MPa
Fu = 400 MPa

(Assume member is fixed end):

fa
k = 0.65; Cm = 1 – 0.20 ( )
Fc '

SOLUTION:
Using interaction formula: Approx. A = 2196.43 mm2
fa fb fb M PL
+ ≤ 1.0 = 0.5; fb = ;M=
Fa Fb Fb Sx 8
fa fb
Assume: = 0.5; = 0.5
Fa Fb Assume: Fb = 0.66Fy (compact
Let: section)
kL Fb = 0.66(248 MPa) = 163.68 MPa
= 0 (assume as intermediate
r fb = 163.68 MPa (0.5) = 81.84
member) MPa
Fa = ¿ (117.72 N )(1530 mm)
where: Sx = N = 275.10
8(81.84 2
)
1000 N mm
P 114.39 kN ( )
A= = 1 kN mm 3
fa 2
52.08 N /m m

( )
kL
Fs = 5 3 r 1 (Try section L89×89×6.4)
+ − ¿
3 8 Cc 8
5 3 1
Fs = + ( 0 )− ¿
3 8 8
5
Fs =
3
Fa = ¿
Fa = 148.80 MPa

Assume: (60% - 80% of Fa)

say 70%, so
Fa = 70%(148.80 MPa)
Fa = 104.16 MPa
 fa P
=0.5 ; fa =
Fa A
fa = 104.16 MPa (0.5) = 52.08 MPa

(Try section L89x89x6.4)

Properties:
9.81 N
wt. = 8.55 kg/m ( ) = 83.88 N/m
1 kg
A = 1090 mm2 rx = 27.7 mm
d = 89 mm ry = 27.7 mm
bf = 89 mm Sx = 13×103 mm3
tf = 6.4 mm Sy = 13×103 mm3

¿ = 35.90

¿ = 17.95

Cc =
√ 2 Π2 E =
Fy
√ 2 Π 2 ¿ ¿ ¿ = 126.17

kL Lb > Lc and Lb < Lu ; use, Fb

Since = 35.90 < Cc = 126.17,
r = 0.60Fy
Intermediate member: Fbx = 0.60 (248 MPa) = 148.80
MPa

( )
kL
Fs = 5 3 r 1 PL (117.72 N )(1530 mm)
+ − ¿ Mx = =
3 8 Cc 8 8 8
=22513.95 N-mm
Fs = (
5 3 35.90
+
1
− ¿
3 8 126.17 8 ) Mx 22513.95
fbx = = 3 = 1.73 MPa
Fs = 1.77 Sx 13 ×1 0

Fa = ¿ = ¿ Magnification factor:

Fa = 134.44 MPa Cm
( ) f
f a ; [Cm = 1-0.20 ( a )]
P 114390 N 1− Fc'

fa = = 2 Fc'
A 2196.43 mm
2 2
fa = 52.08 MPa 12 Π E 12 Π (200,000 MPa)
Fc’ = =
23 ¿ ¿ 23 ¿ ¿
solve for Fbx :
Fc’ = 799.09 MPa
Lb = 1.53 (1000 mm) = 1530 mm
52.08
Cm = 1-0.20 ( ) = 0.99
200 b f 200(88.9) 799.09
Lc = = = 1129.03
√ Fy √ 248 0.99
mm
52.08 = 1.06 > 1.0
(1− )
137900 137900 799.09
Lu = Fyd = (248)(88.9) =
bf t f (88.9)(6.4)
3558.71 mm
 Cm
( )
Use fa
1−
Fc '

Interaction formula:

C m (fbx)
fa
[
Fa
+
( f
1− a Fbx
Fc x '
]
)
0.99(1.73 MPa)
52.08 MPa
134.44 MPa
+
1− (
52.08
799.09 )
(148.80 MPa)

= 0.40 < 1.0 (safe)

 Use section
L89×89×6.4 for TOP
CHORD MEMBER
 B.) DESIGN OF DIAGONAL MEMBER (COMPRESSION MEMBER)

DATA:
MAXIMUM AXIAL FORCE MEMBER (GL) = 34.02 kN
LENGTH OF MEMBER = 2.06 m

Using A36 Steel:

Fy = 248 MPa
Es = 200,000 MPa

(Assume member is fixed end):

k = 0.65

SOLUTION:
Let:
kL kL 0.65 (2060 mm)
= 0 (assume as intermediate ( )= = 99.19
r r 13.50 mm

√
member) 2 Π2 E =
Fa = ¿ Cc =
Fy
√ 2 Π 2 ¿ ¿ ¿ = 126.17
where: kL
Since = 99.19 < Cc = 126.17,

( )
kL r
Fs = 5 3 r 1
+ − ¿ Intermediate member:
3 8 Cc 8

( )
5 3 1 kL
Fs = + ( 0 )− ¿
3 8 8 Fs = 5 3 r 1
+ − ¿
5 3 8 Cc 8
Fs =
3
Fa = ¿ d = 45 mm ry = 13.50 mm
Fa = 148.8 MPa bf = 45 mm Sy = 2.44 x 103
mm3
tf = 5 mm Sx = 2.44 x 103
Assume: (60% - 80% of Fa) mm3
say 70%, so
fa = 70%(148.8 MPa)
fa = 104.16 MPa
Fs = (
5 3 99.19
+ )
1
− ¿
3 8 126.17 8
fa P Fs = 1.90
=0.5 ; fa =
Fa A
1000 N
P 34.02 kN ( )
A= = 1 kN Fa = ¿ = ¿
fa 2
104.16 N /mm
Fa = 90.19 MPa
Approx. A = 326.61 mm2

(Try section L45×45×5)

P
Properties: fa = ; P = fa(A)
A
9.81 N
wt. = 3.39 kg/m ( ) = 33.26
1 kg P = 90.19 N/mm2 (430 mm2)
N/m
P = 38781.7 N or 38.78 kN
A = 430 mm2 rx = 13.50
mm
P = 38.78 kN > P = 34.02 kN  Use section
(ok) (safe) L45×45×5 for
DIAGONAL MEMBER
 C.) DESIGN OF BOTTOM MEMBER (TENSION MEMBER)
DATA:
MAXIMUM TENSILE FORCE MEMBER (AB) = 128.80 kN
LENGTH OF MEMBER = 1.50 m

Using A36 Steel:

Fy = 248 MPa
Fu = 400 MPa

(Using single angle, 12 mm bolt

and 10 mm thick gusset plate)

SOLUTION:
Trial Ag:
128800 N
T
Min. Ag = = N
0.66 Fy 0.66(248 2
)
mm
Min. Ag = 786.90 mm2
L 1500 mm Check Tensile Capacity (T):
rmin = = = 5 mm
300 300
1.) Based on Gross Area (Ag)
(Try section L70×70×7) T = 0.60FyAg
Properties:
T = 0.60 (248 N/mm2)(941 mm2)
9.81 N
wt. = 7.39 kg/m ( ) = 72.20 N/m T = 154022.88 N or 154.02 kN
1 kg
 T = 154.02 kN > T = 128.80 kN
(ok) (safe)
A = 941 mm2 rx = 21.2 mm
d = 70 mm ry = 21.2 mm 2.) Based on Net Area (An)
bf = 70 mm Sx = 8.43×103 mm3 T = 0.50FuAe
T = 0.50 (400 N/mm2)(711.9 mm2)
tf = 7 mm Sy = 8.43×103 mm3
T = 142380 N or 142.38 kN
 T = 142.38 kN > T = 128.80 kN
(ok) (safe)
bf 70 mm
= = 1.0 > 2/3, use U = 0.90
d 70 mm
Ae = UAn = 0.90 (791 mm2)
Ae = 711.9 mm2

 Use section
where: L70×70×7 for
An = Ag – BHA = 941 mm2 – 150 mm2 BOTTOM MEMBER

An = 791 mm2
BHA= BHD(t) = 15 mm (10mm)
BHA = 150 mm2
BHD = 12 mm + 3 mm
BHD = 15 mm

D.) DESIGN OF VERTICAL MEMBER (TENSION MEMBER)

DATA:
MAXIMUM TENSILE FORCE MEMBER (FL) = 18.80 kN
LENGTH OF MEMBER = 1.42 m

Using A36 Steel:

Fy = 248 MPa
Fu = 400 MPa

(Use single angle, 12 mm rivet and 10 mm thick gusset

plate)

SOLUTION:
Trial Ag:
18800 N
T
Min. Ag = = N
0.66 Fy 0.66(248 2
)
mm
Min. Ag = 114.86 mm2
L 1420 mm Check Tensile Capacity (T):
rmin = = = 4.73 mm
300 300
3.) Based on Gross Area (Ag)
(Try section L30×30×5) T = 0.60FyAg
Properties:
T = 0.60 (248 N/mm2)(278 mm2)
9.81 N
wt. = 2.18 kg/m ( ) = 21.29 N/m T = 45503.04 N or 45.503 kN
1 kg
 T = 45.503 kN > T = 18.80 kN (ok)
(safe)
A = 278 mm2 rx = 8.8 mm
d = 30 mm ry = 8.8 mm 4.) Based on Net Area (An)
bf = 30 mm Sx = 1.04×103 mm3 T = 0.50FuAe
T = 0.50 (400 N/mm2)(115.2 mm2)
tf = 5 mm Sy = 1.04×10 mm3 3
T = 23040 N or 23.04 kN
 T = 23.04 kN > T = 18.80 kN (ok)
bf 30 mm (safe)
= = 1.0 > 2/3, use U = 0.90
d 30 mm
Ae = UAn = 0.90 (128 mm2)
Ae = 115.2 mm2
 Use section
L30×30×5 for
where: VERTICAL MEMBER
An = Ag – BHA = 278 mm2 – 150 mm2
An = 128 mm2
BHA= BHD(t) = 15 mm (10mm)
BHA = 150 mm2
BHD = 12 mm + 3 mm
BHD = 15 mm
 ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL LOADS
FRAME 1

For W1:
DEAD LOADS:
Mechanical and Electrical Duct Solution:
Allowance = 0.20 kPa DL = (0.20 + 0.05 + 0.05+0.10)
Roofing (Copper or Tin) = 0.05 kPa 6.50
kN/m2 ( )m + 0.07848 kN/m (9)
2
Acoustical Fiber Board = 0.05 kPa
+ 0.08388 kN/m + 0.0722 kN/m +
Suspended Steel Channel System
6 (0.02129 kN/m)+ 5 (0.03326
= 0.10 kPa
kN/m)
Purlins (C100×8) = 0.07848 kN/m
(9)
DL = 2.46 kN/m
Top Chord (L89×89×6.4) =
0.08388 kN/m
6.50
Bottom Chord (L70×70×7) = LL = (0.75 kN/m2)( )m
2
0.0722 kN/m LL = 2.44 kN/m
Vertical Members (L30×30×5) =
6 (0.02129 kN/m) W1 = DL + LL
Diagonal Members (L45×45×5) = = (2.46 + 2.44) kN/m
5 (0.03326 kN/m) W1 = 4.90 kN/m

LIVE LOADS:
Minimum Roof Live Loads = 0.75
kPa
 For W3:
DEAD LOADS:
For W2: Mechanical and Electrical Duct
Allowance = 0.20 kPa
DEAD LOADS:
Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10
Mechanical and Electrical Duct
kPa
Allowance = 0.20 kPa
Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on
Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10
13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa
kPa
Hardwood Flooring, 22mm = 0.24
Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on
kPa
13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa
LIVE LOADS:
LIVE LOADS:
Residential (Basic Floor Area) =
Stack Rooms = 7.2 kPa
1.90 kPa
Reading Rooms = 2.90 kPa
Corridor above ground floor =
Corridor above Ground Floor = 3.80
3.80 kPa
kPa
Office Use = 2.40 kPa
OTHER LOADS:
Dining Rooms and Restaurants =
wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
4.80 kPa
= 4.708 kPa
OTHER LOADS:
Solution:
wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + 4.708)
= 4.708 kPa
6.50
kN/m2 ( )m
2
Solution:
DL = 22.0285 kN/m
DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + 4.708
6.50
6.50 + 0.24) kN/m2 ( )m
LL = (1.90 + 3.80) kN/m2 ( )m 2
2
DL = 22.8085 kN/m
LL = 18.525 kN/m

LL = (7.20 + 2.90 + 3.80 + 2.40 +

W2 = DL + LL
6.50
= (22.0285 + 18.525) kN/m 4.80) kN/m2 ( )m
2
W2 = 40.55 kN/m
LL = 68.575 kN/m

W2 = DL + LL
= (22.8085 + 68.575) kN/m
W2 = 91.3835 kN/m
FRAME 2

For W1:
DEAD LOADS: Solution:
Mechanical and Electrical Duct DL = (0.20 + 0.05 + 0.05+0.10)
Allowance = 0.20 kPa kN/m2 (6.50) m + 0.07848 kN/m (9)
Roofing (Copper or Tin) = 0.05 kPa + 0.08388 kN/m + 0.0722 kN/m +
Acoustical Fiber Board = 0.05 kPa 6 (0.02129 kN/m) + 5 (0.03326
Suspended Steel Channel System kN/m)
= 0.10 kPa
Purlins (C100×8) = 0.07848 kN/m DL = 3.76 kN/m
(9)
Top Chord (L89×89×6.4) = LL = (0.75 kN/m2)(6.50 )m
0.08388 kN/m LL = 4.875 kN/m
Bottom Chord (L70×70×7) =
0.0722 kN/m W1 = DL + LL
Vertical Members (L30×30×5) = = (3.76 + 4.875) kN/m
6 (0.02129 kN/m) W1 = 8.635 kN/m
Diagonal Members (L45×45×5) =
5 (0.03326 kN/m)

LIVE LOADS:
Minimum Roof Live Loads = 0.75
kPa
 For W3:
For W2: DEAD LOADS:
DEAD LOADS: Mechanical and Electrical Duct
Mechanical and Electrical Duct Allowance = 0.20 kPa
Allowance = 0.20 kPa Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10
Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10 kPa
kPa Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on
Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on 13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa
13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa Hardwood Flooring, 22mm = 0.24
kPa
LIVE LOADS:
Residential (Basic Floor Area) = LIVE LOADS:
1.90 kPa Stack Rooms = 7.2 kPa
Corridor above ground floor = Reading Rooms = 2.90 kPa
3.80 kPa Corridor above Ground Floor = 3.80
kPa
OTHER LOADS: Office Use = 2.40 kPa
wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m) Dining Rooms and Restaurants =
= 4.708 kPa 4.80 kPa

Solution: OTHER LOADS:

DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
4.708)kN/m2 (6.50)m = 4.708 kPa
DL = 44.057 kN/m
Solution:
LL = (1.90 + 3.80)kN/m2 (6.50 )m DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + 4.708
LL = 37.05 kN/m + 0.24)kN/m2 (6.50)m
DL = 45.617 kN/m
W2 = DL + LL
= (44.057 + 37.05) kN/m LL = (7.20 + 2.90 + 3.80 + 2.40 +
W2 = 81.107 kN/m 4.80) kN/m2 (6.50 )m
LL = 137.15 kN/m

W3 = DL + LL
= (45.617 + 137.15) kN/m
W3 = 182.767 kN/m
FRAME 3

For W1:
3.00
DEAD LOADS: LL = (0.75 kN/m2)( )m
2
Mechanical and Electrical Duct
LL = 1.125 kN/m
Allowance = 0.20 kPa
Roofing (Copper or Tin) = 0.05 kPa
W1 = DL + LL
Acoustical Fiber Board = 0.05 kPa
= (1.76 + 1.125) kN/m
Suspended Steel Channel System
W1 = 2.89 kN/m
= 0.10 kPa
Purlins (C100×8) = 0.07848 kN/m
(9) For W2:
Top Chord (L89×89×6.4) = DEAD LOADS:
0.08388 kN/m Mechanical and Electrical Duct
Bottom Chord (L70×70×7) = Allowance = 0.20 kPa
0.0722 kN/m Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10
Vertical Members (L30×30×5) = kPa
6 (0.02129 kN/m) Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on
Diagonal Members (L45×45×5) = 13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa
5 (0.03326 kN/m)
LIVE LOADS:
LIVE LOADS: Residential (Basic Floor Area) =
Minimum Roof Live Loads = 0.75 1.90 kPa
kPa Corridor above ground floor =
3.80 kPa
Solution:
DL = (0.20 + 0.05 + 0.05+0.10) OTHER LOADS:
3.00 wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
kN/m2 ( )m + 0.07848 kN/m (9)
2 = 4.708 kPa
+ 0.08388 kN/m + 0.0722 kN/m +
6 (0.02129 kN/m)+ 5 (0.03326 Solution:
kN/m) DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 +
3.00
4.708)kN/m2 ( )m
DL = 1.76 kN/m 2
DL = 10.167 kN/m Corridor above Ground Floor = 3.80
kPa
3.00 Office Use = 2.40 kPa
LL = (1.90 + 3.80)kN/m2 ( )m
2 Dining Rooms and Restaurants =
LL = 8.55 kN/m 4.80 kPa
W2 = DL + LL
= (10.167 + 8.55) kN/m OTHER LOADS:
W2 = 18.717 kN/m wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
= 4.708 kPa

For W3: Solution:

DEAD LOADS: DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + 4.708
Mechanical and Electrical Duct 3.00
+ 0.24) kN/m2 ( )m
Allowance = 0.20 kPa 2
Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10 DL = 10.527 kN/m
kPa
Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on LL = (7.20 + 2.90 + 3.80 + 2.40 +
13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa 3.00
4.80) kN/m2 ( )m
Hardwood Flooring, 22mm = 0.24 2
kPa LL = 31.65 kN/m

LIVE LOADS: W3 = DL + LL
Stack Rooms = 7.2 kPa = (10.527 + 31.65) kN/m
Reading Rooms = 2.90 kPa W3 = 42.177 kN/m
FRAME 4

For W1:
DEAD LOADS: DL = 2.36 kN/m
Mechanical and Electrical Duct
LL = (0.75 kN/m2)(3.00)m
Allowance = 0.20 kPa
LL = 2.25 kN/m
Roofing (Copper or Tin) = 0.05 kPa
Acoustical Fiber Board = 0.05 kPa
W1 = DL + LL
Suspended Steel Channel System
= (2.36 + 2.25) kN/m
= 0.10 kPa
W1 = 4.61 kN/m
Purlins (C100×8) = 0.07848 kN/m
(9)
Top Chord (L89×89×6.4) = For W2:
0.08388 kN/m DEAD LOADS:
Bottom Chord (L70×70×7) = Mechanical and Electrical Duct
0.0722 kN/m Allowance = 0.20 kPa
Vertical Members (L30×30×5) = Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10
6 (0.02129 kN/m) kPa
Diagonal Members (L45×45×5) = Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on
5 (0.03326 kN/m) 13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa

LIVE LOADS: LIVE LOADS:

Minimum Roof Live Loads = 0.75 Residential (Basic Floor Area) =
kPa 1.90 kPa
Corridor above ground floor =
Solution: 3.80 kPa
DL = (0.20 + 0.05 + 0.05+0.10)
kN/m2 (3.00) m + 0.07848 kN/m (9) OTHER LOADS:
+ 0.08388 kN/m + 0.0722 kN/m + wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
6 (0.02129 kN/m)+ 5 (0.03326 = 4.708 kPa
kN/m)
 LIVE LOADS:
Solution: Stack Rooms = 7.2 kPa
DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + 4.708) Reading Rooms = 2.90 kPa
kN/m2 (3.00)m Corridor above Ground Floor = 3.80
DL = 20.334 kN/m kPa
Office Use = 2.40 kPa
LL = (1.90 + 3.80)kN/m2 (3.00)m Dining Rooms and Restaurants =
LL = 17.10 kN/m 4.80 kPa
W2 = DL + LL OTHER LOADS:
= (20.334 + 17.10) kN/m wt. of slab = 23.54 kN/m2 (0.20m)
W2 = 37.434 kN/m = 4.708 kPa

Solution:
For W3: DL = (0.20 + 1.10 + 0.77 + 4.708
DEAD LOADS: + 0.24) kN/m2 (3.00) m
Mechanical and Electrical Duct DL = 21.054 kN/m
Allowance = 0.20 kPa
Plaster on tile or concrete = 1.10 LL = (7.20 + 2.90 + 3.80 + 2.40 +
kPa 4.80) kN/m2 (3.00)m
Ceramic or quarry tile (20mm) on LL = 63.30 kN/m
13 mm mortar bed = 0.77 kPa
Hardwood Flooring, 22mm = 0.24 W3 = DL + LL
kPa = (21.054 + 63.30) kN/m
W3 = 84.354 kN/m

FOR FRAME 1 MM = MN = 1.98 kN-m

For W1:
Midspan Moment = 3.53 kN-m
Solution:
FOR MEMBERS MN=NO=OP
For W2:
0.8 (3.00m) = 2.4 m
0.1 (3.00m) = 0.3 m FOR
MEMBER
[∑Mm = 0]
IJ=JK=KL
-Rm (2.4) + 4.90(2.4) (2.4/2) = 0
[∑Mi = 0]
Rm = Rn = 5.88 kN

[∑FV = 0]
-5.88 – 4.90(0.3) + RM = 0
RM = RN = 7.35 kN

[∑MM = 0]
5.88(0.3) + 4.90(0.3) (0.3/2) – MM =
0
Rj(2.4) – 40.55(2.4)(2.4/2) = 0 48.66(0.3) + 40.55(0.3) (0.3/2) – MI
Rj = Ri = 48.66 kN =0
MI = MJ = 16.42 kN-m
[∑FV = 0]
-48.66 – 40.55(0.3) + RI = 0 Midspan Moment = 29.20 kN-m
RI = RJ = 60.825 kN

[∑MI = 0]

For W3:
FOR MEMBER EF=FG=GH
[∑Me = 0]
Rf (2.4) – 91.3835(2.4)(2.4/2) = 0
Rf = Re = 109.66 kN

[∑FV = 0]
-109.66 – 91.3835 (0.3) + RE = 0
RE = RF= 137.08 kN

[∑MA = 0]
109.66(0.3) + 91.3835(0.3) (0.3/2) – ME = 0
ME = MF = 37.01 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 65.79 kN-m

FOR FRAME 2 [∑FV = 0]
-97.33 – 81.107(0.3) + RI = 0
For W1:
RI = RJ = 121.66 kN
Solution:
FOR MEMBERS MN=NO=OP
[∑MI = 0]
0.8 (3.00m) = 2.4 m
97.33(0.3) + 81.107(0.3) (0.3/2) –
0.1 (3.00m) = 0.3 m
MI = 0
[∑Mm = 0] MI = MJ = 32.85 kN-m
-Rm (2.4) + 8.635(2.4) (2.4/2) = 0
Rm = Rn = 10.362 kN Midspan Moment = 58.37 kN-m

[∑FV = 0]
-10.362 – 8.435(0.3) + RM = 0
RM = RN = 12.89 kN

[∑MM = 0]
10.362(0.3) + 8.635(0.3) (0.3/2) –
MM =0
MM = MN = 3.50 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 6.17 kN-m

For W2:
FOR MEMBER IJ=JK=KL
[∑Mi = 0]
Rj(2.4) – 81.107(2.4)(2.4/2) = 0
Rj = Ri = 97.33 kN
For W3:

FOR MEMBER EF=FG=GH

[∑Mf = 0]
Rg (2.4) – 182.767(2.4)(2.4/2) = 0
Rg = Rh = 219.32 kN

[∑FV = 0]
-219.32 – 182.767 (0.3) + RE = 0
RE = RF = 274.15 kN

[∑MA = 0]
219.32(0.3) + 182.767(0.3) (0.3/2)
– ME = 0
ME = MF = 74.02 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 131.58 kN-

m
FOR FRAME 3 Midspan Moment = 63.26 kN-m

For W1:
Solution:
FOR MEMBERS
ST=TU=UV=VW=WX
0.8 (6.50m) = 5.20 m
0.1 (6.50m) = 0.65 m
[∑Ms = 0]
-Rt (5.20) + 2.89(5.20) (5.20/2) = 0
Rt = Rs = 7.514 Kn

[∑FV = 0]
-7.514 – 2.89(0.65) + RS = 0
RS = RT = 9.39 kN

[∑MM = 0]
7.51(0.65) + 2.89(0.65) (0.65/2) –
MS= 0
MS = MT = 5.49 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 9.77 kN-m

For W2:

FOR MEMBER MN=NO=OP=PQ=QR

[∑Mm = 0]
Rn (5.20) – 18.717 (5.20) (5.20/2) =
0
Rn = Rm = 48.66 kN

[∑FV = 0]
-48.66 – 18.717 (0.65) + RM = 0
RM = RN = 60.825 kN

[∑MM = 0]
48.66(0.65) + 18.717(0.65)
(0.65/2) – MM = 0
MM = MN = 35.58 kN-m
For W3:

FOR MEMBER GH=HI=IJ=JK=KL

[∑Mg = 0]
Rh (5.20) – 42.177(5.20)(5.20/2) = 0
Rh = Rg = 109.66 kN
[∑FV = 0]
-109.66 – 42.177 (0.65) + RG = 0
RG = RH = 137.08 kN

[∑MG = 0]
109.66(0.65) + 42.177(0.65)
(0.65/2) – MG = 0
MG = MH = 80.19 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 142.565

kN-m
FOR FRAME 4 Midspan Moment = 126.53 kN-
m
For W1:

Solution:
FOR MEMBERS
ST=TU=UV=VW=WX
0.8 (6.50m) = 5.20 m
0.1 (6.50m) = 0.65 m
[∑Ms = 0]
-Rt (5.20) + 4.61(5.20) (5.20/2) = 0
Rt = Rs = 11.99 kN

[∑FV = 0]
-11.99 – 4.61 (0.65) + RS = 0
RS = RT = 14.99 kN

[∑MM = 0]
14.99(0.65) + 4.61 (0.65) (0.65/2)-
MS= 0
MS = MT = 10.72 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 13.64 kN-m

For W2:

FOR MEMBER MN=NO=OP=PQ=QR

[∑Mm = 0]
Rn (5.20) – 37.434 (5.20) (5.20/2) =
0
Rn = Rm = 97.33 kN

[∑FV = 0]
-97.33 – 37.434 (0.65) + RM = 0
RM = RN = 121.66 kN

[∑MM = 0]
97.33(0.65) + 37.434(0.65)
(0.65/2) – MM = 0
MM = MN = 71.17 kN-m
For W3:

FOR MEMBER GH=HI=IJ=JK=KL

[∑Mg = 0]
Rh (5.20) – 84.354(5.20) (5.20/2) = 0
Rh = Rg = 219.32 kN
[∑FV = 0]
-219.32– 84.354 (0.65) + RG = 0
RG = RH = 274.15 kN

[∑MG = 0]
219.32(0.65) + 84.354(0.65) (0.65/2)
– MG = 0
MG = MH = 160.38 kN-m

Midspan Moment = 285.11 kN-m